Table Of ContentIntellectual Traditions at the Medieval University
Volume One
Studien und Texte
zur Geistesgeschichte
des Mittelalters
Begründetvon
JosefKoch
Weitergeführtvon
PaulWilpert,AlbertZimmermannund
JanA.Aertsen
Herausgegebenvon
AndreasSpeer
InZusammenarbeitmit
TzotchoBoiadjiev,KentEmery,Jr.
undWouterGoris
BAND108/1
Thetitlespublishedinthisseriesarelistedatbrill.com/stgm
Intellectual Traditions
at the Medieval University
The Use of Philosophical Psychology in Trinitarian
Theology among the Franciscans and Dominicans,
1250–1350
Volume One
By
RussellL.Friedman
LEIDEN•BOSTON
2013
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Friedman,RussellL.
Intellectualtraditionsatthemedievaluniversity:theuseofphilosophicalpsychologyin
TrinitariantheologyamongtheFranciscansandDominicans,1250-1350/byRussellL.Friedman.
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Includesbibliographicalreferences(p. )andindexes.
ISBN978-90-04-22985-3(hardback:alk.paper)–ISBN978-90-04-23198-6(e-book)1.
Trinity–Historyofdoctrines–MiddleAges,600-1500.2.Franciscans–Intellectuallife.3.
Dominicans–Intellectuallife.4.Intellectuallife–Religiousaspects–Christianity–History–Middle
Ages,600-1500.5.Psychology–Philosophy.I.Title.
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CONTENTS
VOLUMEONE
ListofSymbols,Abbreviations,andConventions ...................... xi
Preface.................................................................. xiii
Introduction.TwoTrinitarianTheories,andOneContestedModel.... 1
1. TheRelationAccount ......................................... 12
2. TheEmanationAccount ...................................... 16
3. ThePsychologicalModel...................................... 28
PARTI
EMERGINGTRINITARIANTRADITIONS,CA.1250–1280
IntroductiontoPartI................................................... 47
I. TheMakingsofaTrinitarianControversy:Aquinasand
BonaventureonRelations,Emanations,andPersonal
Distinction......................................................... 49
1. AquinasandtheratioofRelation ............................. 51
2. Bonaventureand“Modes”ofDiversity........................ 64
3. BonaventureandAquinasontheEmanations ................ 72
4. Conclusion .................................................... 88
II. EmergingTrinitarianTraditionsI:Franciscans,ca.1255–1280..... 91
1. GerardofAbbeville............................................ 94
2. WalterofBruges............................................... 101
3. WilliamofBaglioneandEustaceofArras ..................... 108
4. JohnPecham .................................................. 119
5. ParisafterPecham:WilliamdelaMareandMatthewof
Aquasparta.................................................... 139
6. OxfordTheology:NicholasofOckhamandRogerMarston ... 149
viii contents
III. EmergingTrinitarianTraditionsII:DominicansandOthers,
ca.1255–1280....................................................... 171
1. FromtheEarlytotheLaterAquinas:Selected
Developments................................................. 172
2. BombolognusofBolognaandRomanofRome................ 188
3. ExpandingTrinitarianTraditions:GilesofRomeandOthers 202
PARTII
THESTRONGUSEOFTHEPSYCHOLOGICAL
MODELANDITSOPPONENTS,CA.1280–1320
IntroductiontoPartII .................................................. 219
IV. HenryofGhent.................................................... 223
1. HenryofGhentontheDivineRelations ...................... 227
2. HenryofGhentandFranciscanTrinitarianTheology......... 236
3. HenryofGhentontheWord:ConceptsasDeclarative
Knowledge .................................................... 257
V. LateThirteenth-CenturyTrinitarianTheology .................... 281
1. Some“Dominican”Views:GilesofRome,Godfreyof
Fontaines,BernardofAuvergne............................... 282
2. CautiousFranciscans:RichardofMediavilla,Alexanderof
Alessandria.................................................... 301
3. TheFranciscanTraditionintheLateThirteenthCentury:
PeterofTrabesandWilliamofWare.......................... 315
4. TowardsScotus:FiveArgumentsontheHolySpirit’s
DistinctionfromtheSon ...................................... 322
5. Conclusion:TheDevelopmentoftheTrinitarianTraditions.. 337
VI. JohnDunsScotus.................................................. 341
1. AbsolutePersonsandtheUseofAuthority ................... 341
Excursus:AVeryBriefHistoryofAbsolutePersons ..........348–356
2. Scotus’CritiqueofHenryofGhent’sTrinitarianThought..... 376
3. ScotusontheWord:ConceptsasMentalActs ................ 395
4. Conclusion .................................................... 415
VII. DominicansintheEarlyFourteenthCentury ..................... 417
1. HervaeusNatalisagainstFranciscanTrinitarianTheology.... 423
contents ix
2. DurandofSt.PourçainandtheRadicalAttenuationofthe
PsychologicalModel .......................................... 448
3. TheLiberpropugnatorius...................................... 477
VIII.FromScotustoAuriol:ASurveyofFranciscanViews ............. 485
1. AbsolutePersons.............................................. 486
2. Filioque........................................................ 501
A. BriefOverview ............................................ 501
B. AFranciscan/DominicanDebate:RobertCowtonand
ThomasofSutton ......................................... 507
C. HenryofHarclay.......................................... 520
IX. PeterAuriol........................................................ 529
1. IndistinctionofEssenceandProperty,perseitastertiimodi,
andUnelicitedEmanations ................................... 532
2. TheEmanations,Auriol’sMarginalizationStrategy,andHis
InterpretationoftheCategories............................... 550
3. PersonalDistinction,TheDivineProductions,andthe
PsychologicalModel .......................................... 563
4. AuriolontheWord:Conceptsasesseapparens............... 579
5. Conclusion .................................................... 594
VOLUMETWO
PARTIII
THESEARCHFORSIMPLICITY,CA.1320–1350
IntroductiontoPartIII ................................................. 597
X. WilliamOckham .................................................. 601
1. Ockham,Nominalism,andFideism........................... 604
2. ThePersonalPropertiesandtheFormalDistinction.......... 608
3. Ockham,theFranciscanTrinitarianTradition,andthe
PsychologicalModel .......................................... 628
4. Solafide:PuttingOckham’s“Fideism”inPerspective ......... 652
XI. TheOxfordTrinitarianDebate,1315–1350 ......................... 663
1. WalterChatton................................................ 664
A. WalterChatton’sMethodinTrinitarianTheology ........ 665
Excursus:AVeryBriefHistoryofPraepositinianism .......... 678
x contents
B. ChattonandtheDistinctionbetweenthePersons........ 683
C. ChattonandthePsychologicalModel .................... 703
2. AdamWodeham .............................................. 715
3. RobertHolcotandWilliamCrathorn ......................... 733
4. TraditionalTreatmentsandWaningInterest ................. 743
Annex:OxfordTheologiansca.1330–1350andTrinitarian
Theology ...................................................... 748
XII. Paris,fromAurioltoRimini ....................................... 753
1. AnOverview .................................................. 754
A. TheTrinitarianTraditions ................................ 755
B. Independent:JohnBaconthorpe,OCarm ................. 768
C. Independent:GerardOdo,OFM .......................... 777
D. Independent:NicholasBonet,OFM....................... 785
2. FrancisofMarchia ............................................ 792
A. Super-rationesandEminentContainmentinMarchia’s
TrinitarianTheory ........................................ 793
B. FrancisofMarchiaandthePsychologicalModel ......... 803
3. MichaelofMassa.............................................. 809
A. MichaelofMassaandthePsychologicalModel........... 811
B. MassaonAbsolutePropertiesandPersons ............... 822
4. WilliamofRubio,Praepositinianism,andthePsychological
Model ......................................................... 831
5. GregoryofRimini ............................................. 845
A. Rimini’sPraepositinianism ............................... 847
B. RiminiandthePsychologicalModel...................... 860
6. TheSearchforSimplicityinRetrospect ....................... 867
Conclusion.TheDiversityofLater-MedievalTrinitarianTheology..... 873
Appendix.EustaceofArras’QuestionontheDistinctionoftheHoly
SpiritfromtheSon:CriticalEditionfromtheKnown
Manuscripts ....................................................... 899
Bibliography............................................................ 931
IndexofManuscripts ................................................... 975
IndexofNames......................................................... 979
IndexofSubjectsandTerms............................................ 992
