Grabb and Smith’s plastic surgery

1030 Pages·2014·2.14 MB·English

by  Kevin C.

GRABB AND SMITH'S
PLASTIC SURGERY
Seventh Edition

GRABB AND SMITH'S
PLASTIC SURGERY
Seventh Edition
Editor-in-Chief
Charles H. Thorne, MD
Associate Professor of Plastic Surgery
NYU Medical Center
New York, New York
Editors
Kevin C. Chung, MD, MS Babak J. Mehrara, MD
Charles B. G. de Nancrede Professor of Surgery Associate Attending, Department of Surgery
Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery Associate Professor of Surgery
Assistant Dean for Faculty Affairs Weill Cornell University Medical Center
Associate Director of Global REACH New York, New York
University of Michigan Medical School
Ann Arbor, Michigan J. Peter Rubin, MD
UPMC Endowed Professor and Chair, Department of
Arun K. Gosain, MD
Plastic Surgery
Division Head, Plastic Surgery Professor of Bioengineering
Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago Director, Life After Weight Loss Body Contouring
Professor of Plastic Surgery Program
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh and UPMC
Chicago, Illinois Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Geoffrey C. Gurtner, MD ScoH l. Spear, MD
Professor, Department of Surgery Professor, Department of Plastic Surgery
Stanford University School of Medicine Georgetown University Medical Center
Stanford, California Washington, District of Columbia
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6th edition ©2007 by Lippincott Williams & Wllkins, a Wolters Kluwer business
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10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Grabb and Smith's plastic surgery.-Seventh edition I editor-in-chief, Charles H. Thome; editors,
Kevin C. Chung, Arun Gosain, Geoffrey C. Gurtner, Babak Joseph Mehrara, J. Peter Rubin, Scott
L. Spear.
p.;cm.
Plastic surgery
Preceded by Grabb and Smith's plastic surgery I editor-in-chief, Charles H. Thorne ... [et al.] ;
editors Robert W. Beasley ... [et al.]. 6th ed. 2007.
Includes bibliographical rekrences and index.
ISBN 978-1-4511-0955-9
I. Thorne, Charles, 1952-editor of compilation. II. Chung, Kevin C., editor of compilation. III.
Gosain, Arun, editor of compilation. IV. Guntner, Geoffrey C., editor of compilation. V. Mehrara,
Babak Joseph, editor of compilation. VI. Title: Plastic surgery.
[DNLM: 1. Reconstructive Surgical Procedures. 2. Cosmetic Techniques. 3. Surgery, Plastic.
W0600]
RD118
617.9'5-dc23
2013017779
Care has been taken to confirm the accuracy of the information presented and to describe
generally accepted practices. However, the authors, editors, and publisher are not responsible for
errors or omissions or for any consequences from application of the information in this book and
make no warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the currency, completeness, or accuracy
of the contents of the publication. Application of the information in a particular situation remains
the professional responsibility of the practitioner.
The authors, editors, and publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection
and dosage set forth in this text are in accordance with current recommendations and practice at
the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations,
and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is
urged to check the package insert for each drug for any change in indications and dosage and for
added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a
new or infrequently employed drug.
Some drugs and medical devices presented in the publication have Food and Drug
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To our patients who have inspired, humbled, frustrated,
and taught us, and without whom this book
would have no reason to exist.
--Charles H. Thorne, MD
David M. Adelman, MD, PhD Scott P. Bartlett, MD
Assistant Profeuor ProkNo;Dep~mt~S~ery
Department of Plastic Surgery Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Chief, Division of Plastic Surgery
Houston, 'Thxas Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Philadelphia, PeMsylvaoia
Jamil Ahmad, MD
Fritz E. Bart.n, Jr., MD
Staff Plastic Surgeon
The Plastic Surgery Clinic ProkNo; Plastic Surgery
Mississauga, Ontario Univeraity of Texas Soutlrwestun Medical Center
Dallas, Texas
AIS. Aly, MD
Nichalas Bastidas, MD
Profeuor
Ae&thet.ic & Plastic Surgery Institute Attmding Physician
Univeraity of California Irvine North Shore-Uj Health System
Orange, California New York, New York
Katerina Anuli, MD, MRCS Bruce S. Iauer, MD
CliDical Fellow CliDical Professor of Surgery, Plastic Surgery
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery University ~Chicago, Pritzker School ~Medicine
Guy's and StThomas' NHS Trust Chicago, Dlinois
London, United KiDgdom Chief, Division of Plastic and ~tructive Surgery
North Shore University Health System
Mark W. Ashtan, MD
Highland Park, Illinois
Head, Rb::oD.Structive Plastic Surgery
Michael S. leckenstein, MD
Royal Melbourne Hospital
Victoria, Australia Alabama Breast Surgery Center
Binninglwn, Alabama
Christapher E. Allinger, MD
Keith M. Blechman, MD
Profe.ooor, Department of Plastic Surgery
Georgetown University Chief R.esidmt
Washington, District of Columbia Institute for Reconstructive Plastic Surgery
New York University School of Medicine
Kocli Azari, MD
New York, New York
Associate Professor
George C. Bahle Ill, DDS
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Division of
Plastic Surgery Implant & Proslhodontic Associates
David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
Los Angeles, California
James P. Bradley, MD
Sl8phen B. Baker, MD, DDS
ProkNo; Sarnat Chair
Profe.ooor and Program Director Division of Plastic Surgery
Department of Plastic Surgery University of California, Los Angeles
Georgetown University Hospibll Los Angeles, California
Washington, District of Columbia
Gerald lrandacher, MD
Co-Director
Craniofacial Anomalies Program Associate Professor
INOVA Fairfax Hospital for Children Depattment ~Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
Falls Church, Vuginia Johns Hopkins University School ~Medicine
Baltimore, Maryland
Karim Bakri, MD
Danald W. luck II, MD
Chief Resident
Division of Plastic S~y Division of Plastic & R«onstructive Surgery
Mayo Clinic Nortlrwestun University
Rochester, Minnesota Chicago, Dlinois
Contributing Authors Vll
Louis P. Bucky, MD Daniel J. Ceradini, MD
Clinical Professor Assistant Professor
Department of Surgery Department of Plastic Surgery
University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine New York University School of Medicine
Chief of Plastic Surgery Chief of Plastic Surgery
Pennsylvania Hospital Manhattan Veterans Administration Hospital
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania New York, New York
Due T. Bui, MD Beniamin Chang, MD
Associate Professor of Surgery Associate Professor of Clinical Surgery
Department of Surgery Division of Plastic Surgery
Director, Reconstructive Breast Surgery The Perelman School of Medicine at the University
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of Pennsylvania
Stony Brook School of Medicine Attending Surgeon
Stony Brook, New York Division of Plastic Surgery
The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Renee M. Burke, MD
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Plastic Surgeon
James Chang, MD
Department of Surgery
Good Shepherd Hospital Professor, Departments of Surgery (Plastic Surgery)
Barrington, Illinois & Orthopaedic Surgery
Plastic Surgeon Stanford University Medical Center
Chicago Aesthetic Surgery Institute Chief, Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery
Rosemont, lllinois Stanford University Medical Center
Palo Alto, California
Mary C. Burns, OTR/1., CHT
Johnny T. Chang, MD, MSME
Assistant Professor
Department of Surgery Division of Plastic Surgery
Southern Illinois University School of Medicine Brown Medical School
Certified Hand Therapist Providence, Rhode Island
Division of Plastic Surgery
Southern Dlinois University School of Medicine Hand Therapy Center David W. Chang, MD
Springfield, Illinois Professor, Department of Plastic Surgery
M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
Chartes E. Butler, MD
Houston, Texas
Professor with Tenure
Department of Plastic Surgery Harvey Chim, MBBS
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Chief Resident, Plastic Surgery
Houston, Texas Case School of Medicine
Cleveland, Ohio
Dominick Cannavo, MD
New York, New York Manhew S.S. Choi, MD
Associate Professor of Plastic Surgery
Joseph N. Carey, MD
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
Assistant Professor Hanyang University College of Medicine
Division of Plastic Surgery Seoul, South Korea
University of Southern California Chief, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
Chief, Plastic Surgery Hanyang University Guri Hospital
LAC + USC Medical Center Guri, Gyunggi-do, South Korea
Los Angeles, California
J. Guilherme Christiano, MD
Brian T. Carlsen, MD
Assistant Professor
Assistant Professor Division of Plastic Surgery
Division of Plastic Surgery, Division of Hand Surgery University of Rochester
Mayo Clinic Rochester, New York
Rochester, Minnesota
Kevin C. Chung, MD, MS
Grant W. Cartson, MD
Charles B. G. de Nancrede Professor of Surgery
Professor of Surgery Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery
Emory University Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery
Wadley R. Glenn Professor of Surgery, Chief of the Division of Assistant Dean for Faculty Affairs
Plastic Surgery Associate Director of Global REACH
Emory University Hospital University of Michigan Medical School
Atlanta, Georgia Ann Arbor, Michigan
vw Contributing Authors
Mark W. Clemens, MD MaHhias B. Donelan, MD
~s~tantPro~sor Chief, Plastic Surgery
Department of Plastic Surgery Department of Surgery
MD Anderson Cancer Center Shriners Hospitals for Children-Boston
Houston, Texas ~sociate Clinical Professor of Surgery
Harvard Combined Plastic Surgery Residency
Mark A. Codner, MD
Training Program
~s~tantPro~sor Harvard Medical School
Department of Plastic Surgery Boston, Massachusetts
Emory University
Susan E. Downey, MD
Atlanta, Georgia
~sociate Clinical Professor
Stephen H. Colbert, MD
Department of Surgery (Plastic)
~s~tantPro~sor I<eck University of Southern California School of Medicine
Department of Surgery Los Angeles, California
University of Missouri
Head, Hand & Microsurgery Gregory A. Dumanian, MD
Division of Plastic Surgery Professor of Surgery
University of Missouri Health Care Division of Plastic: Surgery
Columbia, Missouri Chief of Plastic: Surgery
Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine
Damon S. Cooney, MD, PhD
Chicago, lllinois
~s~tant Professor of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Anthony Echo, MD
Baltimore, Maryland dinical Instructor
Peter G. Cordeiro, MD Division of Plastic Surgery
Stanford University Medical Center
Chief, Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Palo Alto, California
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
New York, New York Cherry L. Estilo, DMD
Russell J. CorleH, MD Associate Attending
Department of Surgery
Jack Brockhoff Reconstructive Plastic Surgery
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
Research Unit
Assistant Attending
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology
Department of Surgery
University of Melbourne
New York Presbyterian Hospital/Cornell
Melbourne, Australia
New York, New York
Catherine M. Curtin, MD
Derek Flekher, MD
Staff Physician
Resident, Plastic Surgery
Department of Surgery
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Palo Alto Veterans Hospital
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
~mtant Professor
Division of Plastic Surgery Robert D. Galiano, MD
Stanford University
Assistant Professor
Palo Alto, California
Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery
Daniel Alexander Del Vecchio, MD, MBA Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
Chicago, lllinois
~sociate Clinical Staff
Department of Surgery Mary K. Gingrass, MD
Massachusetts General Hospital
Assistant Clinical Professor
Boston, Massachusetts
Department of Plastic Surgery
Christopher A. Derderian, MD Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
Nashville, Tennessee
~mtant Professor
Department of Plastic Surgery
Chad R. Gordon, DO
UT Southwestern Medical Center
Pediatric and Craniofacial Surgery Assistant Professor
Children's Medical Center Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Dallas, Texas dinical Director, Face Transplant Program
The Johns Hopkins Hospital
Joseph J. Disa, MD Baltimore, Maryland
Attending Physician
Arun K. Gosain, MD
Department of Surgery
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center Division Head, Plastic Surgery
Pro~sor of Surgery Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago
Department of Surgery Professor of Plastic: Surgery
Wiell Cornell College of Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
New York, New York Chicago, lllinois