Table Of ContentInternational
Handbook
on Ageing
International
Handbook
on Ageing
CONTEMPORARY
DEVELOPMENTS
and RESEARCH
Edited by Erdman Palmore
M
Copyright © 1980 by Erdman Palmore
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1980 978-0-333-27828-4
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may
be reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any
means, without permission.
First published in 1980 by
THE MACMILLAN PRESS LT O
London and Basingstoke
Companies and representatives throughout the world
Published in 1980 in the United States and Canada by
Greenwood Press
A division of Congressional Information Service, Inc.
Westport, Connecticut
ISBN 978-1-349-05120-5 ISBN 978-1-349-05118-2 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-05118-2
This book is sold subject to the standard conditions
of the Net Book Agreement.
Dedicated to the gerontologists
around the world
who are helping to make
old age a good age
CONTENTS
Tables xi
Foreword by David Danon XV
Preface xvii
Austria
A. Amann, B. Doberauer, W. Doberauer, J. Hoerl,
and G. Majce 3
Canada
Gilbert Rosenberg and Bernard Grad 39
Chile
Jose Froimovich 60
Denmark
Bent Frijs-Madsen 75
Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany)
Barbara Fiilgraff 87
Finland
Leif Sourander 116
France
J. A. Huet and Anne Fontaine 124
German Democratic Republic (East Germany)
U. J. Schmidt, P. H. Schulz, S. Eitner, H. Richter,
and I. Kalbe 138
Greece
John Zarras 161
Hungary
Edit Beregi 181
Ireland
John F. Fleetwood 194
viii CONTENTS
Israel
Shimon Bergman 208
Italy
Aurelia Florea 234
Japan
Daisaku Maeda 253
Mexico
Manuel Payno 271
The Netherlands
R. J. van Zonneveld 278
New Zealand
E. G. Loten 310
Norway
Eva Beverfelt 321
Poland
L. Dobrowolski 344
Rumania
Ana Asian 349
South Africa
S. P. Cilliers 369
Switzerland
J. P. Junod 388
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Dmitri F. Chebotarev and Nina N. Sachuk 400
United Kingdom
W. R. Bytheway 418
United States of America
Erdman Palmore 434
Uruguay
Americo S. Alberieux Murdoch 455
Venezuela
L. Figallo-Espinal 467
Yugoslavia
Djordje Kozarevic 469
CONTENTS ix
Appendix 1: International Directory of Organizations
Concerned with Aging
Appendix 2: International and Regional Organizations
on Aging
David A. Hall and Andrus Viidik 495
Appendix 3: The International Development of Academic
Gerontology
Donald 0. Cowgill and Rosemary A. Orgren 501
Index 507
List of Contributors 525
TABLES
I Demographic Characteristics of the Countries in This Book xix
2 Elderly Living with Their Grown-up Children by Age and Sex,
1974 (Austria) 13
3 Participation of Parents and Children in Joint Activities
(Austria) 18
4 Wish for Common Household/Living in Contact Vicinity, 1974
(Austria) 19
5 Somatic Abilities of Persons Over 60 Years of Age (Austria) 21
6 Highest School Level Reached (Austria) 22
7 Percentage Distribution by Age of the Elderly, 1976-200 I
(Denmark) 76
8 Percentage Distribution of Marital Status of the Population
over 65 Years of Age by Sex (Denmark) 77
9 Population by Age, 1975 (France) 125
lO Population Projections by Age, 1975-2000 (France) 125
II Marital Status of Men and Women 65 Years of Age and Over,
1974(France) 126
12 Percentage Distribution of Population, by Age and Year
(Greece) 162
13 Population 65 Years and Over (Greece) 162
14 Life Expectancy by Sex (Greece) 163
15 Marital Status of Those 65 Years and Over (Greece) 163
16 Distribution of Population by Sex and Age (Hungary) 183
17 Pensioners as a Percentage of Total Population (Hungary) 184
18 Average Life Expectancy at Birth (Hungary) 184
19 Mortality According to Age (Hungary) 185
20 Mortality According to Main Causes of Death and Age Groups,
1975 (Hungary) 185
21 Percentage Distribution of Pensioners by Living Arrangements
(Hungary) 187
22 Percentage Distribution of Social Workers and Individuals
under Care (Hungary) 189
23 Mortality and Life Expectancy (Israel) 215
24 Life Expectancy at Selected Ages (Israel) 215
25 Marital Status (Israel) 215
26 Population by Age Group (Italy) 235
xii TABLES
27 Population Percentages by Age Group (Italy) 236
28 Male Population Percentages by Age Group (Italy) 237
29 Female Population Percentages by Age Group (Italy) 238
30 Ratio Between Those Over 60 Years of Age and Those Under
15 Years (Italy) 239
31 Birthrate and Average Life Expectancy at Birth (Italy) 239
32 The Aged Population (Japan) 255
33 Life Expectancy at Age 65 (Japan) 255
34 Increase of the Elderly Population by Age (Japan) 255
35 Proportion of Enterprises Practicing Fixed Mandatory
Retirement Age (Japan) 256
36 Age of Fixed Mandatory Retirement (Japan) 256
37 International Comparison of the Male Labor Force (Japan) 257
38 Comparison of Living Arrangements in Western Societies and
Japan (Japan) 258
39 Population by Ages, ~979 (Mexico) 273
40 Present and Future Population (Netherlands) 284
41 Life Expectancy (Netherlands) 285
42 Mortality by Cause and Age (Netherlands) 286
43 Kind of Principal Affliction for Which Last Medical
Treatment Was Received (Netherlands) 288
44 Groups of Principal Diseases for Which a Physician Was
Regularly Consulted (Netherlands) 289
45 Groups of Principal Diseases for Which a Specialist Was
Consulted (Netherlands) 291
46 Groups of Principal Diseases for Which Hospitalization
Occurred (Netherlands) 292
47 Total Population and Annual Increase (New Zealand) 313
48 Maori Population and Annual Increase (New Zealand) 313
49 Geographic and Population Variations (New Zealand) 313
50 Urban-Rural Concentration (New Zealand) 313
5 l Age Groups as Percentages of Total Population (New Zealand) 314
52 Sex Distribution by Age (New Zealand) 314
53 Actual and Projected Population 65 Years and Over
(New Zealand) 314
54 Marital Status of the Elderly Population, 1971 (New Zealand) 314
55 Population Increase (Births Over Deaths) (New Zealand) 315
56 Non-Maori Life Expectancy (New Zealand) 315
57 Maori Life Expectancy (New Zealand) 315
58 . Living Arrangements by Age (New Zealand) 317
59 Population by Age (Norway) 321
60 Size of Elderly Population (Norway) 322
61 Marital Status of the Elderly Population (Norway) 322
