FASTtrack: Law and Ethics in Pharmacy Practice

177 Pages·2010·1.62 MB·English

by  Ruth Rodgers, Catherine Dewsbury, Andrew Lea

Law and Ethics
in Pharmacy
Practice

Law and Ethics
in Pharmacy
Practice

Ruth Rodgers
Clinical Lecturer in Pharmacy Practice, Law and Ethics,
Medway School of Pharmacy,
Universities of Kent and Greenwich, UK

Catherine Dewsbury
Clinical Lecturer in Pharmacy Practice, Law and Ethics,
Medway School of Pharmacy,
Universities of Kent and Greenwich, UK

Andrew Lea
Lecturer in Pharmacy Practice,
Medway School of Pharmacy,
Universities of Kent and Greenwich, UK

Pharmaceutical Press
London � Chicago

Published by Pharmaceutical Press

1 Lambeth High Street, London SE1 7JN, UK
1559 St. Paul Avenue, Gurnee, IL 60031, USA

� Pharmaceutical Press 2010

is a trade mark of Pharmaceutical Press
Pharmaceutical Press is the publishing division of the Royal Pharmaceutical
Society of Great Britain

First published 2010

Typeset by Thomson Digital, Noida, India
Printed in Great Britain by TJ International, Padstow, UK

ISBN 978 0 85369 885 2

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored
in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without
the prior written permission of the copyright holder.
The publisher makes no representation, express or implied, with regard
to the accuracy of the information contained in this book and cannot accept
any legal responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions that may be
made.
The right of Ruth Rodgers, Catherine Deswbury and Andrew Lea to be
identified as the authors of this work has been asserted by them in accordance
with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988.

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

Contents

Introduction to the FASTtrack series
vii

Preface
ix

About the authors
xi
Introduction
xiii

1. Legislation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Laws, policy and practice: a framework
1

Laws
2

Policy ideas, Green Papers and White

Papers: where does policy come from?
4

Public consultations
6

Bills and Acts of Parliament
6
Implementation: public spending,

government and the Department

of Health
9

Civil servants
10

Chief professional officers
10

Head of pharmacy
11

Self-assessment
12

References
13
Further reading
13

2. The Medicines Act 1968 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Introduction and background

to medicines legislation
15

Sale and supply of medicines
18
Labelling dispensed prescription-only

medicines
20

Emergency supplies
22

General Sales List medicines
24

Register of pharmacy premises
24

Ownership of pharmacies
25

Responsible pharmacist, supervision

and personal control
26
Self-assessment
27

Reference
29

Further reading
29

3. Veterinary Medicines Regulations. . . . . 31

Introduction
31

Veterinary Medicines Regulations
31
Prescription requirements
32

Controlled drugs as veterinary medicines
33

Record requirements
34

Labelling
34

Sale of sheep dip
34

Wholesale veterinary medicines from

pharmacies
35

Professional competency requirements
35
Self-assessment
35

Further reading
36

4. Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Background
37

Misuse of Drugs Regulations
39

Possession and supply
41

Purchasing controlled drug stock
41

Supplies of controlled drugs
41

Prescriptions and the dispensing process
43

Destruction of controlled drugs
47

Private prescriptions
48
Instalment dispensing
49

Running balances
49

Other legislation
50

Self-assessment
51

Reference
53

Further reading
53

5. Health Acts 1999 and 2006. . . . . . . . . . . 55

Introduction
55

Accountable officer
55

Medicines and pharmacies
57

The Health Act 1999
59
Moving forward in pharmacy regulation
60

Reference
60

Further reading
61

v

6. NHS Legislation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

History, aims and purpose of the NHS
63

How is the NHS managed?
66

Professional stagnation: early years

of the NHS
67
Essential services
71

Advanced and enhanced services
77

The future of the contract
82

Self-assessment
83

References
84

Further reading
84

7. Other legislation relevant to

pharmacy practice. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Introduction
85
Disability Discrimination Acts 1995

and 2005
85

Records and confidentiality
87

Health and Safety at Work etc.

Act 1974
89

Protecting the environment
91

Poisons legislation
93

Alcohols and spirits
94
Self-assessment
96

Further reading
98

8. Professional registration

and regulation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Introduction
99

Restricted title
100

General Pharmaceutical Council
101

Professional representative body
104

Professional accountability and

responsibility
104

Fitness to practise – see Health

Act 2006
105
Self-assessment
108

References
109

Further reading
110

9. Ethics and professionalism . . . . . . . . . 111

Code of Ethics
111

Student Code of Ethics
113

Principles of healthcare ethics
114
Consent
115

Confidentiality
115

Concordance
116

Personal versus professional views
116

Preventing misuse of medicines
117

Self-assessment
118

References
119

Further reading
120

10. Pharmacy practice problems,

challenges and dilemmas. . . . . . . . . . . 121

Self-assessment
126

Further reading
128

Answers to self-assessment
129

Useful websites
147

Glossary
149

Index
153

vi
Contents

Introduction to the
FASTtrack series

FASTtrack is a new series of revision guides created for undergraduate pharmacy
students. The books are intended to be used in conjunction with textbooks and
reference books asan aid to revision tohelp guide students through their exams. They
provide essential information required in each particular subject area. The books will
also be useful for pre-registration trainees preparing for the Royal Pharmaceutical
Society of Great Britain’s (RPSGB’s) registration examination, and to practising
pharmacists as a quick reference text.

The content of each title focuses on what pharmacy students really need to know in
order to pass exams. Features include�:

&
concise bulleted information

&
key points

&
tips for the student

&
multiple choice questions (MCQs) and worked examples

&
case studies

&
simple diagrams.

The titles in the FASTtrack series reflect the full spectrum of modules for the
undergraduate pharmacy degree.

Titles include:
Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Managing Symptoms in the Pharmacy
Pharmaceutical Compounding and Dispensing
Pharmaceutics: Dosage Form and Design
Pharmaceutics: Drug Delivery and Targeting
Pharmacology
Physical Pharmacy (based on Florence & Attwood’s Physicochemical
Principles of Pharmacy)
Therapeutics

There is also an accompanying website which includes extra MCQs, further title
information and sample content: www.fasttrackpharmacy.com.

If you have any feedback regarding this series, please contact us at