list of entries

587 Pages·2008·14.21 MB·English

LIST OF ENTRIES
For facility of Encyclopaedia use, since headings of entries there are generally in Arabic, Per-
sian or Turkish, this list provides English references to either the main article in the Encyclopaedia
or to the Index of Subjects proper, which groups all articles concerned with the subject under
one heading. The main Encyclopaedia article is given here in bold type, the Subject Index
heading is in capitals preceded by an arrow (e.g. Clove Karanful; but Spices -> CUISINE.FOOD).
The Index of Subjects follows the List of Entries on p. 19. Countries and names of dynasties or
caliphates, which are included in extenso in the Index of Subjects, are not given in the following
list.
A
Abbreviations [in Suppl.] Abbreviations Amulet Tamima
Ablution -> ABLUTION Analogy Kiyas
Abridgement Mukhtasar Anatomy -> ANATOMY
Abstinence Istibra3 Anecdote Nadira
Academy Madjmac cllmi Anemone Shakikat al-Nucman
Accident cArad Angel -> ANGELOLOGY
Accounting -> FINANCE Animal -^ ANIMALS
Acquisition Kasb Ant Naml
Acrobat Djanbaz Antelope -^ ANIMALS
Act cAmal; Ficl Anthology Mukhtarat
Addax Mahat Anthropomorphism ->• ANTHROPOMOR-
Administration -> ADMINISTRATION PHISM
Admiral Kapudan Pasha Antinomianism Ibaha (II)
Adoption -> ADOPTION Antithesis Tibak
Adultery ->> ADULTERY Aphrodisiacs [in Suppl.] Mukawwiyat
Advance guard Talica Apostasy -> APOSTASY
Adverb Zarf Appeal Isti'naf
Aesthetics cllm al-Djamal Apple Tuffah
Agency Wakala Apricot Mishmish
Agriculture -> AGRICULTURE Aqueduct -+ ARCHITECTURE.MONUMENTS
Aims (of the law) [in Suppl.] Makasid al- Arabian peninsula ->• ARABIAN PENIN-
Sharica SULA
Album Murakka' Arabic -^ ALPHABET; LANGUAGES.AFRO-
Alchemy -> ALCHEMY ASIATIC; LINGUISTICS
Alfa-grass Haifa' Arabicisation Tacrlb
Algebra ->> MATHEMATICS Arabism -> PANARABISM
Almanac Takwim Arachnoids -> ANIMALS
Alms -> ALMS Arbitration Tahkim
Aloe Sabr Arbitrator Hakam
Alphabet -> ALPHABET Archaeology -^ ARCHAEOLOGY
Amazement Tacadjdjub Architecture -> ARCHITECTURE
Amber Kahruba Archives -^ ADMINISTRATION
Ambergris cAnbar Arithmetic -^ MATHEMATICS
Americas -> NEW WORLD Armour [in Suppl.] Silah
Amplification (of poetry) Takhmis Army -> MILITARY
2 LIST OF ENTRIES
Arsenal Dar al-Sinaca Association Andjuman; Djamciyya
Art -> ART Associationism Shirk
Artemisia Shih Astrolabe Asturlab
Article Makala Astrology -» ASTROLOGY
Articulation [in SuppL] Lafz.l Astronomical handbook Zidj
Artisans -> PROFESSIONS.CRAFTSMEN AND Astronomy -> ASTRONOMY
TRADESMEN Atheism Kafir
Ascendent al-Talic Atomism Djuz5
Ascension to Heaven, Prophet's Mi'radj Attributes Sifa
Ascensions al-Matalic Autobiography -> LITERATURE.AUTO-
Asceticism -> ASCETICISM BIOGRAPHICAL
Assignation Hawala Avarice Bukhl
B
Babism ->> SECTS Biography -> LITERATURE.BIOGRAPHICAL
Bacchism -> WINE.BACCHIC POETRY Bird -^ ANIMALS
Backgammon Nard Birth control -> LIFE STAGES.
Bahais -> BAHAIS CHILDBIRTH.PREGNANCY
Balance al-Mizan Bitumen Mumiya'
Balance of powers Tawazun al-Sulutat Blacksmith Kayn
Bamboo sugar Tabashir Blasphemy [in SuppL] Shatm
Band -> MILITARY.BAND Blessing Baraka
Banking -> FINANCE Blockprinting -> WRITING.MANUSCRIPTS
Barber [in SuppL] Hallak AND BOOKS
Bargaining Sawm Blood [in SuppL] Dam
Barley Shacir Blood-letter [in SuppL] Fassad
Barracks Tabaka Blood-vengeance Kisas; Tha'r
Barter Mucawada Boar, wild Khinzir
Basques -> BASQUES Boat Safma
Bat Watwat Body Djism
Bath -> ARCHITECTURE.MONUMENTS Book Kitab
Battalion Tabur Bookbinding -> WRITING.MANUSCRIPTS
Battle ->" MlLITARY.BATTLES AND BOOKS
Beard, the Prophet's Lihya-yi Sherif Bookseller Warrak
Beauty cllm al-Djamal Booktitle cUnwan.2(=3)
Bedding Mafrushat; Mifrash Boon-companion Nadim
Bedouin -> BEDOUINS Booty -> MILITARY
Bee Nahl Botany -> BOTANY
Beggar Sasan Boundaries Takhtit al-Hudud
Belles-lettres -> LITERATURE Bow Kaws
Belomancy Istiksam Bowing -> PRAYER
Ben-nut Ban Brand Tamgha; Wasm
Bequest Wasiyya Bread Khubz
Berbers -> BERBERS Breadwinner [in SuppL] Mucinsiz
Betrothal Khitba Bribery ->• PAYMENTS
Bible -^ BIBLE Brick Labin
Bibliography -^ LITERATURE.BIBLI- Bridal gift see Dower
OGRAPHICAL Bridge -> ARCHITECTURE.MONUMENTS
Bier Djanaza Brigand Sucluk
LIST OF ENTRIES 3
Broadcasting Id ha'a Building Bina'
Broker Dallal Butcher [in Suppl.] Djazzar
Buddhism -> BUDDHISM Butter al-Samn
Buffalo [in Suppl.] Djamus Byzantines -» BYZANTINE EMPIRE
Calendar -> TIME Chintz Kalamkar!
Caliph Khalifa Chirognomy al-Kaff
Caliphate -> CALIPHATE Christianity ->• CHRISTIANITY
Call to prayer Adhan Christians Nasara
Calligraphy -> ART; WRITING.SCRIPTS Chronogram Ta'rikh.III
Camel -* ANIMALS Church Kanisa
Camel-driver [in Suppl.] Djammal Cinema Cinema
Camomile [in Suppl.] Babunadj Cinnamon [in Suppl.] Dar Sini
Camphor Kafur Circumcision ->• CIRCUMCISION
Canal Kanat Cistern Hawd
Candle Sham'a Citizen Muwatin
Candle-maker Shammac Citrus fruits Narandj
Canines -> ANIMALS City (planning) [in Suppl.] Madina
Cannon Top Civilisation Medeniyyet
Cap [in Suppl.] Kalansuwa Clan Al
Capitulations Imtiyazat Clay Tin
Caravan -> TRANSPORT Cleanliness Tahara
Carmathians -> SHIITES.BRANCHES Clime Iklim
Carpet -> ART.TAPESTRY; PRAYER Cloak Khirka
Cart cAdjala; Araba Cloak, the Prophet's Khirka-yi Sherif
Cartography -> CARTOGRAPHY Clock Saca
Cattle Bakar Clothing -^ CLOTHING
Cause Ilia Clove Karanful
Cedar-oil Katran Cock Dik
Cemetery Makbara Codes -> CRYPTOGRAPHY
Ceramics -> ART.POTTERY Codification (of the law) Tashric
Cession Hawala Coffee Kahwa
Chair Kursi Coinage -> NUMISMATICS
Chamber, underground Sardab Coitus Bah
Chamberlain Hadjib Coitus interruptus cAzl
Chameleon Hirba5 Colour -> COLOUR
Chancellery -> DOCUMENTS Column cAmud
Charity -^ ALMS Comedians -> HUMOUR
Charms -> CHARMS Commanding right see Forbidding wron£
Cheetah Fahd Commentary Sharh
Cheiropters Watwat Commentary (Qur'anic) ->• QUR'AN
Chemistry -^ ALCHEMY Commerce ->• FINANCE
Chess Shatrandj Communications -+ COMMUNICATIONS
Chest -> ANATOMY Communism -> COMMUNISM
Child -> LIFE STAGES Community, Muslim Umma
Childbirth -^ LIFE STAGES Companions (of the Prophet) ->
Childhood -> LIFE STAGES MUHAMMAD, THE PROPHET
4 LIST OF ENTRIES
Compass Maghnatis.2; al-Tasa Court (of law) Mahkama
Concealment (of belief) Takiyya Court ceremony -> COURT CEREMONY
Concubinage -> WOMEN Court hierarchy [in SuppL] Martaba
Conference Mu'tamar Courtier Nadim
Confessionalism Ta'ifiyya Couscous Kuskusu
Confinement (of Ottoman princes) [in Cowrie Wadac
SuppL] Kafes Craftsmanship -> PROFESSIONS
Congress Mu'tamar Creation -> CREATION
Conjunction Kiran Creditor Gharim
Constellation -> ASTRONOMY Creed cAkida
Constitution Dustur Crescent Hilal
Consul Consul Criticism, literary ->• LITERATURE
Consultation Shura Crocodile Timsah
Contraception Tanzim al-Nasl Cross al-Salib
Contract ->> LAW.LAW OF OBLIGATIONS Crow Ghurab
Cook Tabbakh Crown Tadj
Cooking -> CUISINE Crucifixion Salb
Cooperatives Ta'awun Crusades -> CRUSADE(R)S
Copper Nuhas; and see Malachite Crustaceans -> ANIMALS
Copts -> CHRISTIANITY.DENOMINATIONS Cryptography -> CRYPTOGRAPHY
Copyist Warrak Crystal see Rock-crystal
Coral Mardjan Cubit Dhirac
Cornelian cAkik Cuckoo Wakwak.4
Corpse Djanaza Cuisine -> CUISINE
Corpse-washer [in SuppL] Ghassal Cumin Kammun
Corsair -> PIRACY Cupper [in SuppL] Fassad
Corundum Yakut Currants Zabib
Cosmetics -> COSMETICS Custody Hadana
Cosmography -> COSMOGRAPHY Custom -> CUSTOM
Cotton Kutn Customary law ->• LAW
Country Watan Cymbal Sandj
D
Dactylonomy Hisab al-cAkd Deer Ayyil
Dam -> ARCHITECTURE.MONUMENTS Definition TaVif
Dance Raks Delegations Wufud
Dandy Zarif Delusion Wahm
Date Nakhl Demography [in SuppL] Demography
Day Yawm Demon Djinn
Death -> DEATH Dentistry -> MEDICINE
Debt [in SuppL] Dayn Deposit Wadica
Debtor Gharim Deposition [in SuppL] Khalc
Deception (in law) Taghrir Deputisation Wakala
Declension Trab Dervish -> MYSTICISM
Declination al-Mayl Description Wasf
Decoration -^ ARCHITECTURE; ART. Desert -> DESERTS
DECORATIVE; MILITARY Devil Iblis; Shaytan
Decree, divine al-Kada5 wa '1-Kadar Devotions Wird
Decree of ruler Tawkic Dialect -+ LANGUAGES.AFRO-ASIATIC.
ARABIC
LIST OF ENTRIES 5
Diamond Almas Drama -> LITERATURE
Dictionary -> DICTIONARY Drawing ->• ART
Dill Shibithth Dreams -> DREAMS
Diplomacy -> DIPLOMACY Dress -» CLOTHING
Disease -> ILLNESS Dressmaker Khayyat
Disputation -> THEOLOGY Drinks -> CUISINE
Dissolution Faskh Dromedary -> ANIMALS.CAMELS
Ditch Khandak Druggist al-c Attar
Divination -> DIVINATION Drugs -> DRUGS
Divorce -> DIVORCE Drum Darabukka; Tabl
Documents ->> DOCUMENTS Drummer Tabbal
Dog Kalb Druze -> DRUZES
Donative coins Yadgar Dualism -> RELIGION
Donkey Himar Dulcimer Santur
Double entendre Tawriya Duress [in Suppl.] Ikrah
Doubt Shakk Dwelling Bayt; Dar
Dove Hamam Dye -> DYEING
Dower -> MARRIAGE Dyer -» DYEING
Dragoman Tardjuman Dynasty -> DYNASTIES
Dragon al-Tinnin
E
Eagle cUkab Epistolography -> LITERATURE.
Earthquakes -> EARTHQUAKES EPISTOLARY
Ebony Abanus Epithet -> ONOMASTICS
Eclipse Kusuf Equation (astronomical) al-Tacdil; Tacdil
Ecliptic Mintakat al-Burudj al-Zaman
Economics -> ECONOMICS Equator Istiwa3
Edict Farman Equines -> ANIMALS
Education -> EDUCATION Eroticism -+ LOVE.EROTIC
Elative Tafdil Error Khata3
Elegy Marthiya Error, writing see Mistakes
Elephant Fil Eschatology -> ESCHATOLOGY
Elixir al-Iksir Esoteric sense al-Zahir wa '1-Batin
Eloquence Balagha; Bayan; Fasaha Espionage see Spy
Emancipation -> EMANCIPATION Estate Dayca
Embalming Hinata Eternity -> ETERNITY
Emblem of sultan Tughra Ethics -> ETHICS
Emerald Zumurrud Ethnicity -> ETHNICITY
Emigration -> EMIGRATION Ethnography -> TRIBES
Emphatic phonemes Tafkhim Etiquette ^ ETIQUETTE
Encyclopaedia Mawsuca Etymology Ishtikak
Endive [in Suppl.] Hindiba' Eulogy Madih
Endowment, charitable Wakf Eunuch -> EUNUCH
Enjambment Tadmin Europeanisation Tafarnudj
Ephemeris Takwim Evidence Bayyina
Epic Hamasa Ewer [in Suppl.] Ibrik
Epidemic Waba> Exception Istithna3
Epigraphy -> EPIGRAPHY Executor Wasiyya
6 LIST OF ENTRIES
Exegesis Tafsir Expedition -» MILITARY
Existence Wudjud Expiation Kaffara
Exoteric sense Zahir; al-Zahir wa '1- Extremism Tatar ruf
Batin Eye -> ANATOMY; EVIL EYE
F
Faculty, university Kulliyya Fly Dhubab
Faience Kashi Folklore ->• FOLKLORE
Faith -> FAITH Food -> CUISINE
Faith, profession of see Profession of faith Fools, wise [in Suppl.] cUkala? al-
Falconry -> FALCONRY Madjanin
Family cA5ila Footprint, the Prophet's Kadam Sharif
Family planning Tanzim al-Nasl Forbidding wrong [in Suppl.] al-Nahy can
Fan Mirwaha al-Munkar
Farming -+ AGRICULTURE Forest Ghaba
Fasting -> FASTING Foreword Mukaddima
Fate -» PREDESTINATION Forgery (of coins) Tazyif
Fauna -> ANIMALS Forgery (of writings) Tazwir
Felines -> ANIMALS Form, legal Wasf.2
Felt Lubud Form, linguistic [in Suppl.] Lafz.l
Female circumcision Khafd Formulas -> ISLAM
Fennec-fox Fanak Fornication Zina
Fennel [in Suppl.] Basbas Fortress -> ARCHITECTURE.MONU-
Festival -> FESTIVAL MENTS.STRONGHOLDS
Fief Iktac Foundling Lakit
Fifth, one- [in Suppl.] Khums Fountain Shadirwan
Fig Tin Fowl Dadjadja
Film Cinema Fox Thaclab; and see Fennec-fox
Finance -> FINANCE Fraction Kasr
Fine Djurm Frankincense Luban
Fire Nar Fraud Taghrir
Firefighter Tulumbadji Free will ->> PREDESTINATION
Fiscal system -> TAXATION Freedom Hurriyya; [in Suppl.] Azadi
Fish -> ANIMALS Freemasonry [in Suppl.] Faramush-
Fishing Samak.3 khana; Farmasuniyya
Five Khamsa Fruit -> CUISINE.FOOD
Flag cAlam; Sandjak Fundamentalism -^ REFORM.
Flamingo Nuham POLITICO-RELIGIOUS.MILITANT
Flax Kattan Funeral Djanaza
Fleet, naval Ustul Fur Farw
Flora -> FLORA Furnishings -> FURNISHINGS
Flower poetry Zahriyyat Furniture [in Suppl.] Athath
Flowers -> FLORA Fiirstenspiegel Nasihat al-Muluk
Flute [in Suppl.] Nay
LIST OF ENTRIES 7
G
Gain Kasb Goats [in SuppL] Ghanam
Gambling -> GAMBLING God Allah; Ilah
Games -> RECREATION Gods, pre-Islamic -> PRE-!SLAM
Garden -> ARCHITECTURE.MONUMENTS Gold Dhahab
Gate -> ARCHITECTURE.MONUMENTS Goldsmith Sa'igh
Gazehound Saluki Gospels Indjil
Gazelle Ghazal Government Hukuma
Gemstones -> JEWELRY Grains -> CUISINE.FOOD
Gender studies -> WOMEN Grammar Nahw
Genealogy -> GENEALOGY Gratitude Shukr
Generation, spontaneous Tawallud Greeks Yunan
Generosity [in SuppL] Karam Greyhound see Gazehound
Geography -> GEOGRAPHY Grocer Bakkal
Geometry -> MATHEMATICS Guardianship Hadana
Gesture Ishara Guild ~> GUILDS
Gift -> GIFTS Gum resins Samgh
Giraffe Zarafa Gunpowder Barud
Girdle Shadd Gymnasium Zurkhana
Glass -> ART Gynaecology -* LIFE STAGES
Gloss Hashiya Gypsies -> GYPSIES
H
Hadith -> LITERATURE.TRADITION- Hempseed Shahdanadj
LITERATURE Henbane Bandj
Hagiography -> HAGIOGRAPHY Henna Hinna3
Hair -> ANATOMY Heraldry -> HERALDRY
Hair, the Prophet's Lihya-yi Sherif Herbs ^ CUISINE.FOOD
Hairdresser [in SuppL] Hallak Hereafter -> ESCHATOLOGY
Hamito-Semitic Ham Heresy -> HERESY
Hand, right Yamin Hippopotamus [in SuppL] Faras al-Ma5
Handbook Tadhkira Hire, contract of -> LAW.LAW OF
Handbook, astronomical Zidj OBLIGATIONS
Handicrafts -> ART Historiography -> LITERATURE.
Handkerchief Mandil HISTORICAL
Harbour Mina3 Holiness Kadasa
Harbourmaster Shah Bandar (and [in Holy places -> SACRED PLACES
SuppL] Shahbandar) Holy War Djihad
Hare [in SuppL] Arnab Homeland Watan
Headware -> CLOTHING Homicide Katl
Health ~> MEDICINE Homonym Addad
Heart Kalb Homosexuality Liwat
Heaven Sama3 Honour clrd
Hedgehog Kunfudh Hoopoe Hudhud
Hell -> HELL Horn Buk
Hemerology Ikhtiyarat Horse Faras
Hemp Hashish Horseback rider Faris
8 LIST OF ENTRIES
Horseback riding Furusiyya Hydrology -+ HYDROLOGY
Horticulture -» ARCHITECTURE. Hydromancy Istinzal
MONUMENTS.GARDENS; FLORA Hyena [in Suppl.] Dabuc
Hostelry -> HOSTELRY Hymn Nashid
Houris Hur Hyperbole Mubalagha
House see Dwelling Hypnotism Simiya'. 1
Humour -> HUMOUR Hypocrisy Riya5
Hunting ->> HUNTING
I
Ice-seller Thalladj Insignia -> MILITARY.DECORATIONS;
Iconography -> ART MONARCHY.ROYAL INSIGNIA
Idol -> IDOLATRY.IDOLS Inspection (of troops) IstiVad
Idolatry -> IDOLATRY Instrument Ala
Illness -> ILLNESS Instrument, musical -> Music
Illumination -> ART Insulting the Prophet [in Suppl.] Shatm
Image Sura Insulting verse Hidja5
Imagination [in Suppl.] Wahm.2 Intellect cAkl
Impurity Djanaba; Hadath Intercession Shafa'a
Incubation Istikhara Intercourse, sexual Bah
Independence Istiklal Intercourse, unlawful sexual Zina
Indigo Nil Interdiction Hadjr
Individual Shakhs Interest, bank Riba
Industry -> INDUSTRY Interpolation (astronomical) al-Tacdil
Infanticide Wa'd al-Banat bayn al-Satrayn
Infantryman Yaya Interpreter Tardjuman
Infidel Kafir Interrogation Istifham
Inflection Imala Interruption Katc
Inheritance -> INHERITANCE Introduction Ibtida5; Mukaddima
Inimitability (of Qur'an) I'djaz Inventions -+ INVENTIONS
Injustice Zulm Invocation Duca5
Ink Midad Ipseity Huwiyya
Ink-holder [in Suppl.] Dawat Iris Susan
Inner dimension al-Zahir wa '1-Batin Iron al-Hadid
Innovation Bidca Irrigation -> IRRIGATION
Inscriptions -> EPIGRAPHY Islam ->• ISLAM
Insects -> ANIMALS Ivory cAdj
Jackal Ibn Awa Jews Band Isra'il; Yahud
Jade Yashm Journalism -> PRESS
Janissaries Yeiii Ceri Judaism -+ JUDAISM
Japan(ese) al-Yabani Judge Kadi
Jasmine Yasamin Jujube cUnnab
Javelin Djerid Juncture Wasl
Jerboa Yarbuc Jurisconsult -> LAW.JURIST
Jewelry -> JEWELRY Jurisprudence ->• LAW
LIST OF ENTRIES 9
Jurist LAW Justice cAdl
K
King Malik; Shah Knowledge cllm; MaVifa
Kingdom Mamlaka Kohl al-Kuhl
Kinship Karaba Koran ->• QUR'AN
Kitchen Matbakh Kurdish -+ KURDS
L
Labour see Trade union Lexicography -> LEXICOGRAPHY
Labourers -+ PROFESSIONS.CRAFTSMEN Library -> EDUCATION.LIBRARIES
AND TRADESMEN Lice Kami
Lakes -> GEOGRAPHY.PHYSICAL Licorice Sus
GEOGRAPHY.WATERS Life -> LIFE STAGES
Lamentation ->> LAMENTATION Light Nur
Lamp Siradj Lighthouse -^ ARCHITECTURE.MONU-
Land -> LAND MENTS
Landowner Zamindar Lily Susan
Language -> LANGUAGES Linen Kattan; Khaysh
Largesse coins Yadgar Linguistics -> LINGUISTICS
Law -> LAW Lion al-Asad
Leader Za'im Literature ->• LITERATURE
Leasing Kira' Lithography Matbac a
Leather Djild Liver Kabid
Legacy Wasiyya Lizard Dabb
Legatee Wasi Locust Djarad
Legend -> LEGENDS Lodge Zawiya
Lemon Narandj Logic -> PHILOSOPHY
Lemon balm Turundjan Longevity Mucammar
Leprosy [in Suppl.] Djudham Louse see Lice
Lesbianism Sihak Love -> LOVE
Letter(s) Harf; Huruf al-Hidja5; and for Lute Saz; cUd
letters of the alphabet -> ALPHABET Lyre Kithara
M
Mace Durbash Mandrake Siradj al-Kutrub; Yabruh
Madman Madjnun Manichaeism -> RELIGION.DUALISM
Magic -> MAGIC Manifestation Tadjalli
Magnet Maghnatis.l Manners -> CUISINE; ETIQUETTE; VIRTUES
Maintenance [in Suppl.] Nafaka AND VICES
Make-up ~> COSMETICS Manumission -> SLAVERY
Malachite al-Dahnadj Manuscript Nuskha
Malaria Malarya Map Kharita
Man Insan Marble [in Suppl.] Rukham
Man-of-war Ustul Marches al-Thughur; Udj
10 LIST OF ENTRIES
Market Suk Millet [in Suppl.] Djawars
Market inspector Hisba Minaret Manara
Marquetry Zalidj Mineralogy -> MINERALOGY
Marriage -> MARRIAGE Miniatures -> ART.PAINTING
Martyr Shahid Mint [in Suppl.] Fudhandj
Martyrdom -> MARTYRDOM Mint (money) Dar al-Darb
Marxism Mark(i)siyya Miracle ->- MIRACLES
Masonry Bina° Mirage Sarab
Mathematics -> MATHEMATICS Mirror Mir'at
Matter Hayula; Tina "Mirror for princes" see Ftirstenspiegel
Mausoleum -> ARCHITECTURE. Misfortune Shakawa
MONUMENTS.TOMBS Misrepresentation (in law) Tadlis. 1
Maxims, legal [in Suppl.] Kawacid Mistakes, writing Tashif
Fikhiyya Modernism -> REFORM
Mayor Ra'is "Moderns", the [in Suppl.] Muhdathun
Measurements -> WEIGHTS AND Modes, musical Makam; [in Suppl.] Lahn
MEASUREMENTS Molluscs -> ANIMALS
Mechanics -> MECHANICS Monarchy -> MONARCHY
Mediation Shafa'a Monastery -> CHRISTIANITY; MYSTICISM
Medicine -> MEDICINE Monasticism Rahbaniyya
Melilot [in Suppl.] Iklil al-Malik Money -> NUMISMATICS
Melissa Turundjan Money-changer [in Suppl.] Sarraf
Melody [in Suppl.] Lahn Money-changing [in Suppl.] Sarf
Memorandum Tadhkira Mongols -> MONGOLIA
Menstruation Hayd Mongoose Nims
Merchants -> PROFESSIONS.CRAFTSMEN Monk Rahib
AND TRADESMEN Monkey Kird
Mercury ZPbak Monogram, imperial Tughra
Messenger Rasul Monotheism Tawhid
Messiah al-Masih Months -> TIME
Metallurgy -> METALLURGY Moon Hilal; al-Kamar
Metal ware -* ART Morphology Sarf; Tasrif
Metamorphosis -* ANIMALS.TRANS- Mosaics -^ ART
FORMATION INTO Mosque -> ARCHITECTURE.MONUMENTS
Metaphor Isti'ara Mountain -> MOUNTAINS
Metaphysics -+ METAPHYSICS Mountain goat Ayyil
Metempsychosis Tanasukh Mulberry Tut
Meteorology -> METEOROLOGY Mule Baghl
Metonymy Kinaya Municipality Baladiyya
Metre Wazn.2 Murder Katl
Metrics -> METRICS Music -^ Music
Migration -> EMIGRATION Musk Misk
Militancy -> REFORM.POLITICO- Mussel Sadaf
RELIGIOUS.MILITANT Myrobalanus [in Suppl.] Haliladj
Military -> MILITARY Myrtle [in Suppl.] As
Military rule [in Suppl.] Nizam 'Askari Mystic -> MYSTICISM
Milky Way al-Madjarra Mysticism -> MYSTICISM
Mill Tahun Myths -^ LEGENDS
Miller Tahhan