Table Of ContentErnst Schering Research Foundation Workshop 22
Impact of Molecular Biology
and New Technical Developments
in Diagnostic Imaging
Springer
Berlin
Heidelberg
New York
Barcelona
Budapest
Hong Kong
London
Milan
Paris
Santa Clara
Singapore
Tokyo
Ernst Schering Research Foundation
Workshop 22
Impact of Molecular Biology
and New Technical Developments
in Diagnostic Imaging
W. Semmler, M. Schwaiger
Editors
With 54 Figures and 18 Tables
Springer
Series Editors: G. Stock and U.-F. Habenicht
lSBN-13: 978-3-642-64581-5 e-lSBN-13: 978-3-642-60844-5
DOl: 10.1007/978-3-642-60844-5
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ISSN 0947-6075
22. Impact of molecular biology and new technical developments in diagnostic imaging.
-1997
Impact of molecular biology and new technical developments in diagnostic imaging / W.
Semmler and M. Schwaiger ed. -Berlin; Heidelberg; New York; Barcelona; Budapest;
Hong Kong; London; Milan; Paris; Santa Clara; Singapore; Tokyo: Springer, 1997
(Ernst Schering Research Foundation Workshop; 22)
lSBN-13: 978-3-642-64581-5
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Preface
Currently, a disease can often be diagnosed by means of morphologic
criteria using various imaging modalities. The clinical application of
high resolution imaging by computed tomography (CT), magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasound (US) has been shown to be
extremely useful for diagnosis and staging of diseases in oncology,
neurology, cardiology, and gynecology.
New developments focus on functional parameters pertaining to dis
ease-specific medical imaging. Such new diagnostic strategies are pos
sible using scintigraphic techniques and, more recently, MRI and US.
In addition, new therapeutic concepts, including gene therapy, require
specific tracers or contrast media for therapy monitoring, for example,
enzyme activity and changes in receptor expression. For this purpose
scientists conducting basic research, especially molecular biologists,
and clinicians must collaborate in order to exploit the available inter
disciplinary knowledge in the development of new imaging technolo
gies incorporating the molecular signals of diseases.
These developments require a better understanding of molecular bi
ology by clinicians and by researchers working in imaging technology.
Similarly, biologists must understand the principles behind imaging
techniques and recognize both the potentials and the limitations of the
existing technology.
To provide a platform for the exchange of information, experts from
both disciplines, molecular biology and imaging, were invited to this
workshop to discuss the future development of "Molecular Imaging".
The aims were as follows:
VI Preface
The Participants of the Workshop
- To provide an overview of existing approaches to functional and or
gan- and disease-specific imaging
- To discuss the limitations of existing imaging modalities and to pre
dict the clinical demand for "Molecular Imaging"
- To introduce concepts of molecular targeting by discussing the
pathophysiology of disease processes
This workshop succeeded well in initiating discussion among the in
vited speakers from the two fields, and the participants recognized the
potentials as well as the difficulties in transferring ideas into workable
and clinically adaptable solutions. In addition, the need for closer co
operation was well appreciated, as indicated by Dr. Wagner, who ad
dressed the existing "gap" between biologic and clinical sciences.
The participants agreed that the primary and most important goal -
a better understanding of each other's expertise - was achieved.
Preface VII
New ideas and cooperation were initiated which are likely to have a
significant impact on the development of molecular imaging.
Weare indebted to the participants for their contributions to the
workshop and for their help in making it a success. Furthermore, we
thank the Ernst Schering Researach Foundation for the generous sup
port. We also thank Dr. Ursula Habenicht and Ms. Wanke for their ex
cellent organization of the meeting.
Markus Schwaiger
Wolfhard Semmler
Table of Contents
Medical Imaging: Some Historical Aspects
E.l. Rummeny and P.E. Peters . . . . . . .
2 Molecular Nuclear Medicine: From Genotype to Phenotype
H.N. Wagner, Jr. ....................... 15
3 Integrated Imaging of the Heart:
New Clinical and Experimental Approaches
E.A. Zerhouni . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
4 Principles and Clinical Applications
of Functional Brain Imaging
T.J. Brady, A.G. Sorensen, and B.R. Rosen 33
5 Molecular Probing and Imaging by Magnetic Resonance
Spectroscopy: Possibilities for Imaging Gene Therapy
B. Ross, S. Bluml, E.R. Danielsen, and K. Kanamori 43
6 Tumour Targeting Using Peptides, Monoclonal Antibodies
and Fragments
K.E. Britton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 67
7 Future Challenges in the Use of Positron Emission Tomography
for In Vivo Molecular Imaging
T. Jones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 83
x
Table of Contents
8 Pham1acological Studies with Positron Emission Tomography
J.J. Frost ........................ 91
9 Use of Complex Carbohydrates as Targets and Ligands
for Imaging
R. Tauber, S. Emig, B. Volz, C. Fiegel', and C. Biihrer .. 103
10 Oligonucleotide Aptamers as Specific Targeting Devices
in Diagnostics and Therapy
S. Woljl, M. Kujau, A. Siebert, and M. Wolters ....... 135
11 In Vivo Monitoring of Gene Therapy by Radiotracer Imaging
R. G. Blasberg and J. G. Tjuvajev . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
12 Intra- and Intercellular Recognition of Cell Signaling
Using Oligonucleotides
M.K. Dewanjee .................... 201
Subject Index ......................................... 265
Previous Volumes Published in this Series .................. 269
List of Editors and Contributors
Editors
M. Schwaiger
Technische Universitat Miinchen, Klinikum rechts der Isar,
Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Miinchen, Germany
W. Semmler
Institut fUr Diagnostikforschung GmbH an der Freien Universitat Berlin,
Spandauer Damm 130, 14050 Berlin-Charlottenburg, Germany
Contributors
R.G.Blasberg
Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center,
1275 New York Avenue, Room K923, New York, NY 10021-6007, USA
S. Bluml
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Laboratory, Huntington Medical Research
Institutes, 660 S. Fair Oaks Avenue, Pasadena, CA 91105, USA
T.}. Brady
MGH-NMR Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Radiol
ogy, 13th Street, Building 149, Charlestown, MA 02129-2060, USA
K.E. Britton
Department of Nuclear Medicine,Queen Elizabeth II Wing,
St. Bartholomew's Hospital, West Smithfield, London ECIA 9BE, UK
