ICAR Technical Series no. 1 - Anand Proc.

441 Pages·1998·1.33 MB·English

by  Cesare Mosconi

ICAR T S N . 1
ECHNICAL ERIES O
I W A
NTERNATIONAL ORKSHOP ON NIMAL
R S
ECORDING FOR MALLHOLDERS IN
D C
EVELOPING OUNTRIES
Anand (India) 20-23 October 1997
Editor: K.R. Trivedi
May, 1998
Table of Contents
Preface .........................................................................................................................................................1
J. Boyazoglu
Foreword.....................................................................................................................................................3
W. Wismans
Introduction................................................................................................................................................5
K.R. Trivedi
Part I - Recommendations and Summaries ........................................................................... 7
Recommendations.....................................................................................................................................9
K.R. Trivedi
Summaries................................................................................................................................................11
K.R. Trivedi
Part II - Country Reports......................................................................................................... 25
A Case Study of Buffalo Recording Systems under the
Dairy Co-operative Organisations in India.........................................................................................27
K.R. Trivedi
Milk Recording and Genetic Improvement of Sunandini Cows in Kerala .................................... 43
C.T. Chacko & G. Kishore
Progeny Testing of Bulls: NGO(cid:146)s Experience in India ......................................................................53
B.R. Mangurkar
Animal Recording for Livestock Development Experiences
of the Swiss Agency for Development and Co-operation and
of Interco-operation in India..................................................................................................................59
F. Bachmann
Animal Recording in Smallholder Farming Systems.
The Sri Lankan Experience ....................................................................................................................69
S.K.R. Amarasekera
Monitoring Livestock Productivity in Malaysia.................................................................................79
Z.A. Jelan & M.M. Dahan
Practical experiences in Milk Recording in Indonesia.......................................................................89
K. Diwyanto, A. Anggraeni & A. Djajanegara
a
Animal Recording in the Philippines................................................................................................. 103
P.G. Duran
Livestock production Situation in Vietnam and Development Orientation................................111
D.K. Tuyen & L.B. Lich
Dairy Cattle Development in China................................................................................................... 129
M. Chunsheng
Experiences in Dairy Recording with Smallholder
Producers in the Ethiopian Highlands...............................................................................................137
A.G. Wold
Dairy Recording in Kenya.................................................................................................................... 147
E.A. Mukisira
Case Study on Cattle Recording Systems in Egypt ......................................................................... 155
H. Mansour
Animal Recording Schemes in Senegal.............................................................................................. 165
A. Fall & Diop
Dairy Herd Improvement Services in Zimbabwe: Past Present and Future ............................... 173
C. Banga
Animal Recording in Morocco: Constraints and Possibilities for Improvement........................ 181
A. Ilham
The Development and Maintenance of Animal Recording Schemes
for Low to Medium Input Production Environments: a Case Study
of Sheep Recording in Morocco ..........................................................................................................189
A. Ilham
Milk Recording and Evaluation Information System in Production in Small Ruminants in
Slovenia................................................................................................................................................... 201
D. Kompan, M. Drobnic, M. Kovae, M. Pogacnik & S. Brednik
Animal Recording in Turkey with Special Reference to Sheep Recording..................................207
O. G(cid:252)rsoy
The Development and Maintenance of Animal Recording Schemes
for Low to Medium Input Production Environments - A Case Study
on Animal Recording Systems in Greece ..........................................................................................217
A. Georgudis & A. Baltas
Performance Recording in Dual Purpose Cattle in Venezuela ......................................................225
R. Vaccaro & L. de Lucia
b
Experiences with Performance Recording of Dairy Cattle in Brazil ............................................. 235
F.E. Madalena
Part III - General Papers.........................................................................................................247
Integrated Information Systems for Animal Production................................................................ 249
M. Baajen
Low Cost Recording Schemes Using High Tec Systems................................................................. 259
D. Batchelor
ICAR and the Developing Countries................................................................................................. 263
D. Batchelor
Part IV - Seminal Papers ........................................................................................................265
The Impact of Socio-Economic Aspects on the Development and
Outcome of Animal Recording Systems............................................................................................267
J.C. Flamant
Goal-Led Livestock Recording Systems for Low To Medium Input
Production Systems............................................................................................................................... 319
G.E. Pollot
Private and Public Organisational Aspects/Roles
in Animal Recording & Breeding........................................................................................................ 347
R. Banks
Fundamental Considerations of Measurement, Analysis and
Interpretation in Designing Performance Recording Systems in Animals.................................. 387
J.W. James
Guidelines for Development of Performance Recording in
Low-to-Medium Input Production Systems - A Perspective......................................................... 425
S. Galal
Part V - Annexes ......................................................................................................................427
Annex 1: Procedures for Reaching Recommendations................................................................... 429
Annex 2: List and Addresses of Participants....................................................................................433
c
Cognome/i
Preface
It has been long recognised that animal recording is a prerequisite for any
serious effort to develop livestock production at both the farm and at the
industry level. Such organised recording has been practised for long in
most of the developed countries and it was, indeed the basis for the genetic
improvement realised and the understanding and evolving of production
systems. However, animal recording is not common in developing
countries and where it has been attempted, frequently developed-country
technology was inappropriately employed. In the desire to achieve food
security in many parts of the world where the great bulk of animal products
comes from low-to-medium input production systems, development of a
range of adapted livestock production systems and animal genetic
resources will be essential. This will commonly involve the use of
appropriate recording methods for these medium-input systems.
Animal recording systems in general and in medium input-animal
production systems in particular, is a challenging task for it has to take
into consideration a wide range of basic factors like what records to use to
achieve what objectives, the socio-economic context, the structure of the
livestock sector etc. The International Committee for Animal Recording’s
(ICAR), main concern is the progressing of animal recording world-wide
on solid scientific and technical basis and in collaboration with other
organisations. Since 1994, ICAR has also established a Development Fund
Task Force to lend support to sustainable recording systems in developing
countries. The Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations
(FAO) sustains this initiative within its mandate of assisting countries in
developing and better managing their genetic resources which requires
appropriate recording systems in a range of production environments.
Therefore ICAR and FAO, along with India(cid:146)s National Dairy Development
Board (NDDB), collaborated to organise this Workshop held at Anand,
India. The Workshop, attended by experts from more than 25 countries
and organisations, was an appropriate medium for discussing issues
related to animal recording with special reference to medium-input
production systems.
These Proceedings include national experiences in the form of country
reports, seminal papers dealing with basic aspects of recording and
recommendations addressed to different international and national bodies.
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ICAR Technical Series - No 1
Preface
On the part of ICAR, FAO and NDDB great efforts were made in preparing
for and organising the Workshop and producing the Proceedings.
ICAR wishes to thank FAO for its financial and technical support and
very constructive collaboration during the execution of this activity and
NDDB for making their facilities at Anand available to the Workshop and
its logistical support. The efforts and major inputs by Ing. Wim Wismans
(ICAR), Dr. Salah Galal (FAO) and Dr. Kamlesh Trivedi (NDDB) are greatly
appreciated. The organisers of the Workshop wish to thank in particular
the Swiss Agency for Development and Co-operation (SDC) and the
Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Co-operation (TCA) of the
Netherlands for their generous financial support without which the
participation of a large number of experts from the less developed countries
of the world would not have been possible. Dr. Cesare Mosconi is thanked
for his editorial and graphics works involved in producing the Proceedings.
Prof. Jean Boyazoglu
ICAR Secretary General
Workshop on Animal Recording
2
for Smallholders in Developing Countries
Foreword
In the 29th ICAR Session held in Ottawa, Canada, the ICAR decided to set
up a Task Force on ICAR Development Funds with an objective to further
the development of animal recording in the developing countries. Later,
the Task Force was constituted with a representative each from Latin
America, Africa, Asia and Europe and a representative from the FAO.
The Task Force initially carried out a survey on animal recording and
genetic evaluation in developing countries.
From the information received, it was found that a lot of work has been
done and a great deal of experience exists in Zimbabwe, India, Egypt,
Venezuela and other countries on animal recording. In the 30th ICAR
Session in The Netherlands, therefore, ICAR decided to organise a
workshop in India. A list of developing countries and organisations
involved in animal recording in developing countries was prepared and
the ICAR invited the concerned persons from these identified institutions
and requested them to prepare a paper on the current situation of animal
recording, the constraints that they are facing and the future possibilities
for improvement in their countries.
The workshop hosted by the National Dairy Development Board (NDDB)
of India was a unique event as it was the first time that a workshop was
organised on the aspect of animal recording in developing countries.
Delegates from more than 25 countries participated in the workshop.
Delegates shared experiences and discussed the ways in which recording
programmes could be established and sustained in developing countries.
Delegates also got an opportunity to visit some village co-operatives,
participate in a cattle show and see the integrated animal recording and
genetic evaluation programmes run by the NDDB.
The proceedings of this workshop will be a very useful document for
policy makers and people engaged in implementation of animal recording
programmes in developing countries.
Ir. Wim M. G. Wismans
Past President, ICAR
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Introduction
Animal recording organisations in developed countries have amply
demonstrated that the productivity of animals could be increased through
development of animal recording systems. The data collected by these
organisations is often used for a variety of purposes including estimation
of breeding values and selection of bulls and bull mothers to produce
bulls and replacement heifers, development of extension systems, making
national strategies for livestock development etc. Some of these
organisations have a very long history. They have constantly improved
their services through adoption of national and international quality control
measures.
A very few organisations in developing countries, however, have
established and sustained animal recording systems. Many social,
economical and environmental constraints that these countries face make
it difficult for them to develop and sustain animal recording systems. Many
even question the utility of developing animal recording systems for low-
to-medium input and high stressful production systems in developing
countries. They argue that the benefit derived from recording systems are
very marginal and not worth putting efforts they need. Some other
question the utility of information to smallholders who have just one or
two animals. This may be true for many developing countries, but there
are a few organisations in developing countries which have proved all
these wrong and demonstrated that development of animal recording
systems in developing countries could also be very rewarding. They could
lead to increase in productivity of animals. They could also provide very
valuable data for making national livestock development strategies.
Considering the fact that the development of animal recording system
can help many developing countries to increase productivity of their
animals, ICAR decided to organise a workshop at the National Dairy
Development Board, Anand and invited some scientists and practitioners
from the developing countries involved in animal recording and requested
them to prepare a status paper on animal recording in their countries.
Some 45 delegates from 25 countries participated in the workshop. For
many participants the interesting parts of the workshop were the group
discussions. During the workshop all participants were divided in three
working groups. Each group discussed a set of questions in three different
rounds covering all aspects of animal recording. The summary of
discussions of three rounds and the recommendations emerged from the
discussions are given at the end of the chapter on Summary and
Recommendations of the Workshop. The contribution as presented in these
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ICAR Technical Series - No 1
Preface
proceedings, I am sure, will provide very valuable information to
practitioners and policy makers concerned with livestock development in
the developing countries.
On behalf of ICAR, I would like to thank the NDDB for hosting this
workshop at Anand and in particular Dr. Kurien, Chairman, NDDB and
Dr. Amrita Patel, Managing Director, NDDB for their encouragement and
support. I would also like to thank my colleagues at the NDDB in particular
Mr. J S Patel, Mr. J P Patel and Dr. M Namjoshi who provided me all
support for successful organisation of the workshop.
ICAR is very grateful for the technical and generous financial support of
the Food and Agricultural Organisations of the United Nations (FAO)
and the financial support of the Interco-operation and the Swiss Agency
for Development and Co-operation, the Technical Centre for Agricultural
and Rural Co-operation, The Netherlands and the National Dairy
Development Board, Anand for the workshop. Thank you.
I am grateful to ICAR and especially Ir. Wim Wismans, President, ICAR
with whose initiative, support and encouragement, we could organise
this workshop.
I am also thankful to the Chairmen of the different sessions who kept
things moving during the workshop. I am also grateful to all participants
for preparing and presenting their papers and also for their participation
in all discussions.
Dr. Kamlesh R Trivedi
NDDB, Anand, India.
Member, ICAR Board.
Workshop on Animal Recording
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for Smallholders in Developing Countries