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PEARSON
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LIVAECSR OSCSU LTURES
FIFTHE DITION
LIVAECSR OSCSU LTURES
CROSS-CULTURAL
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
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ISB1N:3-9 78-05--4281047-5
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PEARSON
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CONTENTS
FORWEORDW altJe.Lr onnerX III
PREFACE XVII
ABOUT THEA UTHORS XXIII
0 CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION 1
WhaIts C ro-sCustlurHaulm aDne velopmen3t ?
Crsosu-lCtuHruamla Dne velopmaenndt Othteh eSroc ial
Sicences6
SomIem optranTthe mes 7
A Crso-suCtlurPaelr spec7t ive
Gosaf lort hFei eld8
AnE coloMgoidceall1 2
ThDee vpemleoanlNti che1 4
A DevpemleoanlOt rientat1i4o n
A ChrolgnoiocWailti--hnTopiAcpsp roac1h5
AnotPhieerocf te hD ee vemleonaptlPu zzTlheHe:u man
Genome1 5
PractAipcpallio cnast i17
Ovevrieowft hBeo ok 18
SomCer sos-lCtuuTreaasl ers1 8
Summary 19
SutdyQ uetsions2 0
FurtRheeari dngs 20
0 CHAPTER TWO
THEORIESA ND METHODOLOGY 21
TheoroifDe evse lopmen2t2
WhaItsa T heory? 22
Broennfebnrne'Esrc oloMgoidceall2 3
SupaenrHd a rkn'Deses vspemleoanlNti che2 9
Pia'gTseh teooryfC gonitiDveevp emleont3 5
v
VI CONTENTS
Vgyostk'ySso ciocTuhelotoryufD r eavlpe mleont3 8
Erik'sPsos nyocshocThieaolry 39
Kohble g'rs eoThoryfM orDaelv pemleont4 1
MethodoilnCo rgsoys u-lCtuHruamla Dne velopmen4t2
StyuidnDge vpemleoCnrtso -sCulltlSyuo:rm aMee thsoP,dr oblems,
anSdo luti4o3n s
MethfoordA ss sesCsoipmnogn seo nftt hDee vpemleoanlt
Niche4 7
SutydinEgc oloSgytisecmasl 5 0
Summary 51
StudQyu etsions5 2
FurtRheerai dngs 52
DeveloptmaeAlnn alysi5s3
0 CHAPTER THREE
CULTUREA ND SOCIALZIATION 54
EcoolgicCaonlt ext5 5
WhaitSs ociaoln?i z5at5i
EcoloMgoidcaeanlltd h Dee vpemleoanNlti che 57
SomCeul tuVraarli aitnti hoSeno sc ialoifBz eahtaivoin6o 0r
Prgenayn,Pc renDaetvaell oapmnBedin rtt,h 6 0
Infanc6y 1
Sleep6 1
Crying 68
Chilhdood 68
FormVaelr Isnuofsr mLaelna irng 69
Adolceesnce7 2
RitoefPs a ssag7e3
Aduhlotod 7 6
LatAed ultohdo 78
CultVuireaowlfAs g ing7 8
Summary 79
SutdyQ uestio8n0s
FurtRheerai dngs 80
DevleopmteanAln alysi8s1
0 CHAPTER FOUR
THE FAMLIYI NC ULTURAL
CONTEXT 83
EcoliocgCalon text8 4
CutlurVaarli atiinot nhsFe a miLliyfC eyc le 84
CONTENTS VII
MatSee lect8i4o n
MarriaangOdeht eLro nTge-rRme lation8s6h ips
TheB ritPhr ocAecsrso Csulst ure9s0
ThEec loogoyfB irth9 1
TheTr ansittioPo anr enotdh o9 5
InfanacndyC hihlodod 95
PareBnetilaeSlfys tems9 6
Motrhieng 99
Fatheriln0 l g
Adolescen1c03e
ThEec oloMgoidcaeanllAd d olescel0n 4c e
Cro-suCstlurDaffielr enicnAe dso lePseceern t
Relatpiso nlsOhSi
Aduhlotoadn dA ging 170
GrandparenIt0 h7o od
Carifornt gh Eel dye rl131
TheC hnaginCgon textF aomifie ls 161
Summary 171
SutdyQ uetsions1 71
FurtehrR eaidngs 181
DeveloptmaeAlnn alysi1s91
�CHAPTER FVIE
CULTURE,LA NGUAGE,A ND
COGNITOIN 121
EcoolgicCaoltn exTth:eL angu-aCggoenit-ion
CutlurLei nk 122
Infanc1y 25
EayrC lgonitiDveevp emleoinntC u ltuCroatnle xts1 25
LagnugaeA cquisiti1o2n6
EayrS leocnd-gLuaanAgcqeu siitainoBdni lilnigsuma 128
Childohdo 131
StaogfKe sn owianngLd e nairng 123
LanguSakgieal nlds LanSgoucaigael iz1a43t ion
Adolescen1c73e
FormOaple roantaTilh inkin1g73
Adutlhood 193
Reasinoagnn d Demcaiknsigi on1 93
LatAed ultohdo 141
IntellaingCdeog nnicteAi gvien g1 41
Lagnugaea nCdom mucnaitiinLo ane trLf ie 144
VIIIC ONTENTS
Summayr 145
StuydQ uetsions1 46
Furtheri nRgesa 1d47
DevelmoepntAanla lysi1s47
0 CHAPTER SIX
CULTURE,S EL,AF ND PERSONALITY 149
EcoliocgCalon texTetm:p eramenPte,r slointaayn,dS elf 105
TempearmeanntHd e ritaobfTr ialsii tty1 05
ThSee lSfo mCeul truaPle rspect1i5v1e s
Infanc1y 65
TemperamEecnotl,oS gytisecmaasln, d the
DevpemleoanlNti che1 65
Temperaemnatn d" Goodsnsoef F it" 175
Chilhdood 106
ThEem egrinSgef- loCncep1t06
Sef-lEstaeneSdme -lfffEicacy 126
Adolensccee 146
IdenFtoirtym ati1o6n5
SocIidaeln Ftoirtym ati1o76n
Aduhlotod 196
A Tmieo fS tabainldi tyC han1g96e
LatAed ulotohd 127
PesroniatyCl hanigneS se nesocrIe lnlcnee 1ss27
Th"eA gi"Sn egfl 173
Summary 147
SutdyQ usetions1 47
FurtRheearid ngs 175
DeveloepnmtAanla lysi1s7 5
0 CHAPTER SEVEN
CULTUREA ND SOCIABLE HAVIOR 177
Ecolioccgaoln text8 17
Infanc1y 78
Childr-eCtaaRkeelra tiipaosnn Adsth thamcePnatt ter1n7s8
ThSee cureH-yBopathsees i1s08
TheS ensiHtyiopvtihtye si1s28
ModeratAotrthsam ceoanfnt d SDoecvipeamlleo nt1 83
Childhoo1d4 8
PeeCru ltaunrde SRoecliaatlpi so n1s48h i
MorDaelv eloapnmde nPtr Oorsioecinatla t1i78o n
