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Table of Contents Exploring the West
Exploring the West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 In 1803, the United States bought the Louisiana Territory
(lu-ee-zee-AN-uh TAIR-uh-tor-ee) from France . America
America Doubles in Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4–5
suddenly had thousands of new miles in the West .
Meriwether Lewis and
Preparing for the Journey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6–7
William Clark led an expedition
Finally Underway in May . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8–9 (eks-puh-DISH-uhn) to explore
this area . They drew maps of the
Making Friends on the Plains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10–11
land and the rivers . They wrote
about the plants and animals . The
Adventures on the River . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12–13
expedition taught Americans about
Struggling Through the Pass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14–15
the wonderful new lands .
A Welcome Sight in Oregon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16–17
The Long Trip Home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18–19
A Happy Homecoming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20–21
An Open Door to the West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22–23
Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
America Doubles in Size France had a huge area of land in the West . This territory was
called Louisiana . Napoleon offered to sell it to the United States .
The Louisiana Purchase cost America 15 million dollars . For that,
Thomas Jefferson became the third president of the United
the country got almost 828,000 square miles (2 million sq . km) . All of
States in 1801 . The country was much smaller then than it is today .
a sudden, America was twice as big!
America did not have any land west of the Mississippi River .
Jefferson wanted to know all about America’s new lands . He
Jefferson wanted to make the United States bigger . He
decided to send a group of men on an expedition . They would travel
dreamed of the country reaching across the continent
through the Louisiana Territory . Then, they would come home and
(KON-tuh-nuhnt) . In 1803, part of this dream came true .
tell about everything they saw .
France had a very powerful leader named Napoleon
Bonaparte . He wanted to make money for his country . So, he
Side Project
decided to sell some land to the
Jefferson had another job
United States . for the expedition. He
wanted them to find a river
route from the Mississippi
River to the Pacific Ocean.
This would help Americans
travel west to trade furs.
This map shows how
large the Louisiana
Purchase was.
Thomas Jefferson
Preparing for the Journey
This is a list of items that Lewis
and Clark bought to give as gifts The Men of the Corps
to Indians on their trip.
Jefferson knew just who he wanted to lead the trip . He Most of the men in the Corps of
Discovery were from the army. The
had known Meriwether Lewis all his life . Their families were
oldest was about 35 years old. The
neighbors in Virginia . For a while, Lewis was in the army . youngest was only 17. There was
one black man in the crew. He was
Now, he was Jefferson’s personal secretary . Jefferson knew
Clark’s slave, a man named York.
Lewis was brave, strong, and curious .
Lewis was happy to take the job . He started choosing
the rest of his crew . First, he asked an old army friend to
be his co-captain . William Clark was from Kentucky . He
had a lot of experience traveling in the wilderness and
along rivers and lakes .
Lewis did a lot of studying to get ready for the expedition .
Five different scientists taught him . He learned about plants
and animals . He studied navigation (nav-uh-GAY-shuhn),
surveying (suhr-VAY-ing), and Indian history . The scientists
also told Lewis what supplies to bring .
Lewis traveled to St . Louis in the winter of 1803–1804 .
His crew of about 40 men met him there . Lewis called them
the Corps (KORE) of Discovery . The men set up camp .
Then, they spent months training . They built boats, exercised,
and practiced shooting .
This is St. Louis, the starting point of the expedition.
Lewis was a good leader . The men respected and trusted
him . But, he was very serious and liked to be alone . Usually
he walked along the shore with his dog Seaman . Clark was
more fun . He loved to talk and tell jokes . He was in charge
of the boats .
Both captains kept journals during the expedition . They
wrote about their adventures . They recorded the weather .
They made maps of the land and the water . They drew and
described all the new plants and animals they saw . These
included bison, coyotes, prairie dogs, and jackrabbits .
The Rocky Mountains One Man Is Lost
Finally Underway in May
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smaller boats called pirogues (puh-ROWGZ) .
They planned to travel northwest along the Missouri River .
This would lead them to the Rocky Mountains . There, they
would cross a pass through the mountains . Rivers on the other
This is
side would take them to the Pacific Ocean .
from
Traveling on the river was very hard . Tree branches and Clark’s
journal.
rocks often blocked the boats . Mosquitoes and ticks constantly
bothered the men .
Making Friends on the Plains
Checking In
This is a Mandan village like the one where
the corps spent the winter of 1804–1805. Lewis and Clark were busy
IndiJaenfsf einrs othne h Wade sats .k eLde wthise pmlaennn iend t htoe gciovrep tsh teo Ilnedariann asb goifutts .t h He e Phdroueursirindsg ep ntrhet peJe awfrfiiennrgtse orren. p .T oThrhetsey y fso pre nt
hoped that would make them more friendly . He brought medals, organized their notes and
beads, mirrors, brass buttons, tobacco, combs, and other items . sdarmawpilnesg sth. eTyh ehya dla cboellleedct aeldl .t h e
The corps met their first Indians in what is now South Then they sent a boat back
Dakota . Some of these Indians were friendly . Others were not to St. Louis with all of the
information.
so welcoming . One chief thought he did not get enough gifts . He
threatened to take one of the expedition’s boats . His men aimed
their arrows at the boat . The men on the boat pointed a big gun
right back at the Indians . Everyone was nervous . Then the chief
changed his mind . What a relief!
The crew reached what is now North Dakota in November .
They made friends with the Mandan Indians . They decided to
Clark’s journal
stay in a Mandan village until spring . They built a camp and
was filled with
called it Fort Mandan .
everything he
could think to
The corps hired a new member that winter . His name was
write about.
Toussaint Charbonneau (TWO-san CHAR-bon-o) . He was
a fur trapper who lived with the Mandan people . He had a
young wife named Sacagawea (suh-cah-guh-WE-uh) . She was
a Shoshone (shuh-SHO-nee) Indian . Sacagawea had just had
a baby boy . He was nicknamed Pomp . The two of them also
joined the expedition .
10 11
Adventures on the River In June, the group
came to a fork in the Her Important Role
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followed their leaders .
Some people think that Sacagawea also helped guide
the Lewis and Clark expedition.
Lewis and Clark were right! A few days later they made
it to the Great Falls of the Missouri River . Everyone was relieved .
The corps could not take their boats up the huge waterfalls . So
they cut down trees . They used the trees to make wagons to drag
their boats over the land . It took about a month
to go almost 18 miles (29 km) .
After the falls, the corps returned to
the river . As they climbed the mountains,
traveling became very hard . The men
were relieved when they reached a
village of Shoshone Indians . The
Shoshone were known for their horses .
The expedition bought some horses to
carry their supplies across the mountains .
Shoshone Indian
1 1
Struggling Through the Pass
This Indian sits
with his dugout
canoe on the
Columbia River.
At last the group made it to the other side of the Rockies .
They built five new canoes . Then they set off down the Snake
River . The river was very fast .
Some canoes tipped over in the
rapids. Many New Canoes
Soon, the river grew wider, and The men could not bring any
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The corps was not ready for how cold it would be . They dugout canoes.
struggled through snow and freezing rain . They could not hunt .
The group soon ran low on food . Sometimes they had
to shoot their own horses and mules for food . Otherwise they
would have starved to death .
1 1
