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UNDERS COMPANY
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DEMCO INC 38-2931
CHURCHILLLIVINGSTONE
Medical Division ofLongman Group Limited
© Longman Group Ltd. 1980
Exclusive distribution in United States ofAmerica granted to
W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia.
ISBN 072169128 5
Library' ofCongress CatalogCard Number 80-52146
All rights reserved. Nopartofthis publicationmay be reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system, ortransmitted, in any formorbyany
means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recordingorotherwise,
without the priorpermission ofthecopyright owner.
Thirty-fifthedition 1973
Thirty-sixthedition 1980
Reprinted 1984
Reprinted 1986
Printed in Great Britain by Jarrold and Sons Ltd, Norwich
GRAY'S
ANATOMY
1
36th
Edition
EDITED BY
PETER WILLIAMS & ROGER WARWICK
L.
D.Sc, M.A., MB., B.Chir. B.Sc, Ph.D., M.D.
PROFESSORS OF ANATOMY
GUY'S HOSPITAL MEDICAL SCHOOL, UNIVERSITY OF LONDON
Associate Editors
MARY DYSON, b.sc, ph.d. & LAWRENCE H. BANNISTER, b.sc, ph.d.
With the Assistance ofour Colleagues
RICHARD E. M. MOORE, D.F.A., M.M.A.A., F.R.S.A.—Illustrations
JENNIFER HALSTEAD, M.M.A.A.—Illustrations
MICHAEL C. E. HUTCHINSON, M.B., B.S., B.D.S.—SpecialPreparations
JEFFREYW. OSBORN, B.D.S.,Ph.D., F.D.S.R.C.S.—DentalAnatomy
SUSAN M. STANDRING, B.Sc, Ph.D.—Bibliography
E. LOWELL REES, M.B., B.S.—Index
SAUNDERS COMPANY
W. B.
PHILADELPHIA
CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE
EDINBURGH LONDON MELBOURNE AND NEW YORK
1980
Sausalito Public Library
836
AND
PREVIOUS EDITIONS EDITORS
FirstEdition 1858 Twenty-eighthEdition 1942
SecondEdition 1860 NewImpression 1944
ByHENRYGRAY,F.R.S.,F.R.C.S. NewImpression 1945
Twenty-ninthEdition 1946
St. George'sHospital NewImpression 1947
ThirtiethEdition 1949 (CompletelyReset)
NewImpression 1950
Thirty-firstEdition 1954
ThirdEdition 1863 NewImpression 1956
FourthEdition 1865 By T. B.JOHNSTON,C.B.E.,M.D.
FifthEdition 1869 andJ. WHILLIS,M.D.,M.S.
SixthEdition 1872 Guy'sHospitalMedicalSchool
SeventhEdition 1875 UniversityofLondon
EighthEdition 1877
NinthEdition 1880
By TIMOTHYHOLMES,M.A.,F.R.C.S. Thirty-secNoenwd(ICmepnretsesniaorny)i9E6d0ition 1958
St. George'sHospital
By T.B.JOHNSTON,C.B.E.,M.D.
UniversityofLondon
D. V.DAVIES,M.A.(Cantab.),M.B.,B.S.
UniversityofLondon
TenthEdition 1883 andF.DAVIES,M.D.,D.Sc.(Lond),F.R.C.S.
EleventhEdition 1887
UniversityofSheffield
TwelfthEdition 1890
ThirteenthEdition 1893
FourteenthEdition 1897 Thirty-thirdEdition 1962
ByT.PICKERINGPICK,F.R.C.S. New Impression 1964
St. George'sHospital ByD. V.DAVIES,
D.ScJLond.),M.A.fCantab.),M.B.,B.S.,F.R.C.S.
UniversityofLondon
andF.DAVIES,M.D.,D.Sc.(Lond.),F.R.C.S.
UniversityofSheffield
FifteenthEdition 1901
SixteenthEdition 1905
By T.PICKERINGPICK,F.R.C.S. Thirty-fourthEdition 1967
St. George'sHospital ByD. V. DAVIES,
andR. HOWDEN,M.A.,M.B.,CM.,D.Sc,LL.D. D.Sc.fLond.),M.A.fCantab.),M.B.,B.S.,F.R.C.S.
UniversityofDurham St. Thomas'sHospitalMedicalScliool
UniversityofLondon
Thirty-fifthEdition 1973 (CompletelyReset)
SeventeenthEdition 1909 NewImpressions 1975, J978
EighteenthEdition 191 ByROGER WARWICK,B.Sc,Ph.D.,M.D.
NineteenthEdition 191 ProfessorofAnatomy
TwentiethEdition 191
Guy'sHospitalMedicalSchool
Twenty-firstEdition 1920 UniversityofLondon
Twenty-secondEdition 1923 andPETERL. WILLIAMS,D.Sc,M.A.,M.B.,B.Chir.
Twenty-thirdEdition 1926
ProfessorofAnatomy
ByR. HOWDEN,M.A.,M.B. CM.,D.Sc,LL.D. Guy'sHospitalMedicalSchool
UniversityofDurham UniversityofLondon
Thirty-sixthEdition 1980(CompletelyReset)
ByPETERL. WILLIAMS,D.Sc,M.A.,MB.,B.Chir.
Twenty-fourthEdition 1930 ProfessorofAnatomy
Twenty-fifthEdition 1932 Guy'sHospitalMedicalSchool
Twenty-sixthEdition 1935 I niversityofLondon
Twenty-seventhEdition 1938 andROGER WARWICK,B.Sc,Ph.D.,M.D.
By T.B.JOHNSTON,C.B.E.,M.D. ProfessorofAnatomy
Guy'sHospitalMedicalSchool Guy'sHospitalMedicalSchool
UniversityofLondon UniversityofLondon
Henry Gray, 1858-1860, seenhere in the DissectingRoom
ofSt. George's Hospital i860
J. Whillis 1942-1954 Francis Davies 1958-1962
D V. Davies 1958-146"
