Helicobactor pylori: Basic Mechanisms to Clinical Cure 2002

522 Pages·2003·12.967 MB·English

by  A. Lee, J. L. O’Rourke (auth.), Prof. Richard H. Hunt, Prof. Guido N. J. Tytgat (eds.)

Helicobactor pylori
Basic Mechanisms to Clinical Cure 2002
Helicobactor pylori
Basic Mechanisms to Clinical Cure 2002
Edited by
Richard H. Hunt Guido N. J. Tytgat
Professor of Medicine Professor, Department of
Director, Division of Gastroenterology Gastroenterology and Hepatology
McMaster University Medical Centre Academic Medical Centre
1200 Main Street West 9 Meibergdreef
Hamilton, Ontario LBN 3Z5 11 05 AZ Amsterdam
Canada The Netherlands
The proceedings of a symposium organised by AXCAN PHARMA,
held in Maui, Hawaii, November 10-13, 2002
+
SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.
A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.
ISBN 978-90-481-5778-5 ISBN 978-94-017-1763-2 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-94-017-1763-2
Printed on acid:free paper
Ali Rights Reserved
© 2003 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 2003
No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or
utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,
recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission
from the copyright owners.
Contents
List of principal contributors ix
Foreword xxi
Section 1: The New Helicobacters
1 What are the new helicobacters?
A Lee and JL O'Rourke 3
2 Helicobacter hepaticus and Helicobacter bi/is:
proinflammatory modulators of enterohepatic disease
JG Fox 15
3 Epidemiology and postulated pathogenesis of liver and
biliary tract pathogenic Helicobacter species
A
T Wadstrom, SO Hynes and Ljungh 31
4 Evidence implicating Helicobacter spp. in the pathogenesis
of inflammatory bowel disease
C Streutker and K Croitoru 43
Section II: Strain Differences of Helicobacter pylori
5 The hierarchy of markers of virulence and disease
causation - useful or disappointing?
JG Kusters and AHM van Vliet 55
6 SHP-2 tyrosine phosphatase and the Helicobacter pylori
virulence factor GagA
M Asaka and M Hatakeyama 65
7 What is the exact role of Lewis antigens and autoantibodies
in Helicobacter pylori-related disease?
PB Ernst, K Ryan and JB Goldberg 73
8 Putative role of Helicobacter antigen in functional dyspepsia:
a conceptual model
P Bercik and S Collins 83
v
CONTENTS
9 Acid adaptation of Helicobacter pylori
DR Scott, EA Marcus, DL Weeks, G Sachs 89
1 0 Co-migration of Helicobacter pylori and humans:
the evolving story
Y Yamaoka and DY Graham 10 1
Section Ill: Helicobacter pylori and Gastritis -
The Ongoing Saga
11 Progress in our understanding of H. pylori infection and
gastritis
M Stolte, A Meining, S Miehlke and E Bayerdorffer 115
12 The role of pepsinogen assays as surrogate markers of
gastritis dynamics in population studies
P Sipponen, 0 Suovaniemi and M Harkonen 127
13 Multifocal Atrophic Gastritis (MAG) does not exist: new
finding based on sectioning the entire stomach
H EI-Zimaity 133
14 Multifocal Atrophic Gastritis (MAG) is real, and important
P Correa 143
15 Are there reliable non-invasive approaches to assessing
gastritis for epidemiologic studies?
C-J Tsai and J Parsonnet 149
16 Animal models of gastritis: Helicobacter pylori and high-salt
diet in the gerbil
IT Padol, M Sager and RH Hunt 161
Section IV: Helicobacter pylori and Gastric Malignancy
17 The evolving epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection
and gastric cancer
J-Q Huang and RH Hunt 171
18 Virulence of Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric cancer:
lessons from mouse models
TC Wang, JG Fox and J-M Houghton 1 77
19 The role of bacterial overgrowth in the stomach as an
additional risk factor for gastritis
G Naylor and A Axon 185
20 Role of ascorbate in gastric juice and the impact of
Helicobacter pylori infection
MJG Farthing, G Smith and Z-W Zhang 195
vi
CONTENTS
21 Mechanisms of injury: the effects of Helicobacter pylori on
cell cycle control
SF Moss 205
22 Role of interleukin-1 beta and other potential genetic
markers as indicators of gastric cancer risk
E Troost, GL Hold, M Smith, W-H Chow, CS Rabkin,
KEL McColl and EM E/-Omar 215
23 Results of intervention trials in Helicobacter pylori-infected
populations
0 Forman 225
24 Which lessons can be drawn from the study of Helicobacter
pylori related MALT lymphoma?
AC Wotherspoon 231
Section V: He/icobacter pylori and Clinical Issues
25 Helicobacter pylori eradication leads to gastro-oesophageal
reflux disease
J Labenz 243
26 Helicobacter pylori eradication does not lead to gastro-
oesophageal reflux disease
J Dent 253
27 Helicobacter pylori eradication in non-ulcer dyspepsia: the
case for
P Moayyedi 265
28 Helicobacter pylori eradication does not benefit non-ulcer
dyspepsia
L Laine 275
29 Helicobacter pylori and dyspepsia strategies - debate: Yes -
A test-and-treat strategy is a viable option in primary care
WAde Boer 283
30 A 'test-and-treat' strategy is obsolete in primary care
CWHowden 297
31 Helicobacter pylori should be eradicated in patients
receiving long-term acid suppression
EJ Kuipers 301
32 Helicobacter pylori eradication is not necessary before long-
term proton pump inhibitor treatment
JW Freston 311
vii
CONTENTS
33 Helicobacter pylori and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs: the debate is over
JJY Sung 319
Section VI: Ongoing Clinical Issues with Helicobacter pylori
Infection
34 What are the global response rates to Helicobacter pylori
eradication therapy?
C Nash, L Fischbach and S Veldhuyzen van Zanten 329
35 What is the Helicobacter pylori global reinfection rate?
J Parsonnet 339
36 Is it time for quadruple therapy to be first line?
L Laine 347
37 Eradication therapy should be different for dyspeptic
patients compared with ulcer patients
WAde Boer 353
38 Helicobacter pylori resistance to antibiotics: prevalence,
mechanism, detection. What's new?
F Megraud 363
39 Antibiotic sensitivities of Helicobacter pylori vary at different
gastric mucosal sites
TJ Borody, R Clancy, EF Warren, R Surace, S Brusentsev
and H Mitchell 373
40 Can the response to eradication therapy in Helicobacter
pylori infection be predicted?
R Clancy, T Borody, Z Ren and G Pang 383
41 What constitutes failure of H. pylori eradication therapy?
P Malfertheiner, U Peitz and G Treiber 391
42 How can the current strategies for eradication therapy be
improved?
A Ford and P Moayyedi 401
43 Novel targets for Helicobacter pylori eradication
G Sachs, Y Wen, D Weeks, EA Marcus and DR Scott 413
44 Helicobacter pylori management: how to improve the
therapeutic confusion in practice
NJ Talley 423
45 Ethical issues in the management of He/icobacter pylori
infection
A Axon 433
viii
CONTENTS
46 Are there geographic/regional differences in Helicobacter
pylori eradication?
N Vakil 439
Section VII: Global Consensus Update
47 Management of Helicobacter pylori infection - a review of
the available regional and national guidelines
S Sebastian, HJ O'Connor, MJ Buckley and CA O'Morain 447
48 Asia Pacific guidelines for the management of Helicobacter
pylori infection
NJ Talley 463
49 What is the impact of the regional guidelines? China
SOXiao 471
50 H. pylori infection: Clinical management from a European
perspective
P Malfertheiner 475
51 What is the impact of the regional guidelines? South
America
L Paula-Castro and LG Vaz Coelho 481
52 Guidelines for management of Helicobacter pylori infection
in the Middle East
S Nayal 487
53 Global consensus update for managing He/icobacter pylori
infection: critical issues from the United States
OA Peura 489
54 Guidelines in the management of Helicobacter pylori
infection in Japan
M Asaka 497
55 A proposal for future Helicobacter pylori eradication
guidelines
A Qasm, M Buckley, H O'Connor and C O'Morain 503
Section VIII: Priorities for Future Research
56 Priorities for future research: microbiology
A Lee, L Thompson and JL O'Rourke 515
57 Priorities for further research in Helicobacter pylori
management - the way forward
A Axon 523
Index 527
ix
List of Principal Contributors
M.ASAKA
Department of Gastroenterology & Hematology
Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine
Kita 15 Nishi 7, Kita-Ku
Sapporo, 060-0815
Japan
A.T.R.AXON
The Centre for Digestive Diseases
The General Infirmary at Leeds
190A - Clarendon Wing
Great George St
Leeds
LS1 3EX
UK
T.BORODY
Centre for Digestive Disease
144 Great North Rd
Five Dock 2046
Australia
R.CLANCY
Discipline of Immunology and Microbiology
Level 4
David Maddison Clinical Sciences Bldg
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences
Royal Newcastle Hospital
Newcastle, NSW 2300
Australia
xi