Handbook of Clinical Anesthesia

1148 Pages·2013·279.27 MB·English

by  P G Barash

S E V E N T H E D I T I O N
HANDBOOK OF
Clinical 
Anesthesia
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S E V E N T H E D I T I O N
HANDBOOK OF
Clinical 
Anesthesia
Paul G. Barash, md Michael K. Cahalan, md
Professor Professor and Chair
Department of Anesthesiology Department of Anesthesiology
School of Medicine School of Medicine
Yale University School of Medicine The University of Utah
Attending Anesthesiologist Salt Lake City, Utah
Yale-New Haven Hospital M. Christine Stock, md
New Haven, Connecticut
Professor and Chair
Bruce F. Cullen, md Department of Anesthesiology
Emeritus Professor Feinberg School of Medicine
Department of Anesthesiology Northwestern University
School of Medicine Chicago, Illinois
University of Washington Rafael Ortega, md
Seattle, Washington
Professor
Robert K. Stoelting, md Vice-Chairman of Academic Affairs
Emeritus Professor and Past Chair Department of Anesthesiology
Department of Anesthesia School of Medicine 
School of Medicine  Boston University
Indiana University Boston, Massachusetts
Indianapolis, Indiana
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Acquisitions Editor: Brian Brown
Managing Editor: Nicole Dernoski
Marketing Manager: Lisa Lawrence
Production Editor: Priscilla Crater
Senior Manufacturing Manager: Benjamin Rivera
Design Coordinator: Stephen Druding
Compositor: Aptara, Inc.
7th Edition
Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Two Commerce Square
2001 Market St.
Philadelphia, PA 19103
Copyright © 2009 by Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2006, 2001 by 
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Copyright © 1997 by Lippincott-Raven Publishers. Copyright © 
1993, 1991 by J.B. Lippincott Company. 
All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced 
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Printed in China
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Handbook of clinical anesthesia / [edited by] Paul G. Barash . . . [et al.]. — 7th ed.
  p. ; cm.
 Includes bibliographical references and index.
 Summary: “The Handbook of Clinical Anesthesia, Seventh Edition, is a companion to the parent 
textbook, Clinical Anesthesia, Seventh Edition. This widely acclaimed reference parallels the  
textbook and presents content in a concise outline format with additional appendices. The 
Handbook makes liberal use of tables, graphics, and clinical pearls, to enhance rapid access of  
the subject matter. This comprehensive, pocket-sized reference guides you through virtually every 
aspect of perioperative, intraoperative, and postoperative patient care.”—Provided by publisher.
 ISBN 978-1-4511-7615-5 (alk. paper)
 I. Barash, Paul G.  II. Clinical Anesthesia. 
 [DNLM: 1. Anesthesia—Handbooks.  2. Anesthetics—Handbooks.  WO 231]
 617.996–dc23   2012051809
  Care has been taken to confirm the accuracy of the information presented and to describe 
generally accepted practices. However, the authors, editors, and publisher are not responsible for 
errors or omissions or for any consequences from application of the information in this book and 
make no warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the currency, completeness, or accuracy 
of the contents of the publication. Application of this information in a particular situation 
remains the professional responsibility of the practitioner; the clinical treatments described and 
recommended may not be considered absolute and universal recommendations.
  The authors, editors, and publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection 
and dosage set forth in this text are in accordance with the current recommendations and prac-
tice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government 
regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the 
reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any change in indications and dosage 
and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended 
agent is a new or infrequently employed drug.
  Some drugs and medical devices presented in this publication have Food and Drug 
Administration (FDA) clearance for limited use in restricted research settings. It is the responsi-
bility of the health care provider to ascertain the FDA status of each drug or device planned for 
use in his or her clinical practice.
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FOR ALL StuDentS OF AneStheSiOLOGy
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C O N T R I B U T I N G A U T H O R S
The authors would like to gratefully acknowledge the efforts of the con-
tributors to the seventh edition of the textbook Clinical Anesthesia.
Saint Adeogba, MD Jan Ehrenwerth, MD
Shamsuddin Akhtar, MD John H. Eichhorn, MD
Michael L. Ault, MD, FCCP,  James B. Eisenkraft, MD
FCCM Matthew R. Eng, MD
Douglas R. Bacon, MD Alex S. Evers, MD
Gina C. Badescu, MD Ana Fernandez-Bustamante,  
Dalia Banks, MD, FASE MD, PhD
Honorio T. Benzon, MD* Lynne R. Ferrari, MD
Christopher M. Bernards Scott M. Fishman, MD
Marcelle E. Blessing, MD Lee A. Fleisher, MD
Michelle Y. Braunfeld, MD Michael A. Fowler, MD, MBA
Ferne R. Braveman, MD Kevin Friede, BA
Brenda Bucklin, MD J. Sean Funston, MD
Asokumar Buvanendran, MD Tong J. Gan, MD
Levon M. Capan, MD Steven Gayer, MD, MBA
Louanne M. Carabini, MD Kevin J. Gingrich, MD
C. Richard Chapman, PhD Kathryn E. Glas, MD, MBA
Amalia Cochran, MD Loreta Grecu, MD
Edmond Cohen, MD Jay S. Grider, DO, PhD
Christopher W. Connor, MD,  Dhanesh K. Gupta, MD
PhD Steven C. Hall, MD
C. Michael Crowder Matthew R. Hallman, MD
Marie Csete, MD, PhD Tara Hata, MD
Anthony Cunningham, MD J. Steven Hata, MD
Armagan Dagal, MD, FRCA Laurence M. Hausman, MD
Albert Dahan, MD Jeana E. Havidich, MD
Steven Deem, MD Thomas K. Henthorn, MD
Timothy R. Deer, MD Simon C. Hillier, MB, ChB
Stephen F. Dierdorf, MD Robert S. Holzman, MD
Karen B. Domino, MD, MPH Harriet W. Hopf, MD
François Donati, MD, PhD Terese T. Horlocker, MD
Michael B. Dorrough, MD Lucy S. Hostetter, MD
Randall O. Dull, MD, PhD Robert W. Hurley, MD, PhD
Thomas J. Ebert, MD, PhD Michael P. Hutchens, MD, MA
vii
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viii  Contributing Authors
Adam K. Jacob, MD Glenn Ramsey, MD
Girish P. Joshi, MBBS, MD,  Kevin T. Riutort, MD, MS
FFARCSI G. Alec Rooke, MD, PhD
John P. Kampine, MD, PhD Stanley H. Rosenbaum, MA, MD
Jonathan D. Katz, MD Meg A. Rosenblatt, MD
Sandra L. Kopp, MD William H. Rosenblatt, MD
Catherine Kuhn, MD Richard W. Rosenquist, MD
Arthur M. Lam, MD, FRCPC Aaron Sandler, MD, PhD
Jerrold Lerman, MD, FRCPC,  Barbara M. Scavone, MD
FANZCA Katie Schenning, MD, MPH
Jerrold H. Levy, MD, FAHA,  Jeffrey J. Schwartz, MD
FCCM Harry A. Seifert, MD, MSCE
Adam D. Lichtman, MD Aarti Sharma, MD
J. Lance Lichtor, MD Andrew Shaw, MB, FRCA, FCCM
Yi Lin, MD, PhD Benjamin Sherman, MD
Larry Lindenbaum, MD Nikolaos J. Skubas, MD, FASE
Spencer S. Liu, MD Todd J. Smaka, MD
David A. Lubarsky, MD, MBA Hugh M. Smith, MD
Stephen M. Macres, PharmD, MD Terry Smith, PhD
Gerard Manecke, MD Karen J. Souter, MB, BS, FRCA
Joseph P. Mathew, MD Bruce D. Spiess, MD, FAHA
Michael S. Mazurek, MD Mark Stafford-Smith, MD, CM, 
Kathryn E. McGoldrick, MD FRCP (C), FASE
Sanford M. Miller, MD Andrew F. Stasic, MD
Timothy E. Miller, MB, ChB,  Randolph H. Steadman, MD
FRCA David F. Stowe, MD, PhD
Peter G. Moore, MD, PhD Wariya Sukhupragarn, MD
Michael J. Murray, MD, PhD,  Santhanam Suresh, MD
FCCM, FCCP Christer H. Svensen, MD, PhD, 
Charles D. Nargozian, MD DEAA, MBA
Steven M. Neustein, MD Paul C. Tamul, DO
Marieke Niesters, MD Stephen J. Thomas, MD
Erik Olofsen, MSc Merriam Treggiari, MD
Charles W. Otto, MD, FCCM Ban C.H. Tsui, MSc, MD, 
Frank Overdyk, MD, FCCM FRCP(C)
Nathan Leon Pace, MD, Mstat J. Scott Walton, MD
Paul S. Pagel, MD, PhD Mary E. Warner, MD
Ben Julian Palanca, MD, PhD Denise J. Wedel, MD
Albert C. Perrino, Jr., MD Paul F. White, MD, PhD, 
Andrew J. Pittaway, FRCA FANZCA
Mihai V. Podgoreanu, MD Scott W. Wolf, MD
Wanda M. Popescu, MD Cynthia A. Wong, MD
Karen L. Posner, PhD James R. Zaidan, MD, MBA
Donald S. Prough, MD
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P R E F A C E
Welcome to the 7th Edition of the Handbook of Clinical Anesthesia. The
Handbook fulfills the requests of health care providers to have the
essential information contained in the parent textbook, Clinical
Anesthesia in a more ‘portable format’. Even with the advent of per-
sonal computers, smart phones and tablets, the Handbook continues
to have a vital role.
Dr. Robert Stoelting has shepherded the Handbook from its incep-
tion in 1991 to this, his final edition. Each of the Editors personally
thanks him for the time and effort and more importantly serving as our
role model.
This edition of the Handbook contains a new chapter on
Laparoscopic and Robotic Surgery. In addition, the Appendices on
Electrocardiography and Pacemakers/Implantable Defibrillators are
presented in a new graphic interface to improve reader comprehension
of these important subjects. Further, approximately twenty percent of
the Chapters are written by new contributors to the parent textbook.
We would like to acknowledge the contributors to the textbook
Clinical Anesthesia. Although the Handbook of Clinical Anesthesia is the
product of the editors, its chapters were developed from the expert
knowledge of the original contributors, reorganized and rewritten in a
style necessary for a text of this scope. We also thank our administrative
assistants—Gail Norup, Ruby Wilson, Deanna Walker, and Mary
Wynn. We would like to thank our editors at Lippincott Williams &
Wilkins-Wolters Kluwer, Brian Brown and Lisa McAllister, for their
commitment to excellence. Finally, we owe a debt of gratitude to Nicole
Dernoski—Managing Editor at LWW, Chris Miller—Production
Manager at Aptara, Lisa Lawrence—Marketing Manager at LWW
whose day-to-day management of this endeavor resulted in a publica-
tion that exceeded the Editor’s expectations.
Paul G. Barash MD
Bruce F. Cullen MD
Robert K. Stoelting MD
Michael K. Cahalan MD
M. Christine Stock MD
Rafael Ortega, MD
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