Fields Virology (Knipe, Fields Virology)-2 Volume Set)

2582 Pages·2013·119.91 MB·English

by  David M. Knipe

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VOLUME I

F I E L D S
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Virology
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S I X T H E D I T I O N
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VOLUME I
F I E L D S
Virology
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S I X T H E D I T I O N i
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EDITORS-IN-CHIEF
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David M. Knipe, PhD Peter M. Howley, MD
Higgins Professor of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics Shattuck Professor of Pathological Anatomy
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Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology
Chair, Harvard Program in Virology Harvard Medical School
Harvard Medical School iBoston, Massachusetts
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ASSOCIATE EDITORS
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Jeffrey I. Cohen, MD Diane E. Griffin, MD, PhD Robert A. Lamb, PhD, ScD
Chief Professor and Chair John Evans Professor of Molecular and
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Laboratory of Infectious Diseases W. Harry Feinstone Department Cellular Biology
National Institute of Allergy and of Molecular Microbiology and Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical
Infectious Diseases . Immunology Institute
National Institutes of Healtph Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Department of Molecular Biosciences
Bethesda, Maryland Public Health Northwestern University
Baltimore, Maryland Evanston, Illinois
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Malcolm A. Martin, MD Vincent R. Racaniello, PhD Bernard Roizman, ScD
Chief Higgins Professor Joseph Regenstein Distinguished Service
Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology Department of Microbiology and Professor
Division of Intramural Research Immunology Departments of Microbiology and
National Institute of Allergy and Columbia University Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology
Infectious Diseases College of Physicians and Surgeons University of Chicago
National Institutes of Health New York, New York Chicago, Illinois
Bethesda, Maryland
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Acquisitions Editor: Julie Goolsby
Product Manager: Tom Gibbons
Project Manager: David Saltzberg
Manufacturing Manager: Beth Welsh
Marketing Manager: Kimberly Schonberger
Design Coordinator: Steve Druding
Production Service: Aptara, Inc.
© 2013 by LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, a WOLTERS KLUWER business
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© 2007, 2001 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, a Wolters Kluwer business. All rights reserved. This
book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any means,
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reviews. Materials appearing in this book prepared by individuals as part of their oficial duties as U.S.
government employees are not covered by the above-mentioned copyright.
Printed in China
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Fields virology/editors-in-chief, David M. Knipe, Peter M. Howley. – 6th ed.
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-13: 978-1-4511-0563-6 (alk. paper)
ISBN-10: 1-4511-0563-0
I. Fields, Bernard N. II. Knipe, David M. (David Mahan), 1950- III. Howley, Peter M.
[DNLM: 1. Viruses. 2. Virus Diseases. QW 160]
QR360
616.99101–dc23
2013003842
Care has been taken to conirm the accuracy of the information presented and to describe generally
accepted practices. However, the authors, editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors or
omissions or for any consequences from application of the information in this book and make no
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The authors, editors, and publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and
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Stephen E. Straus, 1946–2007
Steve Straus was the consummate physician–scientist with broad interests in the basic science and
clinical aspects of viral and immunological diseases and therefore was an ideal person to serve as
clinical virology editor for Fields Virology. We were fortunate to work with him in his role as associate
editor for the third through ifth editions of Fields Virology. However, unfortunately, with Steve’s
premature death in 2007, we lost our friend, colleague, and fellow editor. Steve’s medical training and
accomplishments are detailed elsewhere ( J Infect Dis 2007;196:963–964). His research interests were
broad and included the molecular biology and pathogenesis of varicella-zoster and herpes simplex
viruses, acyclovir suppression of oral and genital herpes simples viruses, antiviral drug resistance,
clinical testing of herpes simplex virus and varicella zoster virus vaccines, chronic active Epstein–Barr
virus, chronic fatigue syndrome, and autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome. Steve was one of
the leading scientists in the National Institutes of Health intramural program, serving as chief of the
Laboratory of Clinical Investigation at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and
the founding director of the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine.
Steve cowrote the chapter on varicella zoster virus, and additionally worked effectively as an associate
editor, for the third to ifth editions of Fields Virology. He seemed to read and edit the chapters
immediately upon their submission, amazing us with his ability to do all of this on top of his other
responsibilities. Steve was diagnosed with brain cancer in 2004 but insisted on editing chapters for
the ifth edition right through the compiling of the chapters. The book was published in early 2007,
not long before his death in May 2007.
On behalf of everyone who contributed to the sixth edition of Fields Virology, we dedicate this book
to the memory of Stephen E. Straus, MD.
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C O N T R I B U T O R S
Carlos F. Arias, MD Michael J. Buchmeier, PhD
Professor Deputy Director
Department of Developmental Genetics and Pacific Southwest Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases
Molecular Physiology Professor
Instituto de Biotecnologia Division of Infectious Disease
Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Professor
Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry
University of California, Irvine
Ann M. Arvin, MD, PhD Irvine, California
Lucile Salter Packard Professor
Dennis R. Burton, PhD
Departments of Pediatrics and Microbiology
Professor
and Immunology
Department of Immunology and Microbial Science
Stanford University School of Medicine
Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Disccovery
Stanford, California
and IAVI Neutralizing Consortium
Scripps Research Institute
Justin R. Bailey, MD, PhD La Jolla, California
Assistant Professor
Department of Medicine Kathryn M. Carbone, MD
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Deputy Scientific Director
Baltimore, Maryland Division of Intramural Research
National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research
National Institutes of Health
Arnold J. Berk, MD
Bethesda, Maryland
Professor and UCLA Presidential Chair in Molecular
Cell Biology Ethel Cesarman, MD, PhD
Molecular Biology Institute Professor
Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Molecular Genetics Weill Cornell Medical College
University of California, Los Angeles New York, New York
Los Angeles, California
Donald M. Coen, PhD
Kenneth I. Berns, MD, PhD Professor
Distinguished Professor Emeritus Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology
Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology Harvard Medical School
University of Florida College of Medicine Boston, Massachusetts
Gainesville, Florida
Jeffrey I. Cohen, MD
Chief
Thomas J. Braciale, MD, PhD Laboratory of Infectious Diseases
Beirne B. Carter Professor in Immunology National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Director, Carter Immunology Center National Institutes of Health
Professor of Pathology and Molecular Medicine Bethesda, Maryland
Professor of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology
University of Virginia School of Medicine Peter L. Collins, PhD
Charlottesville, Virginia Chief
RNA Viruses Section
Thomas Briese, PhD Laboratory of Infectious Diseases
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Associate Professor
National Institutes of Health
Department of Epidemiology
Bethesda, Maryland
Associate Director
Center for Infection and Immunity Philippe Colson, PharmD, PhD
Mailman School of Public Health
Associate Professor
Columbia University
URMITE UM 63 CNRS 7278 IRD 198 INSERM U1095
New York, New York
Aix-Marseille Université
Facultés de Médecine et de Pharmacie
Christopher C. Broder, PhD Pôle des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Clinique et Biologique
Professor and Emerging Infectious Diseases Fédération de Bactériologie-Hygiène-Virologie
Graduate Program Director IHU Méditerranée Infection
Department of Microbiology and Immunology Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Timone, Assistance
Uniformed Services University Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille
Bethesda, Maryland Marseille, France
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viii CONTRIBUTORS
Richard C. Condit, PhD John H. Elder, PhD
Professor Professor
Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology Department of Immunology and Microbial Science
University of Florida The Scripps Research Institute
Gainesville, Florida La Jolla, California
James E. Crowe Jr., MD Richard M. Elliott, DPhil
Ingram Professor of Research Chair of Infectious Diseases
Departments of Pediatrics and Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology Centre for Virus Research
Director, Vanderbilt Vaccine Center University of Glasgow
Vanderbilt University Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
Nashville, Tennessee
Suzanne U. Emerson, PhD
Blossom A. Damania, PhD Chief
Professor Molecular Hepatitis Laboratory
Department of Microbiology and Immunology Laboratory of Infectious Diseases
Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center National Institutes of Health
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Bethesda, Maryland
Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Lynn W. Enquist, PhD
Inger K. Damon, MD, PhD Professor
Chief Department of Molecular Biology
Poxvirus and Rabies Branch Princeton University
Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology Princeton, New Jersey
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Mary K. Estes, PhD
Atlanta, Georgia
Professor
Juan-Carlos de la Torre, PhD Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology
Professor Baylor College of Medicine
Department of Immunology and Microbial Science Houston, Texas
The Scripps Research Institute
David T. Evans, PhD
La Jolla, California
Associate Professor
James A. DeCaprio, MD Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology
Associate Professor of Medicine Harvard Medical School
Department of Medicine Southborough, Massachusetts
Harvard Medical School
Hung Fan, MD
Associate Professor of Medicine
Professor and Director
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
Cancer Research Institute
Boston, Massachusetts
Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry
University of California, Irvine
Terence S. Dermody, MD
Irvine, California
Dorothy Overall Wells Professor of Pediatrics and
Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology
Patrizia Farci, MD
Director, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases
Senior Investigator and Chief
Director, Medical Scientist Training Program
Hepatic Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases
Lamb Center for Pediatric Research
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
National Institutes of Health
Nashville, Tennessee
Bethesda, Maryland
Ronald C. Desrosiers, PhD
Heinz Feldmann, MD
Professor
Chief
New England Primate Research Center
Laboratory of Virology
Harvard Medical School
Division of Intramural Research
Southborough, Massachusetts
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
National Institutes of Health
Michael S. Diamond, MD, PhD
Hamilton, Montana
Professor
Departments of Medicine, Molecular Microbiology, and Pathology Eric O. Freed, PhD
and Immunology Head, Virus-Cell Interaction Section
Washington University School of Medicine HIV Drug Resistance Program
St. Louis, Missouri Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research
National Cancer Institute
Daniel DiMaio, MD
National Institutes of Health
Waldemar Von Zedtwitz Professor Frederick, Maryland
Department of Genetics
Yale School of Medicine Paul D. Friesen, PhD
Scientific Director Professor
Yale Cancer Center Institute for Molecular Virology
Yale University University of Wisconsin, Madison
New Haven, Connecticut Madison, Wisconsin
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