Etiology, Pathogenesis, Pathophys. of Aortic Aneurysms, Aneurysm Rupture

232 Pages·2011·20.74 MB·English

by  R. Grundmann

ETIOLOGY, PATHOGENESIS
AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
OF AORTIC ANEURYSMS
AND ANEURYSM RUPTURE

Edited by Reinhart T. Grundmann
Etiology, Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology of
Aortic Aneurysms and Aneurysm Rupture
Edited by Reinhart T. Grundmann

Published by InTech
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Copyright © 2011 InTech
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Image Copyright Jason Adamson, 2011.

First published July, 2011
Printed in Croatia

A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com
Additional hard copies can be obtained from [email protected]

Etiology, Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology of Aortic Aneurysms and Aneurysm Rupture,
Edited by Reinhart T. Grundmann
p. cm.
ISBN 978-953-307-523-5
free online editions of InTech
Books and Journals can be found at
www.intechopen.com

Contents

Preface IX
Chapter 1 Etiology and Pathogenesis of Aortic Aneurysms 1
Carl W. Kotze and Islam G. Ahmed
Chapter 2 Matrix Metalloproteinases in Aortic
Aneurysm – Executors or Executioners? 25
Tomasz Grzela, Barbara Bikowska and Małgorzata Litwiniuk
Chapter 3 Mast Cell Density and Distribution
in Human Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm 55
Sumiharu Sakamoto, Toshihiro Tsuruda, Kinta Hatakeyama,
Yoko Sekita, Johji Kato, Takuroh Imamura,
Yujiro Asada and Kazuo Kitamura
Chapter 4 The Role of Complement in the
Pathogenesis of Artery Aneurysms 67
Fengming Liu, Annie Qin, Lining Zhang and Xuebin Qin
Chapter 5 Immunoglobulin G4-Related
Inflammatory Aortic Aneurysm 91
Mitsuaki Ishida and Hidetoshi Okabe
Chapter 6 Transcriptomic and Proteomic Profiles of Vascular
Cells Involved in Human Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm 105
Florence Pinet, Nicolas Lamblin, Philippe Ratajczak, David Hot,
Emilie Dubois, Maggy Chwastyniak, Olivia Beseme, Hervé Drobecq,
Yves Lemoine, Mohammad Koussa and Philippe Amouyel
Chapter 7 Multifaceted Role of Angiotensin II in
Vascular Inflammation and Aortic Aneurysmal Disease 119
Xiaoxi Ju, Ronald G. Tilton and Allan R. Brasier
Chapter 8 Aortitis and Aortic Aneurysm in Systemic Vasculitis 137
Ana García-Martínez, Sergio Prieto-González, Pedro Arguis,
Georgina Espígol, José Hernández-Rodríguez and Maria C Cid
VI Contents

Chapter 9 Drug-Induced Aortic
Aneurysms, Ruptures and Dissections 159
Olav Spigset
Chapter 10 Pathophysiology of
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Rupture and
Expansion: New Insight on an Old Problem 175
Efstratios Georgakarakos and Christos V. Ioannou
Chapter 11 An Analysis of Blood Flow Dynamics in AAA 191
Bernad I. Sandor, Bernad S. Elena,
Barbat Tiberiu, Brisan Cosmin and Albulescu Vlad
Chapter 12 Numerical Simulation in Aortic Arch Aneurysm 207
Feng Gao, Aike Qiao and Teruo Matsuzawa

Preface

This book considers mainly etiology, pathogenesis, and pathophysiology of aortic
aneurysms (AA) and aneurysm rupture and addresses anyone engaged in treatment
and prevention of AA. Multiple factors are implicated in AA pathogenesis, and are
outlined here in detail by a team of specialist researchers. Initial pathological events in
AA involve recruitment and infiltration of leukocytes into the aortic adventitia and
media, which are associated with the production of inflammatory cytokines,
chemokine, and reactive oxygen species. AA development is characterized by elastin
fragmentation. As the aorta dilates due to loss of elastin and attenuation of the media,
the arterial wall thickens as a result of remodeling. Collagen synthesis increases
during the early stages of aneurysm formation, suggesting a repair process, but
resulting in a less distensible vessel. Proteases identified in excess in AA and other
aortic diseases include matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), cathepsins, chymase and
others. The elucidation of these issues will identify new targets for prophylactic and
therapeutic intervention.

Prof. Dr. Reinhart T. Grundmann
Medical Expert
Burghausen
Germany