Land Fragmentation and Consolidation in Albania

43 Pages·1998·0.38 MB·English

No. 25
A L B A N I A S E R I E S December 1998
Land Fragmentation
and Consolidation
in Albania
Sherif Lusho and Dhimitër Papa
NOIATNTEMGARF DNAL
DNA NOITDAILOSNOC
AINABLA NI
yb
apaP rëtimihD dna ohsuL firehS
WORKING PAPER, NO. 25
ALBANIA SERIES
retneC eruneT dnaL
nosidaM–nisnocsiW fo ytisrevinU
8991 rebmeceD
ii
ydbetnemelp m,iainab l nAnia lnPoit ctAekr adMn aeL h fttoupt u no sariep aspihT
eht dna metsyS noitartsigeR ytreporP elbavommI eht fo tinU tnemeganaM tcejorP eht
tnemnre v eomhG ottrrfop phu ts,i)waina b,laAnar ipTu( ogrnGik reovWitanidrooC
fo ;ainabl Amorf eht dnaL erun e, TryettinsneroCesviidn aUfMo–nisnocsiW
t cd,ae trc.ntno enany-monbR pciUl ofEael(nhe otv.yieSctD.n aUerngorAfetnI
;)00 -m1o3r0f4- 0 e0nh- atAse-’p 9no;4orE0iuR0nEAUH Pdna morf ehtarreT
edteuctniatnsi nfyI(b eht dlla r r tosurnW’toekltmtnuctiacesdBiSuerjrgdCAA
.)dooF dna erutlucirgA fo yrtsiniM ainablA eht htiw tcejorp
rof deraperP
P TCEJOR M TNEMEGANA U NIT I , ELBAVOMM P YTREPOR R NOITARTSIGE S METSY ,
T ANARI A , AINABL
yb
L DNA T ENURE C RETNE U, FO YTISREVIN W NISNOCSI –M NOSIDA ASU ,
ni
5991
llA ,s w,esi nv,osintoaitteardpnreemtmnoicer dna snoisulcno cdesserpxeni
srie hpee tarsyegpao lsnhfsio ito r rhftreodato rohhn seottatshpuoetpancuesn
.snoitutits nginitarepooc
thgirypoC © 8991 yb firehS ohsuL dna
.devreser sthgir llA .apaP rëtimihD
sredaeR yam ekam mitabr esveipoc fosiht
se s yolbpayrinucapre mtm norecomnfuocnod
,snaem dedivorp taht siht thgirypoceciton
.seipoc hcus lla no sraeppa
iii
STNETNOC
egaP
selbat fo tsiL iv
AINABLA NI NOITADILOSNOC DNA NOITATNEMGARF DNAL 1
yrotsih feirB 1
.1 snoisnemid dna sesuaC :noitatnemgarf dnaL 2
1.1 ainablA ni noitatnemgarf dnal fo sesuaC 4
2.1 sevitcejbO 4
3.1 ygolodohteM 4
4.1 scitsiretcarahc niam emoS 5
5.1 noitatnemgarf fo snoisnemiD 7
.2 noitatnemgarf fo segatnavdasid dna segatnavdA 01
1.2 noitatnemgarf dnal fo segatnavdA 01
2.2 noitatnemgarf dnal fo segatnavdasiD 11
.3 sevitcejbo dna seiciloP :noitadilosnoc dnaL 51
1.3 noc dnal fo eussI erutaretil eht ni noitadilos 51
2.3 dnal fo slecrap fo egnahcxE 61
3.3 sporc emas eht gnitnalp fo stnemeerga ’sremraF 71
4.3 rehtegot gnikroW 71
5.3 spuorg noitcudorp larutlucirgA 81
6.3 tekram dnal ehT 22
7.3 noitadilosnoc fo smargorP 32
.4 snoisulcnoc yevruS 52
.5 dnaL smargorp dna snalP :noitadilosnoc 62
1.5 noitadilosnoc fo smargorP 72
2.5 hcraeser rehtruF 82
.6 secnerefeR 92
:A xennA selbaT 13
vi
L
SELBAT FO TSI
T ELBA 1 5991 ,senummoc dna stcirtsid elpmas fo scitsiretcarahc niaM :ainablA 5
T ELBA 2 tcirtsid yb ezis dna noitatnemgarf mraf fo scitsiretcarahC 8
T ELBA 3 tcirtsid yb ,ezis ot Lgnidrocca slecrap dna 9
T ELBA 4 tcirtsid yb ,noitatnemgarf dnaL enummoc dna 01
T ELBA 5 snoitcasnart tekram dnal gnidrager sesnopseR 22
T ELBA e1g.alAliv yb ,)tcirtsiD ajnhsuL( ejturK anumoK ,noitatnemgarf dna ezis mraf fo scitsiretcarahC 13
T ELBA 2.A suL( ifubrëT anumoK ,noitatnemgarf dna ezis mraf fo scitsiretcarahC egalliv yb ,)tcirtsiD ajnh 23
T ELBA 3e.gAalliv yb ,)tcirtsiD ajnhsuL( imeloG anumoK ,noitatnemgarf dna ezis mraf fo scitsiretcarahC 33
T ELBA 4e.gAalliv yb ,)tcirtsiD arolV( elesovoN anumoK ,noitatnemgarf dna ezis mraf fo scitsiretcarahC 43
T ELBA 5.A rahCegalliv yb ,)tcirtsiD arolV( rëdneQ anumoK ,noitatnemgarf dna ezis mraf fo scitsiretca 53
T ELBA 6.Aegalliv yb ,)tcirtsiD arolV( jatarB anumoK ,noitatnemgarf dna ezis mraf fo scitsiretcarahC 63
T ELBA 7.A umoK ,noitatnemgarf dna ezis mraf fo scitsiretcarahC ,)tcirtsiD dhzarbiL( thsilotoH an
yb egalliv 73
T ELBA 8.A,)tcirtsiD dhzarbiL( sajnerP anumoK ,noitatnemgarf dna ezis mraf fo scitsiretcarahC
yb egalliv 83
T ELBA 9.A)tcirtsiD dhzarbiL( ajnerO anumoK ,noitatnemgarf dna ezis mraf fo scitsiretcarahC egalliv yb , 93
NOITADILOSNOC DNA NOITATNEMGARF DNAL
AINABLA NI *
yb
Sherif Lusho
anariT ,etutitsnI ecneicS laicoS
dna
Dhimitër Papa
tcirtsiD ajnhsuL ,yrotceriD dooF dna larutlucirgA ,rotceriD
B
YROTSIH FEIR
erofe Beh tl a 5rn 4 uas 9,ti’d1ml ranrueaiaoccrnlfiagaerfabrgrlauA sf o 5s5e3r,a3t9c3seahw
id d eoegthnt otlneeb c 2r,.es3pd2rol dtnsa eld geoergthanstl otlneeb c:7rs.ew3p od lesltaoufbirt
llam seh to tdegnole btnecre p4.0 6dn a,etats-noita neh to tdegnole btnecre p7.2 1,srenwodna legral
.dnal fo hctap a neve evah ton did seilimaf eht fo tnecrep 9.31 ;srenwodnal dezis-elddim dna
,sdr o.tlp sdieenhhgasTrl raneloni wtfo uoddbn e ia mgerlnrnht aoatse ifhih5recdT4ar9r1ga
s adwn arlie hdt ndaetairporp xeer e,wsnoitutits nsiuoigil edr n,asnasit r,astnahcr edmedulc nhicihw
n eo dsvtdnaieawgtlairpo rg. p neoxew timtEhafaditlohrt tosctcnaa sgea nhedotpemtaubirtsid
ma f000,07 fnooitubirtsid eer h,t64 9 n1.Ieltt iylr edven w rodon ayl nna wto odn irdeiht ioe hsweil
.dehsinif saw mrofer nairarga eht rednu dnal
feoz id snpaihsren wfeoopy ts(erutcur tesrun edtn a,lmrof enrairar gfnaooitacilp psai hrtetfA
leasrutluci r egmfha rotloafnoitazina g ergohonttidro cdceagn ayhlclaunit neo vc)ashgnidloh c .rot
rhdaceeasyeae rrce nbr ,imidduenenhaztin aesgrerevowitare ploaorcutluc it , rse6ngrh4Iait9f1
yln odn a,slaudividn ietavir po tdegnole bdna leh tf otnecre p4.1 8yletamixorpp a,059 1n I.retfaereht
,edh er t,sp. st sssrueaeaaBhpvetiyta rrde o npdto eaoe ctotogeetacnhs tottslnee bc6r.e8p ietav
–86 9s1ra eey hgtnir u.Dez i nsdiesaerc nsirotc eesvitarepo odc neata tes hdt ndaecud esr arwotces
,0791 noi teahztivit cfe olelrouctlucir gsaa w.detelp m lolacatrouTtluc idrngaal ecafrusdah
9d7 n)aHSB Nr(otc emsraf-eta tes h ntsi adwn atla h fttonecr e 1p;2seratc e0h00,0 0 o6dtesaercni
s em o fsryw,oe olt1hlfn 9tio.9ty1ntUre peovript cre ol stleacovecist a trsn ea enpweciohrotecp
ytreporp nliarutluc idrngaal ,detsixe dna nainablA wal denifed lla dnal sa etat.sytreporp
.dnal ot sthgir esu deniater snoitutitsni rehto dna ,sevitarepooc ,sesirpretne larutlucirgA

eghnti rnuoditatlus nroic e rhrotefle elheWh c da,nRdaleifn adtiS v,aiDl*a bturDe bklnA aeoh kttdill ueoWw
.yduts siht fo noitatnemelpmi
2
nI eht yl r,ase09 9n1ehw lea hcm tiedtteisglynosa phdcn ad ey zmeiohlntaorcsteanwec
15 0.7 owN agLniylp p na.Iegna h ocdt aohs lpaihsrenwodn a,lymono cteekr aoamt ndiemrofsnart
fo yl uyJl e ,t01a0 9m0s9i,e 1x3ido8ler3ivpmipae afcteuro b0a0 0s,e0r0a5tc emhorf eht-xe
md re .san .d efi’snei -aseahlm etrvltir stbeimanAaok tafItr,af-so2rew9e t 9paat1otlosucsefro
.detaerc erew smraf 000,084 ,noitazitavirp
.1 L C :
NOITATNEMGARF DNA SNOISNEMID DNA SESUA
n sosuiro t eudasfg ntle idaner otnlecttnamraoLgahcapt nreofrn adenw od ndaelli tsa aelgnis
.es ime rehnplTorbie o tt frsantopate n hndanentem are gnlobsaip e rmeiyficrnntainmesuhotc
e,rneohitta dsie lg foadostnnnao alcsv eddganasa ti gndhnativordbead i.synr ouhCttnneecetneves
d.eonhooTFit u l yle loso rsinas,teitesuhslbte c drenanap ils btomrto ocsfufoer e nmeeuvenabh
smra flaudividn if onoitamro feh ts anoitadilosno cdna lsenife d)OAF (noitazinagr Oerutlucirg Adna
taht etvnaehic i,,feefzruiusstcu rd tnnsaoitcer iredovfitcud oerspu gniK( dna notruB,5891
.pp sn od ieet tvalpazamhin enootai. ttg)ta9ra8on–r47eo4tc nI sngnid ldoehtd nneeatmlagdairlfos
.smraf tneiciffe erom otni
.dsneariLfr ttnnu eonyrcor eianftvifait dnse e mesfdghuonaTaarclf noitoactnemga m ylnom
n isya wtnereffi dn idepoleve dsa hnonemoneh peh ttu b,mrofe rnairarg agnitnemelpm ineh wstluser
e)r5a 8n9o1t r dugnBna isKe(ssec olrapcis y dh,npcaimon o,clearut l,ulcai c.osSeirtn utoncereffid
.noitatnemgarf dnal fo sesuac sa deredisnoc
, ns,30I ee80 gtrc90dnuae1,eiote–0nrbcr70wuaeG05od h 9,ly11abnloa sidrrnetapsudni
de ts aedi snreniapreroevprwir p ge0xot0et n 0ser,ro0eo5 mp4orhawf did ton n w.odnhaclaE
gni vdnaeohtsi ssntinas a eeehpstua csenboita ctonleref fdni nidsfalolec r 6an–pe4 v siyaglwimaf
s,reicenha tn io grifne toi hoi dkntd ereia.hoerstcrtecGiAt istll n aefelducoranqr euaaffqlpofeid
ta hnstoee re tht tesgreh teoli hdwn ae lht tesgri eehm orssolecr ae phl t lnsaiehct alpau qeeviecer
seicee r nGsidrayen idv nsadrahc r fonooitatnemga r.Fnoitatnemga rdfn aglnitavarg graehtr u,fdnal
.serutsap dna dnalporc fo noitatnemgarf naht dipar erom
noisivid lauqe na etatcid ecnatirehni fo swal cimalsI .ecnatropmi laicepse fo era swal ecnatirehnI
sesaercn inoitatnemgar fdna L.renwodna leh tf ohtae deh tretf asrie hll agnom aytrepor planreta pfo
f owa lcimals Ieh T.)drahcr odn aerutsa ps ahcus (seitilau qsuoira vf oslecra plauq ekee ssrie hnehw
eh cssnen a dat tnaeardiilmhenrgtt aenfe lhaahhnBttiae dfo e,hrte newh otddneadl isviidbus
d.n)a 9Ls8i9r1 r)a dH’n(sarleh t ro e ir fezfebnlhioh eatstsevhrrieagthg unaedr(d lgeinhhotcma
noitatnemg ahrgfuorh tecnatirehni osla srucco ni nretseW .eporuE rehtO sesuac fo dnal
.snoitaz i sn,uasoge irirgo toi,il sree gar dd ,nhnunds icolae ewdiclsrieltnuorniaifwutobndemgarf
e hfttor aspi hnstieilim arfegr ae l hfetosuac edbnall onHretsaehtu ontsinelave rsnpioitatnemgarF
.yrtn un oIencco ns,a r2re ne8Fhsoh9teiP1.stcpuaapa tMcfn(oemgarf l) a87n–o 0i1e triedwart
slec rlalpa myst(rep ogrnpil lrseoe sflluarnoituti t k sfcds noanweilaaclnatir e h hscsnaueiscitcarp
.)seno regral naht elbatiforp erom netfo erew
3
M AP 1
4
1.1 NCI NOITATNEMGARF DNAL FO SESUA A AINABL
sa3a991–19 9g1nir udderruc c to.Inonemone hwp eynlevital esanrioitatnemga rdfn a,lainab lnAI
tluser fo noi te ahsztgi nthfiagodvulioor rhpnh dotenishatetl uvlliaot rsafusrotieldpuocoicrga
,lato tn I.)etat seh ty bdenw osa wdna lerehw (smra fetat sdn a)ytrepor pevitcello csa wdna lerehw(
f srotcaf gniwollof ehT .detaerc erew smraf etavirp 000,084 .noitatanemgarf dnal derov
eht fo stolp evah ot redro ni snoitacol suoirav ni d¤nal nevig saw ylimaf h cae ,noisivid dnal gniruD
.sdlohesuoh ssorca )epyt dnalporc ,yticapac noitagirri ,ytilitref( lios fo ytilauq emas
¤ hcaE ylimaf saw n e,vdingal peovric l ,o,s se,dvsrodarrygaehn ci,rvdona n,eehlwbaliava
tegev .esuoh eaht raen snedrag elb
¤ p i d hs ,etsernn nrieoigaelvia nsniotteiaw muemreodabroup nfisDdarnlta sltiadh tyehtdah
.snoritacolla suoieverp rednu deviec
¤ noi td unkba oiLtornttusoicdc afo h etncoenbea wtetsseiubdo(h d)nsalec rdalnpaacisyhp
dnoc .)dnal suoniatnuom dna ,talf ,ylliih( snoit
md yraalahif mha cf,adeedulc n soaaciwna bdn lnilAaalrutluci rnfgooaitazitav i ernhpethW
loh srot cleasrtsa dsaucoiv ee,rhrptevoe r.osMlec rtandperef fy inod atdmneitnemg astr aafgwhnti
e v)istdal ree eigdpfrao ahodlc e(-ndxei eevob itsdnlbi eudcser tadupnbai rottsid a rebmunfo
detnemg a ertr faashgtnid leo vhyadh u rtkusoootre deenrw ueshnwoi g esefhrrotem r.asFeilimaf
,ajnhs u fLtocirts ied h nt,isdle iefvitarepooc- x fenooisividb ues hrtedisn o ec fw.Islecr a0p1 –o1tni
s eneiihl t i 5,md1san–efa1ra t2sc 1de f –lheo n0ejew1 it noffusu o remneKimihlo tic2m2a–f81
i vamreÇ (ifubrë Tf oenummoc 11– 7,dhzarbi Lf otcirtsi deh tn i;seratce h61–2 1f osdleli fnw o)egal
seilimaf ni eht enummoc fo thsilotoH nwo sdleif fo 6–4 ;seratceh dna os .htrof oSdnal
arf g noitatnem ni aina bslrAaeppa ot eb a laitaps dl,nanaiornoetm iohrncreiehhtpwsnaem
.dnal fo noitazilitu lanoitar troppus tonnac taht dnalmraf fo slecrap ynam otni noisividbus
2.1 O SEVITCEJB
tav idr npsfasolec o errhpet tnfoaitadilos n donncoaitatnemg adr nfsanlrec nyodc ustishT i nnoiitaz
:ot era yduts eht fo sevitcejbo ehT .ainablA
;yduts siht ni dedulcni stcirtsid eht n¤i noitatnemgarf dna l fo level eht no noitamrofni edivorp
;)segatnavdasi¤d dna segatnavda( noit atnemgarf dnal fo stcapmi eht enimreted
dna ;ecneirepxe ngierof dna na¤inablA htob no desab noitadilosnoc dnal fo sdohtem erolpxe
.yrtnuoc eht tuohg¤uorht yduts siht fo sno isulcnoc dna noitamrofni eht etanimessid
3.1 M YGOLODOHTE
gnidro cscnaoi gceirhparg otengeref fsi’dain a ebfvloiAtatnese r dpseeatrce le erssetwcirt seiedrhT
,ytisne dnoitalupo p,noitcudor pf oytisnetn i,es udna l,ygoloc e,yhpargopo t:airetir cgniwollo feh tot
os lhaci h,wnoig etra le fhsttneserp etrcirts iaDjnhs u) L.p 1aeMe S.(atip ar cedpn aftlonuo mdana
noitagirr irette b a,dna leh tn ostnemtsevn iero m,yrtnuo ceh tn inoitcudor plarutlucirg atso meh tsah
,sr eez vieils s iu fn,teoesrrteeonsfmis e sn leirlisoatufmibsnut rro ep,tpktore obewgtae nndinaard
5
-talf eht stneserper tcirtsiD arolV .serudecorp larutlucirga nredom htiw esitrepxe dna ecneirepxe dna
suonia taneuroam-yll ifho eh t,yrtn ueorcehw dnal sah e gyatrielviatr edfna e hetrutcurtsfo
no isttcsuidsonropc fo slaerec dna tiur f.s edehr zt tascrtibnrietLessdeiurDt pieethrlta-rehgih
,w o slyitilitr edfn a,lesra p ssyitisn endoitalup o,psuoniatnu odm npaee t ssdin aelre h,wyhpargopot
.ainablA ni stcirtsid eht fo noitacol eht swohs 1 paM .wol si noitcudorp dna
erhT e senum mnoichtiw hca etcirtsi dere wdetcele sev istaatnes efrop etrnereffsiadera
a c gni d,ryo hcop tad rnn,ga oyol,itpeti ozas ytilndtsueni pdas.onnpe otfinot iceuhdTorepmas
tem hca enihti wsegalli veerh ttchele so tdes usa wygolodo anumok deweivret nsiremr a0f2– 5e1 h.T
-xe emas eht no lecrap a dah taht seilimaf mraf ;revewoh ,detceles ylmodnar ton erew egalliv hcae ni
evi tdalreei pfeor oencwe snooh i cdttnauamo rbroaife nhr iteshlteocr anpi( reh tsotrap foeht
.noiitcvelloc atad eht ni dedulcni elrew )egal
deweivretn idn asegalli veh tn ispuor gnoitcudor plarutlucirg an onoitamrofn iderehta gosl aeW
.snoiger esoht ni smelborp tuoba seicnega rehto ni dna stcirtsid eht ni htob stsilaiceps larutlucirga
4.1 SSCITSIRETCARAHC NIAM EMO
noitalup onpabru/lar udr n,aep ydtn a,lnoitubirts iddn a flsocitsiretcara hnci aemm o,snoitc essi hntI
aer aelpma seh tro fata deseh tstneser p1elba T.dessucsi der asenummo cdn astcirtsi delpma seh tni
.elohw a sa
T ELBA 1 .c dna stcirtsid elpmas fo scitsiretcarahc niaM :ainablA 5991 ,senummo
L EPYT DNA NOITUBIRTSID DNAL PNOITUBIRTSID NOITALUPO
D STCIRTSI &
rep aH rep aH rep slecraP
SENUMMOC dnaltalF % ylliH % egalliV % nwoT %
atipac ylimaf ylimaf
ajnhsuL 47 62 83.0 47.1 4.3 27 82
ejturK 001 0 63.0 8.1 1.4 001 0
ifubrëT 001 0 23.0 5.1 5.3 001 0
imeloG 87 22 93.0 29.1 1.4 001 0
arolV 86 23 03.0 84.1 4.4 05 05
alesovoN 19 9 63.0 2.2 2.4 001 0
rëdneQ 54 55 03.0 32.1 5.6 001 0
jatarB 83 26 21.0 6.0 8.2 001 0
dhzarbiL 91 18 81.0 69.0 8.4 28 81
sajnerP 04 06 71.0 98.0 1.5 07 03
ajnerO 0 001 91.0 10.1 3.3 001 0
thsilotoH 9 19 81.0 58.0 42.2 001 0