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(cid:2) FaultLocationonTransmissionandDistributionLines (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2) Fault Location on Transmission and Distribution Lines Principles and Applications Swagata Das Surya Santoso Sundaravaradan N. Ananthan (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2) Thiseditionfirstpublished2022 ©2022JohnWiley&SonsLtd Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,or transmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recordingorotherwise, exceptaspermittedbylaw.Adviceonhowtoobtainpermissiontoreusematerialfromthistitleisavailable athttp://www.wiley.com/go/permissions. TherightofSwagataDas,SuryaSantoso,andSundaravaradanN.Ananthantobeidentifiedastheauthors ofthisworkhasbeenassertedinaccordancewithlaw. RegisteredOffices JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.,111RiverStreet,Hoboken,NJ07030,USA JohnWiley&Sons,Ltd,TheAtrium,SouthernGate,Chichester,WestSussex,PO198SQ,UK EditorialOffice TheAtrium,SouthernGate,Chichester,WestSussex,PO198SQ,UK Fordetailsofourglobaleditorialoffices,customerservices,andmoreinformationaboutWileyproducts visitusatwww.wiley.com. Wileyalsopublishesitsbooksinavarietyofelectronicformatsandbyprint-on-demand.Somecontentthat appearsinstandardprintversionsofthisbookmaynotbeavailableinotherformats. LimitofLiability/DisclaimerofWarranty Whilethepublisherandauthorshaveusedtheirbesteffortsinpreparingthiswork,theymakeno representationsorwarrantieswithrespecttotheaccuracyorcompletenessofthecontentsofthisworkand specificallydisclaimallwarranties,includingwithoutlimitationanyimpliedwarrantiesofmerchantability orfitnessforaparticularpurpose.Nowarrantymaybecreatedorextendedbysalesrepresentatives,written salesmaterialsorpromotionalstatementsforthiswork.Thefactthatanorganization,website,orproduct isreferredtointhisworkasacitationand/orpotentialsourceoffurtherinformationdoesnotmeanthat thepublisherandauthorsendorsetheinformationorservicestheorganization,website,orproductmay (cid:2) (cid:2) provideorrecommendationsitmaymake.Thisworkissoldwiththeunderstandingthatthepublisheris notengagedinrenderingprofessionalservices.Theadviceandstrategiescontainedhereinmaynotbe suitableforyoursituation.Youshouldconsultwithaspecialistwhereappropriate.Further,readersshould beawarethatwebsiteslistedinthisworkmayhavechangedordisappearedbetweenwhenthisworkwas writtenandwhenitisread.Neitherthepublishernorauthorsshallbeliableforanylossofprofitorany othercommercialdamages,includingbutnotlimitedtospecial,incidental,consequential,orother damages. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Names:Das,Swagata,author.|Santoso,Surya,author.|Ananthan, SundaravaradanN,author. Title:Faultlocationontransmissionanddistributionlines:principles andapplications/SwagataDas,SuryaSantoso,Sundaravaradan N.Ananthan. Description:Hoboken,NJ:Wiley,2022.|Includesbibliographical referencesandindex. Identifiers:LCCN2021030668(print)|LCCN2021030669(ebook)|ISBN 9781119121466(cloth)|ISBN9781119121473(adobepdf)|ISBN 9781119121497(epub) Subjects:LCSH:Electricfaultlocation.|Powertransmission. Classification:LCCTK3226.D31732022(print)|LCCTK3226(ebook)|DDC 621.319/2–dc23 LCrecordavailableathttps://lccn.loc.gov/2021030668 LCebookrecordavailableathttps://lccn.loc.gov/2021030669 CoverDesign:Wiley CoverImage:©REDPIXEL.PL/Shutterstock Setin9.5/12.5ptSTIXTwoTextbyStraive,Chennai,India 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 (cid:2) (cid:2) v Contents Preface ix AbouttheCompanionWebsite xi 1 Introduction 1 1.1 PowerSystemFaults 1 1.2 WhatCausesShuntFaults? 4 1.3 AimandImportanceofFaultLocation 16 1.4 TypesofFault-LocatingAlgorithms 19 1.5 HowareFault-LocatingAlgorithmsImplemented? 21 (cid:2) 1.6 EvaluationofFault-LocatingAlgorithms 25 (cid:2) 1.7 TheBestFault-LocatingAlgorithm 26 1.8 Summary 26 2 SymmetricalComponents 27 2.1 Phasors 28 2.2 TheoryofSymmetricalComponents 29 2.3 InterconnectingSequenceNetworks 31 2.4 SequenceImpedancesofThree-PhaseLines 36 2.5 ExerciseProblems 41 2.6 Summary 46 3 FaultLocationonTransmissionLines 49 3.1 One-EndedImpedance-BasedFaultLocationAlgorithms 49 3.1.1 SimpleReactanceMethod 52 3.1.2 TakagiMethod 54 3.1.3 ModifiedTakagiMethod 56 3.1.4 CurrentDistributionFactorMethod 57 3.2 Two-EndedImpedance-BasedFaultLocationAlgorithms 58 3.2.1 SynchronizedMethod 59 3.2.2 UnsynchronizedMethod 60 3.2.3 UnsynchronizedNegative-SequenceMethod 61 3.2.4 SynchronizedLineCurrentDifferentialMethod 62 3.3 Three-EndedImpedance-BasedFaultLocationAlgorithms 62 (cid:2) (cid:2) vi Contents 3.3.1 SynchronizedMethod 63 3.3.2 UnsynchronizedMethod 65 3.3.3 UnsynchronizedNegative-SequenceMethod 66 3.3.4 SynchronizedLineCurrentDifferentialMethod 67 3.4 Traveling-WaveFaultLocationAlgorithms 68 3.4.1 Single-EndedTravelingWaveMethod 69 3.4.2 Double-EndedTraveling-WaveMethod 71 3.4.3 ErrorSources 71 3.5 ExerciseProblems 77 3.6 Summary 93 4 ErrorSourcesinImpedance-BasedFaultLocation 95 4.1 PowerSystemModel 95 4.2 InputDataErrors 96 4.2.1 DCOffset 97 4.2.2 CTSaturation 99 4.2.3 AgingCCVTs 101 4.2.4 Open-DeltaVTs 101 4.2.5 InaccurateLineLength 104 4.2.6 UntransposedLines 104 4.2.7 VariationinEarthResistivity 106 (cid:2) 4.2.8 Non-HomogeneousLines 107 (cid:2) 4.2.9 IncorrectFaultTypeSelection 109 4.3 ApplicationErrors 109 4.3.1 Load 109 4.3.2 Non-HomogeneousSystem 111 4.3.3 Zero-SequenceMutualCoupling 111 4.3.4 SeriesCompensation 118 4.3.5 Three-TerminalLines 119 4.3.6 RadialTap 120 4.3.7 EvolvingFaults 121 4.4 ExerciseProblems 122 4.5 Summary 126 5 FaultLocationonOverheadDistributionFeeders 129 5.1 Impedance-BasedMethods 134 5.1.1 LoopReactanceMethod 135 5.1.2 SimpleReactanceMethod 140 5.1.3 TakagiMethod 140 5.1.4 ModifiedTakagiMethod 141 5.1.5 Girgisetal.Method 141 5.1.6 Santosoetal.Method 143 5.1.7 Novoseletal.Method 144 5.2 ChallengeswithDistributionFaultLocation 146 5.2.1 Load 146 (cid:2) (cid:2) Contents vii 5.2.2 Non-HomogeneousLines 146 5.2.3 InaccurateEarthResistivity 149 5.2.4 MultipleLaterals 150 5.2.5 BestDataforFaultLocation:FeederorSubstationRelays 151 5.2.6 DistributedGeneration 152 5.2.7 HighImpedanceFaults 156 5.2.8 CTSaturation 156 5.2.9 Grounding 156 5.2.10 ShortDurationFaults 157 5.2.11 MissingVoltage 157 5.3 ExerciseProblems 158 5.4 Summary 177 6 DistributionFaultLocationWithCurrentOnly 179 6.1 CurrentPhasorsOnlyMethod 179 6.2 CurrentMagnitudeOnlyMethod 184 6.3 Short-CircuitFaultCurrentProfileMethod 191 6.4 ExerciseProblems 193 6.5 Summary 208 7 SystemandOperationalBeneﬁtsofFaultLocation 209 (cid:2) 7.1 VerifyRelayOperation 210 (cid:2) 7.2 DiscoverErroneousRelaySettings 211 7.3 DetectInstrumentTransformerInstallationErrors 217 7.4 ValidateZero-SequenceLineImpedance 222 7.5 CalculateFaultResistance 225 7.6 ProveShort-CircuitModel 226 7.7 AdaptAutoreclosinginHybridLines 227 7.8 DetecttheOccurrenceofMultipleFaults 228 7.9 IdentifyImpendingFailuresandTakeCorrectiveAction 232 7.10 ExerciseProblems 232 7.11 Summary 239 A FaultLocationSuiteinMATLAB 241 A.1 UnderstandingtheFaultLocationScript 241 References 261 Index 269 (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2) (cid:2)

Fault Location on Transmission and Distribution Lines: Principles and Applications (IEEE Press) PDF

291 Pages·2021·12.234 MB·English

by Swagata Das, Surya Santoso, Sundaravaradan N. Ananthan

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Author:	Swagata Das, Surya Santoso, Sundaravaradan N. Ananthan
Publication Year:	2021
ISBN:	9781119121466
Pages:	291
Language:	English
File Size:	12.234
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