Table Of ContentImmobilized
Cells
and
Organelles
Volume I1
Editor
Bo Mattiasson, Ph.D.
Associate Professor
Department of Purea nd Applied Biochemistry
Chemical Center
University of Lund
Lund, Sweden
Boca BRoatcoan R aLtoonnd oLnon Ndoenw NYoerwk York
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First published 1983 by CRC Press
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Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Main entry under title:
Immobilized cells and organelles.
Bibliography: p.
Includes index.
Immobilized cells. 2. Immobilized cell organelles.
I. Mattiasson, Bo, 1945-
QH585.5.I45I47 1982 547.87 83-17870
ISBN 0-8493-6440-X (v. 1)
ISBN 0-8493-6441-8 (v. 2)
A Library of Congress record exists under LC control number: 82017870
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ISBN 13: 978-1-315-89428-7 (hbk)
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PREFACE
Besides giving some insight into basic technology (immobilization procedures, etc.)
these volumes also sum up the current know-how in the area and try to predict some
future trends.
Cells and organelles are small units for biochemical synthetic purposes, often the
smallest practically feasible unit since they contain coenzyme regenerating system, or-
derede nzyme sequences, etc.
The term "immobilized cells" covers everything from dead with cells a single active
enzyme species to cells proliferating on or within a three dimensional polymer matrix.
The practical handling fo these structures make them useful in various applications,
e.g., large-scale production fo biomolecules, biodegration, analysis, etc.
In recent years immobilization techniques have become very mild so that, besides
microorganisms, plant and animal cells can also be immobilized. When immobilized
enzymes first appeared a bright future for the technology was predicted. During the
last years some severe limitations have appeared, e.g., the problems to develop a prac-
tically feasible technology for coenzyme regeneration, the lack fo methods to arrange
enzyme molecules in ordered clusters to perform multistep enzyme catalyzed reactions.
To all these problems immobilized cells and organelles offer exciting and promising
alternatives.
Is it possible to manipulate the total metabolism yb immobilization fo the cell? This
question si not fully answeryeedt , but strong evidence shows that changes occur.
Immobilized animal cells grown on microparticles fo weak ion-exchangers have
changed the field of cell-culture dramatically. This technique now makes it possible to
exploit mammalian lines cell in biotechnology.
oB Mattiasson
THE EDITOR
Bo Mattiasson, Ph.D., si an Associate Professor in the Department fo Pure and
Applied Biochemistry, Chemical Center University fo Lund, Lund, Sweden. Dr, Mat-
tiasson received his Ph.D. degree in biochemistry from the University fo Lund in 1974.
He has been teaching basic and applied biochemistry since 1971, and since 1976 has
been an Associate Professor inb iochemistry.
CONTRIBUTORS
Peter Brodelius, Ph.D. Michael D. Hirtenstein, Ph.D.
Professor Product Group Manager
Department fo Pure and Applied Cell Biology Group
Biochemistry Pharmacia FinCeh emicals AB
University of Lund Uppsala, Sweden
ChemiCceanlt er
Lund. Sweden John Hopkinson, Ph.D.
Director
weN Business Development
Julian Clark, Ph.D.
Amicon Corporation
TechnicalD evelopmentM anager
Danvers,M assachusetts
Cell Biology Group
Pharmacia FineC hemicaAlBs
S. B. Karkare
Uppsala, Sweden
Department fo Chemical and
Biochemical Engineering
S. .0 Enfors, Ph.D.
Rutgers University
Department fo Biochemistry and
weN Brunswick, weN Jersey
Biotechnology
RoyalI nstitute fo Technology
Bo Mattiasson, Ph.D.
Stockholm, Sweden
Associate Professor
Department fo Pure and Applied
Saburo Fukui, Ph.D.
Biochemistry
Professor
Chemical Center
Department fo Industrial Chemistry
University fo Lund
Faculty of Engineering
Lund, Sweden
Kyoto University
Kyoto, Japan
Jose-Luis Ochoa, Ph.D.
Biotechnology Program
Stina Gestrelius, Ph.D. Centrod e Investigaciones Biologicas
Section Head La Paz, Mexico
Immobilized and Derivatized Enzymes
R&D AtsuToa naka, Ph.D.
Novo Industria A/S Senior Lecturer
Bagsvaerd, Denmark Department fo Industrial Chemistry
Faculty fo Engineering
LenaH aggstrom, Ph.D. Kyoto University
Department of Biochemistry and Kyoto, Japan
Biotechnology
RoyalI nstitute of Technology .K Venkatasubramanian, Ph.D.
Stockholm, Sweden Director, Corporate Research
Technical Development
Barbel Hahn-Hagerdal, Ph.D. H. J . Heinz Company
TechnicaMli crobiology Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
ChemicalC enter Visiting Associate Professor
University of Lund Rutgers University
Lund, Sweden weN Brunswick, weN Jersey
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Volume I
Chapter 1
Introduction .............................................................. 1
Bo Mattiasson
Chapter 2
Immobilization Methods. .................................................. .3
Bo Mattiasson
Chapter 3
Immobilized Plant Cells. .................................................. .27
Peter Brodelius
Chapter 4
Microcarrier-Bound Mammalian Cells ...................................... .57
Michael Hirtenstein and Julian Clark
Chapter 5
Hollow Fiber Cell Culture: Applications in Industry ........................... .89
John Hopkinson
Chapter 6
Immobilized Organelles .................................................. 101
Atsuo Tanaka and SaburFou kui
Chapter 7
Utilization of AqueousT wo-Phase Systems for Generating SolubleI mmobilized
Preparations fo Biocatalysts. .............................................. 121
Bo Mattiasson and Barbel Hahn-Hagerdal
Index .................................................................. 531
Volume 1I
Chapter 1
Immobilized Nonviable Cells for Use fo a Single or a weF Enzyme Steps.. .......... 1
Stina Gestrelius
Chapter 2
Immobilized Viable Cells. ................................................. .23
Bo Mattiasson
Chapter 3
Oxygenation fo Processes Involving Immobilized Cells. ........................ .41
S. .0 Enforsa nd Bo Mattiasson
Chapter 4
Fermentations by Immobilized StrAincate robes .............................. .61
LenaH aggstrom
Chapter 5
Co-Immobilization Involving Cells, Organelles, and Enzymes. .................. .79
Barbel Hahn-Hagerdahl
Chapter 6
Analytical Applications fo Immobilized Cells. ................................ .95
Bo Mattiasson
Chapter 7
Cell MembraneasAs d sorbents in Affinity Chromatography ................... 125
Jose-Luis Ochoa
Chapter 8
Process Engineering Considerations in the Development fo Immobilized Cell Living
Systems ................................................................ 133
.K Venkatasubramanian and S. .B Karkare
Index .................................................................. 145
Chapter 1
IMMOBILIZED NONVIABLE CELLS FOR USE OAF SINGLE RO A
FEW ENZYMES TEPS
Stina Gestrelius
TABLEO CFO NTENTS
I . Introduction ........................................................ 2
1I . Definition .......................................................... 2
111 . Rationalef or Immobilizing Nonviable Cells ............................. 2
V1 . Production fo Immobilized Nonviable Cells ............................. 4
A . Selection fo Cells .............................................. 4
B . Production and Recovery fo Cells ................................ 5
C . Selection fo Immobilization Method .............................. 5
1 . CatalystA pplication ..................................... 6
2 . ReactorType ........................................... 7
3 . Enzyme Reaction Conditions and Reactant Properties ......... 8
4 . Cell Type and Enzyme Properties .......................... 9
5 . Catalyst Manufacture ................................... 11
D . Characterization fo the Immobilized Cell Preparation .............. 12
V . Present and Future Applications fo Immobilized Nonviable Cells ........... 13
References ............................................................... 71
