Table Of ContentCurrent Topics in Microbiology and Immunology
Volume 351
Series Editors
Klaus Aktories
Medizinische Fakultät, Institut für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie
und Toxikologie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Abt. I, Albertstr. 25,
79104 Freiburg, Germany
Richard W. Compans
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of
Medicine, 3001 Rollins Research Center, Atlanta, 30322, GA, USA
Max D. Cooper
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Georgia Research Alliance,
Emory University, 1462 Clifton Road, Atlanta, 30322, GA, USA
Yuri Y. Gleba
ICON Genetics AG, Biozentrum Halle, Weinbergweg 22, 06120 Halle, Germany
Tasuku Honjo
DepartmentofMedicalChemistry,FacultyofMedicine,KyotoUniversity,Sakyo-
ku, Yoshida, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
Hilary Koprowski
Biotechnology Foundation, Inc., 119 Sibley Avenue, Ardmore, PA, 19003, USA
Bernard Malissen
Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Parc Scientifique de Luminy, Case
906, 13288, Marseille Cedex 9, 13288, France
Fritz Melchers
MaxPlanckInstituteforInfectionBiology,Charitéplatz1,10117Berlin,Germany
Michael B. A. Oldstone
Department of Neuropharmacology, Division of Virology, The Scripps Research
Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
Peter K. Vogt
Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research
Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, BCC-239, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology
Previously publishedvolumes
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Oldstone,MichaelB.A.(Eds.): ISBN978-3-642-13331-2
Measles.2009.
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TTViruses.2009.ISBN978-3-540-70917-8
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PlantproducedMicrobialVaccines.2009. ISBN978-3-642-13328-2
ISBN978-3-540-70857-5
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Vol.333:Compans,RichardW.; PeterK.Vogt(Ed.):
Orenstein,WalterA.(Eds.): Phosphoinositide3-kinaseinHealthandDisease.2010.
VaccinesforPandemicInfluenza.2009. ISBN978-3-642-13662-7
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Vol.347:ChristianRommel;BartVanhaesebroeck;
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VisualizingImmunity.2009. Phosphoinositide3-kinaseinHealthandDisease.2010.
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Deretic,Vojo(Eds.): Small-MoleculeInhibitorsofProtein-Protein
AutophagyinInfectionandImmunity.2009. Interactions.2011.
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Neuropathology.2009.
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MolecularMechanismsofBacterialInfectionviatheGut.
2009.
ISBN978-3-642-01845-9
Marcel B. M. Teunissen
Editor
Intradermal Immunization
Responsible series editor: Richard W. Compans
123
MarcelB. M.Teunissen, Ph.D
Department of Dermatology
Academic Medical Center
Universityof Amsterdam
Meibergdreef 9
1105AZ Amsterdam
The Netherlands
e-mail: [email protected]
ISSN 0070-217X
ISBN 978-3-642-23689-1 e-ISBN978-3-642-23690-7
DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-23690-7
SpringerHeidelbergDordrechtLondonNewYork
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2011937253
(cid:2)Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2012
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Preface
Intradermal Immunization: More than Just Skin-Deep
Vaccination is one of the most powerful interventions to effectively reduce mor-
tality and morbidity caused by infectious diseases. It originated in 1796 when
Jenner inoculated cowpox virus into the skin to render individuals resistant to
subsequent infection with the potentially lethal smallpox virus. Since then,
numerous vaccines have been developed against many bacteria and viruses,
leadingtoeradication(smallpox)orcontrolofprevailinginfectiousdiseases(such
as mumps, measles, rabies, yellow fever, influenza, and several others). Despite
the impressive success of current vaccine programs, there remains a need to
improvetheeffectivenessofcurrentvaccines.Amorepowerfulandlongerlasting
immune response induced by smaller and fewer doses of vaccine is an exciting
challenge and necessary to reduce costs and to avoid vaccine shortages during
pandemic epidemics. Improvement of effectiveness also enables induction of
protective immunity in populations that respond poorly to vaccination, for
example elderly or immunocompromised individuals. Furthermore, for some
devastatinginfectiousdiseases(suchasAIDSandmalaria)effectivevaccineshave
notbeensuccessfullydeveloped.Therapidlyexpandingknowledgeonthecellular
and molecular mechanisms involved in and controlling protective immune
responses will ultimately lead to better vaccines. According to the generally
accepted dogma, dendritic cells have a crucial role in up taking antigens (e.g.
vaccine)andprimingtherequiredtypeofTcellresponseforprotectiveimmunity.
In addition, ample evidence proves that triggering pattern recognition receptors
(such as Toll-like receptors) on dendritic cells boosts the immunostimulatory
function of these cells.
Although the pioneering work of Jenner demonstrated that administration of
pathogensasavaccineintheskinprovidedprotection,nowadaysthevastmajority
of the vaccines are applied as subcutaneous and intramuscular injection. There is
no scientific evidence to show that these routes are optimal for vaccination. The
skinharborsawidespreadnetworkofdendriticcellsandcontainsawell-developed
v
vi Preface
immune system with a good connection to regional lymphatic tissues. Therefore,
theskinformsanattractivesiteforefficientimmunization.Itmayverywellbethat
intradermal vaccination is superior to the conventional intramuscular or subcuta-
neousmethods.ThereviewsinthisvolumeofCurrentTopicsinMicrobiologyand
Immunology cover diverse topics related to intradermal immunization. The vol-
umestartswithabasicoverviewofmurineandhumanskindendriticcellnetwork,
respectively,andtheirroleinimmunity,aswellasanextensivedescriptionofthe
immunobiology of the skin. The next chapter describes the state-of-the-art on
delivery systems especially designed for intradermal vaccination. The remaining
chapters highlight the effectiveness of intradermal immunization in experimental
animal models or in clinical practice, all supporting the view that intradermal
immunization is at least as good as other immunization routes. Keeping in mind
thatcurrentvaccinesarenotspeciallydesignedforintradermalimmunization,but
show comparable efficiency even at reduced dosages, this underlines the great
potential for the skin as a vaccination site and suggests that the efficacy can be
further improved. Hopefully, the overview in this volume will encourage vaccine
designerstofocusonthispromisingimmunizationroute,andinaddition,toinspire
them to develop a cocktail of antigen, adjuvant and formulation that is especially
optimized for intradermal immunization.
Finally, I would like to thank Professor Richard W. Compans at Emory Uni-
versity School of Medicine (Atlanta, GA, USA) for inviting me to edit this vol-
ume, all the authors for their expert contributions, and Anne Clauss for her
patience and taking care of organizing the process of publication.
Amsterdam, The Netherlands Marcel B. M. Teunissen
Contents
Understanding the Murine Cutaneous Dendritic Cell Network
to Improve Intradermal Vaccination Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
F. Ginhoux, L. G. Ng and M. Merad
Insight into the Immunobiology of Human Skin
and Functional Specialization of Skin Dendritic Cell Subsets
to Innovate Intradermal Vaccination Design. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
M. B. M. Teunissen, M. Haniffa and M. P. Collin
Delivery Systems for Intradermal Vaccination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Y. C. Kim, C. Jarrahian, D. Zehrung, S. Mitragotri and M. R. Prausnitz
Targeting Skin Dendritic Cells to Improve
Intradermal Vaccination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
N. Romani, V. Flacher, C. H. Tripp, F. Sparber, S. Ebner
and P. Stoitzner
Intradermal Rabies Vaccination: The Evolution and Future
of Pre- and Post-exposure Prophylaxis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
M. J. Warrell
Intradermal Vaccination to Protect Against Yellow Fever
and Influenza . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
A. H. E. Roukens, L. B. S. Gelinck and L. G. Visser
The Dermis as a Portal for Dendritic Cell-Targeted
Immunotherapy of Cutaneous Melanoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
D. Oosterhoff, B. J. R. Sluijter, B. N. Hangalapura and T. D. de Gruijl
vii
viii Contents
DNA Vaccines and Intradermal Vaccination
by DNA Tattooing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
K.Oosterhuis,J.H.vandenBerg,T.N.Schumacherand
J. B. A. G. Haanen
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
Contributors
M. P. Collin Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle
upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
T.D.deGruijlDepartmentofMedicalOncology,VUUniversityMedicalCenter,
De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
S. Ebner Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Innsbruck Medical
University, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
V. Flacher Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Innsbruck Medical
University, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
L.B.S.GelinckDepartmentofInternalMedicine,MedischCentrumHaaglanden,
P.O. Box 432, 2501 CK, The Hague, The Netherlands
F. Ginhoux Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science,
TechnologyandResearch (A*STAR),8ABiomedicalGrove, Immunos,Biopolis,
Singapore 138648, Singapore
J. B. A. G. Haanen DivisionofImmunology,TheNetherlandsCancerInstitute,
Plesmanlaan121,1066CX,Amsterdam,TheNetherlands
B. N. Hangalapura Department of Medical Oncology VU University Medical
Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
M.HaniffaInstituteofCellularMedicine,NewcastleUniversity,Newcastleupon
Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
C. Jarrahian PATH, Seattle, WA, 98121, USA
Y. C. Kim School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute
of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
M.MeradDepartmentofGeneandCellMedicineandtheImmunologyInstitute,
Mount Sinai School of Medicine, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029,
USA
ix
x Contributors
S. Mitragotri Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California
Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
L. G. Ng Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Tech-
nology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, Biopolis,
Singapore 138648, Singapore
D. Oosterhoff Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center,
De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
K. Oosterhuis Division of Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Ples-
manlaan121,1066CX,Amsterdam,TheNetherlands
M. R. Prausnitz School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
N. Romani Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Innsbruck Medical
University, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
A. H. E. Roukens Department of Infectious Diseases, Suite C5-P, Leiden
University Medical Centre, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
T. N. Schumacher Division of Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute,
Plesmanlaan121,1066CX,Amsterdam,TheNetherlands
B. J. R. Sluijter Department of Surgical Oncology, VU University Medical
Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
F. Sparber Department of Dermatology and Venereology Innsbruck Medical
University, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
P. Stoitzner Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Innsbruck Medical
University, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
M. B. M. Teunissen Department of Dermatology, Academic Medical Center,
UniversityofAmsterdam,Meibergdreef9,1105AZ,Amsterdam,TheNetherlands
C. H. Tripp Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Innsbruck Medical
University, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
J. H. van den Berg Division of Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute,
Plesmanlaan121,1066CX,Amsterdam,TheNetherlands
L. G. Visser Department of Infectious Diseases, Suite C5-P, Leiden University
Medical Centre, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
M. J. Warrell Oxford Vaccine Group, Centre for Clinical Vaccinology and
Tropical Medicine, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LJ,
UK
D. Zehrung PATH Seattle, WA, 98121, USA
