Table Of ContentJ. AM.a cCulloch
LA RELIGIONE
DEGLIA NTICHIC ELTI
Traduzeci uorndaei
FrancDeisacnao
NERIP OZZAE DITORE
Titoolroi ginale:
TheR eligoifot nh Aen cieCnetl ts
© ].AM.a cCull1o9c1h1
Firpsutb lisbhye d
ConstaabnldeC o.L imit1e9d9 1
© 199N8e rPio zzEad itoVriec,e nza
ISBN8 8-7305-622-9
INDICE
PresentadziFi .oD niean o 7
PreafziodnieJ .AM.a cCulloch 19
I. Introduzione 23
II. Ilp opolcoe ltico 29
·
III. Glid èid elGlaall iea Cie lti continentali4 2
IV. .I lc icmliot oloigrilcaon dese 66
V. IT uathdaéD anann 79
VL Glid èid eBir itanni 108
VII. Ilc icdlioC uchulainn 137
VIIIL. as agdai F ionn 151
IX. Dèie uomini 165
X. Ilc ultod emio rti 171
XI. Cultpor imitdievlonl aat ura 177
XII. Cultdoe if iumei d elsloer genti 187
XIII.C ultod egallib eer die llpei ante 203
XIV. Ilc ulto degli animali 212
XV. Cosmogonia 229
XVI.S acrifpirceigoh,ie e driav inazione 235
XVII.T abù 253
XVIIIF.e stività 256
XIX. Glis trumednetlci u lto 277
XX. ID ruidi 290
XXI. Magia 313
XXII.L ac ondizidoenide e funti 326
XXIIIR.i nascei ttraa smigrazione 339
XXIV.L 'Elisio 352
Glossaarc iuord ai F .D iano 379
Tesetm ia noscrittio giarlllaaen csduier sdaii F .D iano 409
PRESENTAZIONE
L'ntierpeesirsle modnegdalonti i cCheila tsis uunn/saore m a
scien/tizcnae,l l'admebgsilttius od trioi ecc io mpasroalatoli l,a
metdàeX lI Xs eceo lpaoa rtdia'rlIeln ghidlovteie Rlro rmaa,n
tiscmiaov eva aaltltneit /nioflto korl ioecp,he rrni nvoarle' ispi
rzaointer oplpiiomt adtalaél s'p dreig té oméitlrmliiuesn tia.
Daprpimsaen eo cpcauroipn ooe etg ils ict rtioirnsz e;g ugiltio
stiusodiM.a mialt erdiiaoslnpbeii leero as cuerl oan cousIo .
Celatvie vlasancaoit doit erdois éu n'infldueteenrnzmaain te,
man omno nmuentouz n;la e ttesrcatrttiouad r,ea di oc muenti
inoupgpnlaiCb.ai sct'sir ii voalgaslneict himia nsocruinttt ezs;o
roi naestptcahtfeuoc onsenrevmiao tnoa sdt'eaIrnraidl deic ui
dobbiarmion grgalzsiit arrdaieaon rrmio nia,ec pigondiiS an
Partizeid oiS an oCmoblaEnsos.ti r ascrpiessres celor'loii m
menpsaot rimoaorlnceih oqe ue ltlae rarnoacr sau ssuerl roa va
cnoserrovnaon eliro om onazs;itt neartsteoup,rpfi lattrdoa llo
siprictrtoiai sno.
Fonptrie zsioonisto ee msotnidii oecgpar eecr ao mainplai ,ù
fecnodoer giorodseqoiu aClze;s atrrceac,iu anr itarttdoell a
Galplriae romcahèend aif,o n damteaniltnee reDsusneq.pu eer,
l'Inrdapl aosismaeodt emsotnaiinzmea nsoctrtdieie pocmae die
valmean, e sstuenmsaot naiinazd rietptocaih,ié R omannoivn i
misermoap ii epdeer, pdealrBltiraetn anai dee lGlaall iaab bia
moa,lc onatrritoe,ms otnaiinzdeia nticohsis errivm,aa nt uolla
cièp erveinntu rtaoso cnrdiei lzmliiato ogali dee ltlraa odniez,i
coln' ecncede ezMiia obinogglailoetnse isr,te aodt nteoll 'sXeI
colAo t.u tqtuoe ssit oua ngggailneto e msotnaiinzaer cohgeiol
chceh,ce o nsstioinnro e sdti/oi r/i tcizaoinszt;ef ulneea rirec,o r-
8 LA REILGIODNEEG LI ANCTEILCTHII
refdunie ber,ni el lez onceo nsqtuaditaiRe o maannzc;sh tteau e
did ivitiàcn elet icrhozmzaanTtei em.p nloivn e n es oncoéh, i
Celntoinn e p oesdsenvoa.
Oggic,h siai c cianggsleti u cdeil tsiitc rzod;vif aor ntaue n a
moliemr peosnsainditm ea tielarea,n cahtrei seta ircecooho lgi,c o
man ounl toi,sm ceintipfoiiccmoho,tél as tadrèa s/tatattdaaai
seisrsimsit uddii R(h1y8s9 d7i)D ,i na(n1 91d1i)F ,ar zer
(192d2iK) e,n rdi(k1 92e7c)c .
MacCullsoiicn hs enreifilsol cneae pe rdtaog li Rshtyudsi, di
bencphoélze zmoiic cnaasilomecnoltnave i osni"em tiolodgeilc a"
maesetd reoga lmib iaecnctmaiid cide etle mop neec ontle'sutsio
indisactrcoimo meic nhiadivi en teetrpoarnzueini cpae lrar eli
gioscietl,àtd iiocmsatriannq duoe usnto'ii gonrlaieta àu tmoinao
notoeil.vE rla' oecpian c uFiar zesrt apveapr u bibcrlaei ls uo
grdainsooG oldBeonu gshapa,ln acnduonp ortsolunlet' eirpnre
taozniceo mpadreamlta ati ear/lolelk roicMoa. Firnnac iaal tri
cetlisctozmG;ea ideoD z' Arbo]iusb aldilense voi,ic pcauvainno
particdoellalre'eta trsoeipi lgsooe c is ic omincaic ahviae dere
commea iil c rinsetsiifamososp ee entriantI or lanmdoad oi n
tanrtaop iepd aion os,en mzaar tsiernzoz;pa p onsizcz;oi tsoutein
dou nc asuonc ion ellas troidae llcars iatinzizaoznieD.o veva
esseqrucvaehilc osnaea,lr legliiodneei Cceehsl iptgeza;vq au este
starncei orsctaSniiz izneai.v aa miocfidarlaev isoinceh,pe e rdu
ròp ebru opnaar dteel XIX sercleoiilsgooi,tt eàdt ir au,n as an
guirnieaap irmit,pi e/vrusaad is a/iccruiim aend iis upeornset.i zi
Lo'pedriMa a cCulnloofncorn his cceo cnlunsidif eionitsiiv e,
limait traa cicqliu ararod-ei pli eùsu arientbeip lpeeior sls u soi
temop d-ellrae lniegd ieoi iCneF lrtaini cnBi rae,t aeng enlal e
IsoBlraein tcnehiA.l q uaslpieo etbrbaegu gnigieqlru era odd elle
fortissainmoaegl iteri alb rmaahnseimdoe ldli'eaIl na spiri
tuiatlà ccehlet visectnaaoe o ngdgsie mppriaeùll al ucSeip. o
treabdbdeti urrdiaitr ceh seo,rp attiunIt ratlnoad ,gr aazlli'ei so
lmaenteoa l plaer ticcoiclroasrtid aenllzsaetr oiiasn ulalree ,
antieco hrigaiiresn eiia r ncoo nsepruvrcaeot meie nn essturna' al
pardt'eE puari,otn atntelelas trustotcuirnaael rleu ,oa lsoc ritto
alclalas ssaecd oetralaelr, ei ,tn atntereii /tunie �bn rellac once
zoindee ilmlm'ortadleilltn'àia mdae,ml o notenisamsoc doiseto
trloap oliedmroitlcelapi cdietgàilnn iu emrdiè mza;s orptatutto
PRESEAZNITONE 9
nlelvais oinseip triuadlelel' setseinCzoan.ta rmaernaitlleos v i
lpupcoeh v idleeci vimlteàd tiearnree sintnoodraanrlsos i ig ni
ficatteor rdeenlvoli aut ma ancahc,er euònc oncdeetlltsaotr oia
ed elslcai ennuzoavd oan,da ol t epmou nv alionrsedc iibndial e
queldleol vliadt easl i ngcoheli ovn,e nltasò ep cauzolinfeli oso
fciac ommee zdzioi n daedg eillnrae aelsetprà iept oa spees re m
prleeb asdeill lao gilcas aip,tr iuiatlcàe l,t icndaoienvr mseante
daq uellfaoi riltnuag loes opnddee lnld'onI,o sni c urtar oop p
delalpepr aenczoen tinèlg 'evisinintlbieci; h nee/ o rmlaas oasnt
zaN.ul lva' cèeh n osni dai voi;nn essfenuonm eancoqs utviaa
lroes en onne ll'toitdcia suunso e ncsoos mliavc iout;am anèa
solos tuanedop i eodr ip ivùe ldaatllone e ibedb iM aay.La v ita
umanèpa a ritnesd ciibndiiul nep rocdeies vsoool nudzeei 'lulni
verscoo nnitunsio v omlegnietdoc oècs hìae c quisstuaso e inls o,
innaintzuntetlo rsauoporp tcoo inls acLar ov.it as ir ealizza
nealls utar ansdceenza.
Quelolc hlesa ciiatnvear dgelatint tiiit cehmsotnicil asesriac i
los rpezdzeol la cmeho griut eer creiledtriiim osntori anb vaat
tagell iosao c nfionp aottdeetreen duaitl oro od riudNie.s sduin o
esrsiisu cpìi enamceonmtrpee nadq eurecelh s eic eldaivteari o
rtitis� a ccri(i/ ainucmhaem èv� e rmoan, o cno fsreìq uecnmotei
svi orrfearbc breee rdel)feo,r mumlaeg eic,leh' olqueenlzeav ata
am oedlslpoe cvuolL.au tciafnorosi enp, a rpteecre,ipc sei sle nso
dis tupmiitsotc eehrc oi nrcdoaevp ae rmelaalv oarr oeg liiosità,
quanddeos ec,rc iovpna rodleeg dnie buanr diolt,r e ribei le
mister"iSgoinsoodr eel boscvoe nasetanroce priro e"s,Ms air di
sigelig als ioc ncerftenaonmteaint it raivq euiras slmio a neifsta
van;o nc erPtloii ,onc ehd if orntae/ atteiol quennotnnt e�
rincoosiclse e ncsoos meit croan sdceente.
L'opeMraac Cduill hoacu hng ranvdael ocarlses ificatorio.
Fion qau emlo menntseos uanvoe va raeandctotcroota na nta
chrieazeza ac curaedt sietztizouna,n,q uarodc opserìc idseol l'in
tricmaotnoodd egdlèciie ltAinccish.epe a rldaiur nera e gloiine
celtpiucsòae mabrraen cournaa z zaprodciohé,n osna ipapmo
cocne rtseezi,znt a u tltava a stao cacruepiaanE t urao pdaa i
Celvtfiios ,s uen cano sisutnetinàeto em ogteànd,ealm i omento
chleev aarniltoic saelmib rqaunaiosni ifn iÈtt eu.t at afuvatnit o
ceh,do vunqiCu eel satiing oi ntuia,b abnicoe lticpiiczùhz ea to,
lO LA RELIGIDOENGEL I ANCTEILCTHII
assuansetptodt eil cluel tauurteo cet}doo vneqe u esatvov enne}
queagpsleitf utrio naot aplu nitgnol obe/a usttid� an oens sere
pifùac ielnmtdiets inigbuiVlalip .oc ie rstooti tenoalcreheq} uan
dos piar ldaia recae ltniocsnapi ,ar ldaiq ucaolsdaio mogeneo
ec ompamtatd oiu} n vaa sstreaid eif enometneir rriitacolehi
comrpeonndqou atsuit ta tcEouvnrra oipaalb oieclt airl lairo o
motloa mpiEess.it onoa vitdaeu ltcltoeas ntttc�eh s onsot artie
sconpterlarapt i rem vao tlan emia nfauttcihp er endionln oom e
dalzloan aL aTd ènie i}nc ufiur onrnoiv ennuestlei c socloor so}
ec ehp resemnottaindvoeirc aotrisivocina tblriii nm olztoen e
celtei cpehe radnuatrnic onrecalo rdseosi e csoculcie sCsii vsii.
èi onltsorfer zdaict oim rpendseenr}eec l o uns/poa nthdeeolnle
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innumeevrodliiivn idteài CdEeulprtoaie }s istdeesgsdlieè rio
comuendèi q }u eisntp oa ritlle a vdoirM oa cCull.Po ecqrhu an
tor iugardlaa G allieal eI seoB liratncnheie grliie asr cien trac
ciraed elldeii vnictehpà o tredmfeimnoi "rpeca enletJmiJacc heh}
per cqehur eiulgar dlaa G al}le iseasndloen ositnrofer moanzii
inp ropodspiietneodn dtaiC erseaea ltaruit coalrsis diecvto�n o
/arei c onctoign l eiq uivarloemnaitnniqi }u anttuotq tuie sti
autaotrtir inbou inusoncm oreo ma(jnuop piMtieenrr}vM aa}r
teM1e rrciueoc )ca .ldlvaii ncietlàt ais ceac}aod nedlslue/e un
zointin�a noaglicao qnue ldlees lu sou opsptcoo rproisndente
ltaion}a ncdhoveeq uepsortcoe deinmtnoo hna d}i/ at t/oon}d a
menatlouc no.
Dib eanl tprorat astoanl oei nofrmoanzciieh r giuaarndloe
IsoBlreait ncnhiem}as opratttlaurntldtdaoov} e c iè p osbsilie
darec oraplodl iev itiàln ocaatltir alvae rrmsiiocto cogalid aic ui
dipsoanmiog}r aazimi ea nsocrdiite potcica r isatnia.
Los tadteoal rtot ggehi a u nvai osnimee ntoe tear sas maein o
pirmitdievlrale galoi incee ltgircaaaz}gis leti iu c dompaSrtauti.
doiscio m]eM.a rkaCl].e.G} u yoancrv11]h .C ampbNe.Cl hl,a d
wzk] .V endryeecsrc io.cn oscloat nooto arlieagi litenàg rainod
sidteàl vlioasn imee tsaificceal }tt ui ncciaidteàal l lroop oesliaa }
compledselsloi rtuoàn iveurncsiono e}pl a naomrad elcliev iltà
eruoepeer incooscioonntlorN en /lusdseot enramnciteheq uesto
popooh lae sceirttosa umlo ndmoo deor}gn iaàp artidralael so
ciemteàd iecvehap}le edr i rilnba r evea}i C edleqtvuiea si tutto}
nounl tmiomtilai p setdteils ltoe csrssiatoin seimo.