Fundamentals of Automotive and Engine Technology: Standard Drives, Hybrid Drives, Brakes, Safety Systems

286 Pages·2014·8.934 MB·English

by  Konrad Reif (eds.)

Bosch Professional Automotive
Information
Konrad Reif Ed.
Fundamentals of
Automotive and
Engine Technology
Standard Drives · Hybrid Drives ·
Brakes · Safety Systems
Bosch Professional Automotive Information
Bosch Professional Automotive Information is a definitive reference for
automotive engineers. The series is compiled by one of the world´s largest
automotive equipment suppliers. All topics are covered in a concise but
descriptive way backed up by diagrams, graphs, photographs and tables
enabling the reader to better comprehend the subject.
There is now greater detail on electronics and their application in the motor
vehicle, including electrical energy management (EEM) and discusses the
topic of intersystem networking within vehicle. The series will benefit
automotive engineers and design engineers, automotive technicians in
training and mechanics and technicians in garages.
Konrad Reif
Editor
Fundamentals of
Automotive and Engine
Technology
Standard Drives, Hybrid Drives, Brakes,
Safety Systems
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Konrad Reif
Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg
Friedrichshafen, Germany
[email protected]
ISBN978-3-658-03971-4 ISBN978-3-658-03972-1(eBook)
DOI10.1007/978-3-658-03972-1
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2014942447
SpringerVieweg
©SpringerFachmedienWiesbaden2014
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Foreword V
▶ Foreword
Hybrid drives and the operation of hybrid vehicles are characteristic of contemporary
automotive technology. Together with the electronic driver assistant systems, hybrid
technology is of the greatest importance and both cannot be ignored by today’s car
drivers. This technical reference book provides the reader with a firsthand compre-
hensive description of significant components of automotive technology. All texts are
complemented by numerous detailed illustrations.
Complex technology of modern motor vehicles and increasing functions need a
reliable source of information to understand the components or systems. The rapid
and secure access to these informations in the field of Automotive Electrics and
Electronics provides the book in the series “Bosch Professional Automotive Informa-
tion” which contains necessary fundamentals, data and explanations clearly, system-
atically, currently and application-oriented. The series is intended for automotive
professionals in practice and study which need to understand issues in their area of
work. It provides simultaneously the theoretical tools for understanding as well as
the applications.
VI Contents
▶ Contents
2 History of the automobile 78 Transmissions for Motor Vehicles
2 Development history 78 Transmission in the Drivetrain
4 Pioneers of automotive technology 80 Transmission Requirements
6 Robert Bosch’s life’s work (1861–1942) 81 Manual Transmission
82 Automated Shift Transmission (AST)
8 History of the diesel engine 86 Dual-Clutch Transmission (DCT)
9 Rudolf Diesel 88 Automatic Transmission (AT)
10 Mixture formation in the first 96 Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT)
diesel engines 102 Toroid Transmission
11 Use of the first vehicle diesel engines
14 Bosch diesel fuel injection 104 Motor-vehicle safety
104 Safety systems
18 Areas of use for diesel engines 106 Basics of vehicle operation
18 Suitability criteria
18 Applications 114 Basic principles of vehicle dynamics
21 Engine characteristic data 114 Tires
117 Forces acting on a vehicle
22 Basic principles of the diesel engine 124 Dynamics of linear motion
22 Method of operation 126 Dynamics of lateral motion
25 Torque and power output 128 Definitions
26 Engine efficiency
29 Operating statuses 130 Car braking systems
33 Operating conditions 130 Overview
35 Fuel-injection system 132 History of the brake
36 Combustion chambers 138 Classification of car braking systems
140 Components of a car braking system
40 Basic principles of diesel fuel injection 141 Brake-circuit configuration
40 Mixture distribution
42 Fuel-injection parameters 142 Vehicle electrical systems
51 Nozzle and nozzle holder designs 142 Electrical energy supply in the
passenger car
52 Basics of the gasoline (SI) engine 146 Electrical energy management
52 Method of operation 148 Two-battery vehicle electrical system
56 Cylinder charge 149 Vehicle electrical systems for commercial
60 Torque and power vehicles
62 Engine efficiency 152 Wiring harnesses
64 Specific fuel consumption 154 Plug-in connections
66 Combustion knock
158 Overview of electrical and electronic
68 Inductive ignition system systems in the vehicle
68 Design 158 Overview
69 Function and method of operation
71 Ignition parameters 161 Control of gasoline engines
75 Voltage distribution
76 Ignition driver stage 172 Control of Diesel engines
77 Connecting devices and interference
suppressors 180 Lighting technology
Contents VVIIII
194 Electronic stability program 240 Regenerative braking system
240 Strategies of regenerative braking
202 Adaptive cruise control
244 Workshop technology
210 Occupant-protection systems 244 Workshop business
248 Diagnostics in the workshop
218 Hybrid drives 250 Testing equipment
218 Principle 252 Brake testing
219 Operating modes 258 Fuel-injection pump test benches
221 Start/stop function 260 Testing in-line fuel-injection pumps
222 Degrees of hybridization 264 Testing helix and portcontrolled distributor
224 Drive configurations injection pumps
268 Nozzle tests
231 Operation of hybrid vehicles
231 Hybrid control 270 Index
232 Operating strategies for hybrid vehicles
234 Operating-point optimization
237 Design of the internalcombustion engine
VIII Authors
▶ Authors
History of the automobile Overview of electrical and electronic systems
Dipl.-Ing. Karl-Heinz Dietsche in the vehicle, Control of gasoline engines,
Dietrich Kuhlgatz Control of Diesel engines, Lighting technology,
Electronic stability program (ESP), Adaptive
History of the diesel engine cruise control (ACC), Occupant-protection
Dipl.-Ing. Karl-Heinz Dietsche systems
Dipl.-Ing. Bernhard Mencher,
Areas of use for diesel engines Dipl.-Ing. (BA) Ferdinand Reiter,
Dipl.-Ing. Joachim Lackner, Dipl.-Ing. Andreas Glaser,
Dr.-Ing. Herbert Schumacher, Dipl.-Ing. Walter Gollin,
Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Hermann Gries haber. Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Klaus Lerchenmüller,
Dipl.-Ing. Felix Landhäußer,
Basic principles of the diesel engine Dipl.-Ing. Doris Boebel, Automotive Lighting
Dr.-Ing. Thorsten Raatz, Reutlingen GmbH,
Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Hermann Gries haber. Dr.-Ing. Michael Hamm, Automotive Lighting
Reutlingen GmbH,
Basic principles of diesel fuel injection Dipl.-Ing. Tilman Spingler, Automotive Lighting
Dipl.-Ing. Jens Olaf Stein, Reutlingen GmbH,
Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Hermann Gries haber. Dr.-Ing. Frank Niewels,
Dipl.-Ing. Thomas Ehret,
Basics of the gasoline (SI) engine Dr.-Ing. Gero Nenninger,
Dr. rer. nat. Dirk Hofmann, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Peter Knoll,
Dipl.-Ing. Bernhard Mencher, Dr. rer. nat. Alfred Kutten berger.
Dipl.-Ing. Werner Häming,
Dipl.-Ing. Werner Hess. Hybrid drives
Dipl.-Ing. Michael Bildstein,
Inductive ignition system Dr.-Ing. Karsten Mann,
Dipl.-Ing. Walter Gollin. Dr.-Ing. Boyke Richter.
Transmissions for Motor Vehicles Operation of hybrid vehicles
D. Grauman, Regenerative braking system
Dipl.-Ing. T. Laux, Strategies of regenerative braking
Dipl.-Ing. T. Müller. Dipl.-Ing. Michael Bildstein,
Dr.-Ing. Karsten Mann,
Motor-vehicle safety Dr.-Ing. Boyke Richter.
Dipl.-Ing. Friedrich Kost.
Workshop technology
Basic principles of vehicle dynamics Dipl.-Wirtsch.-Ing. Stephan Sohnle,
Dipl.-Ing. Friedrich Kost. Dipl.-Ing. Rainer Rehage,
Rainer Heinzmann,
Car braking systems Rolf Wörner,
Dipl.-Ing. Wulf Post. Günter Mauderer,
Hans Binder.
Vehicle electrical systems
Dipl.-Ing. Clemens Schmucker, and the editorial team in cooperation with the
Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Hartmut Wanner, responsible in-house specialist departments of
Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Wolfgang Kircher, Robert Bosch GmbH.
Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Werner Hofmeister, Unless otherwise stated, the authors are all
Dipl.-Ing. Andreas Simmel. employees of Robert Bosch GmbH.
Basics