Table Of ContentЛ.Е. Лычковская
Е.Р. Менгардт
ENGLISH FOR STUDENTS
OF TECHNICAL SCIENCES
Учебное пособие
Томск
ТУСУР 2011
2
Contents
Introduction (От авторов).................................................................................4
Part I ..................................................................................................................5
Unit 1. About Myself....................................................................................6
Unit 2. One Day in My Life.......................................................................29
Unit 3. The Value of Education..................................................................47
Unit 4. My Future Job.................................................................................63
Unit 5. My Home Town.............................................................................82
Unit 6. The Russian Federation..................................................................99
Unit 7. The United Kingdom....................................................................114
Unit 8. The United States of America......................................................130
Part II.............................................................................................................153
Unit 9. Communications...........................................................................154
Unit 10. Computers.....................................................................................176
Unit 11. The Laser Technology Today and Tomorrow..............................192
Unit 12. Management.................................................................................211
Unit 13. Economics....................................................................................229
Unit 14. Social Work..................................................................................242
Unit 15. Ecological Problems of the World................................................254
Reader.............................................................................................................274
Text 1. The Evolution of Technology – The History of Computers.........275
Text 2. What is USB?...............................................................................277
Text 3. What is 64-bit Computing?.........................................................280
Text 4. Intel® Dual Core Processors........................................................281
Text 5. Smartphone...................................................................................282
Text 6. High-definition Television............................................................283
Text 7. Wi-Fi.............................................................................................286
Text 8. Ecology and Human Rights in Russia..........................................293
Text 9. Our Health....................................................................................294
Text 10.Challenges of Leadership in Teams..............................................295
Grammar Reference......................................................................................297
Unit 1. Pronouns, the verb to be, the verb to have (got),
Articles, Plurals, Possessive Case.................................................298
Unit 2. Numbers, There + to be, Present Simple Tense, Indefinite
Pronouns.......................................................................................323
Unit 3. Present Progressive Tense, Adjectives and Adverbs....................332
Unit 4. Past Simple Tense, Present Perfect Tense, Present Perfect
Progressive Tense.........................................................................339
Unit 5. Talking about Future....................................................................348
Unit 6. Passive Voice, Degrees of Comparisons, Relative Pronouns.......353
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Unit 7. Modal Verbs, Conditionals II.......................................................363
Unit 8. Past Progressive Tense, Past Perfect Tense, Direct
and Reported Speech....................................................................370
Unit 9. Revising Tenses............................................................................387
Unit 10. Participle.......................................................................................394
Unit 11. Gerund, Multifunctional Words...................................................402
Unit 12. Infinitive.......................................................................................411
Unit 13. Subjunctive Mood........................................................................419
Unit 14. Modal Verbs.................................................................................423
Unit 15. Simple and Complex Sentences...................................................429
Additional exercises.......................................................................................442
Appendices.....................................................................................................456
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Introduction (Oт авторов)
Данное учебное пособие предназначено для студентов технических
высших учебных заведений и составлено в соответствии с «Программой
по иностранным языкам для вузов неязыковых специальностей».
Раздел I (Part I) содержит обязательные вузовские темы, рекомендо-
ванные к изучению на первом этапе обучения. В каждом уроке имеется
блок грамматики с правилами в рамках-таблицах и упражнениями.
Раздел II (Part II), предназначенный для второго этапа обучения,
включает в себя уроки, тематически связанные с профилем технических
вузов. Данный раздел содержит адаптированные научно-популярные тек-
сты и упражнения коммуникативного характера. Как и в первом разделе,
имеется блок грамматики. После каждого правила даются упражнения на
закрепление материала, которые по своему содержанию имеют обще-
научный характер и будут понятны слушателям любой специальности.
Эти упражнения рекомендуется делать в аудитории под контролем препо-
давателя после введения нового материала.
Пояснения к грамматическим таблицам уроков разделов I и II даны
в разделе “Grammar Reference”. Авторы считают наличие этого раздела
оправданным, поскольку данное учебное пособие предназначено для сту-
дентов вечерней и заочной форм обучения.
Раздел “Reader” – тексты, несущие информацию об инновациях
в современных коммуникационных технологиях, рекомендован для инди-
видуального перевода.
В разделе “Additional Exercises” содержатся упражнения повышен-
ной сложности для самостоятельной работы.
И, наконец, приложения (“Appendices”) включают в себя краткие
сведения по фонетике и таблицы основных способов словообразования.
Условные обозначения:
– тексты и диалоги для чтения
– устные упражнения
– письменные упражнения
– грамматические правила
Л.Е. Лычковская, Е.Р. Менгардт
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PART I
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Unit 1. ABOUT MYSELF
1.1. Read the following words and expressions and pay attention to the
examples.
to introduce Let me introduce my friend to you.
представлять, знакомить
for short We called him Dick for short.
для краткости; сокращённо
to be born Shakespeare was born in the 16th
родиться century.
an appearance The appearance is very important for ac-
внешность tresses.
to be good (bad) at smth. My brother is very good at physics but
преуспевать (не преуспевать) he is bad at English.
в чем-л.
to be married to smb. Kate is married to a businessman.
быть женатым на ком-л.,
быть замужем за кем-л.
quite Nick is quite tall and intelligent.
довольно
character By character my boyfriend is very
характер nervous.
to play the piano Veronica can play the piano very well.
играть на фортепиано
to have a lot of work Unfortunately, my mother has a lot of
иметь много работы work to do about the house.
to listen to We often listen to pop music.
слушать
to agree with smb., to smth. I don’t agree with you!
соглашаться с кем-л. I agree to your suggestion.
или с чем-л.
to prefer I like green tea, but my wife prefers
предпочитать coffee.
to be in poor health My great-grandmother is in poor health
болеть now and we are taking care of her.
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1.2. Read the text.
MY FAMILY
Hello! Let me introduce myself. My name is Alexander, Sasha for short. Alexander
is my first name and Sokolov is my surname. I am Russian. I am eighteen. I was born
on 5th April in Tomsk, an ancient Siberian town. Now I am a first-year student of
Tomsk University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics. In five years’ time I will
become a programmer.
Now let me describe my appearance. I am quite tall and slim, with dark hair and
brown eyes. I love playing the guitar and I think I am good at it. I am not married
yet, but I have got a girlfriend. Her name is Irina. She is seventeen and she is a student
too. She is not tall, quite fair and very pretty.
Our family is not very large. I have got a father, a mother and two sisters. We live
together in a new flat. My father’s name is Igor and he is forty-five years old. He is
tall and well-built, with short black hair and grey eyes. He works at a big automobile
plant as an engineer. He likes his job and spends most of the time there. By
character my father is a quiet man, while my mother is energetic and talkative. Her
name is Olga. She is short and plump, with curly hair. She is quite good-looking. She
is a teacher of music and plays the piano well. My mother always has a lot of work
to do about the house and at school. She is a busy woman and we all help her. My el-
der sister, Anna, is twenty-five years old. She is married. She is a doctor. Her
husband, Nikolay, is an electrician. They have got two children: a daughter and a son.
Their daughter, Diana, is four and their son, Oleg, is two. My younger sister’s name is
Alla. She has got blue eyes and lovely fair hair. She is a pupil of the ninth form and
gets only good and excellent marks. Literature is her favourite subject and she wants
to become a teacher.
Our family is very friendly. In the evenings we watch TV, read books and newspapers,
listen to music or simply talk about the events of the day. Our parents do not always
agree to what we say, but they listen to our opinion. We like to spend our weekends
out of town. We often go to the village where our grandparents live. They are
pensioners now, but prefer to live in the country. My great-grandmother is still alive.
She lives with my grandmother’s family and is always glad to see us. She is in poor
health and asks us to come and see her more often. I have also got a lot of relatives:
uncles, aunts and cousins. We are happy when we are together.
1.3. Match the following words and expressions with their equivalents.
1. ancient a) хорошенькая (только о женщинах)
2. a first-year student b) подруга (молодого человека)
3. in five years’ time c) получать отметки
4. tall d) симпатичный (-ая)
5. dark hair e) карие глаза
6. brown eyes f) темные волосы
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7. a girlfriend g) старшая сестра
8. pretty h) старый, старинный
9. well-built i) ученик девятого класса
10. a quiet man j) поехать в деревню
11. good-looking k) двоюродный брат или сестра
12. plump l) высокого роста
13. an elder sister m) прабабушка
14. a pupil of the ninth form n) студент первого курса
15. to get marks o) через пять лет
16. to become a teacher p) проводить выходные дни за горо-
дом
17. to spend weekends out of q) стать учителем
town
18. to go to the village r) тихий человек
19. a great-grandmother s) крепкий; хорошо сложённый
20. a cousin t) полный, пухлый
1.4. Read the following words and notice their pronunciation.
introduce [Intrq`dju:s] character [`kxrqktq] quite [kwaIt]
`
appearance [q`pIqrqns] ancient [`eInS(q)nt] cousin [`kAz(q)n]
automobile [`Ltqmq(u)bJl] eighteen [eI`tJn] guitar [ gI`tR]
`
electrician [Ilek`trIS(q)n] daughter [`dLtq] event [I`vent]
`
Table 1.1
Personal Pronouns
Number Person Subject form Object form
1 I me
Singular
2 you you
3 he, she, it him, her, it
1 we us
Plural
2 you you
3 they them
1.5. Replace the words in bold with the correct personal pronoun, as in
the model.
Model:– My friend is a student.
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– He is a student.
1. Clara is a housewife.
2. My mother and I are dark.
3. Walter and Augusta are married.
4. Is your son a photographer?
5. Your sister and you are very pretty!
6. Silvia’s son is very short.
7. The calendar is on the table.
8. Is Kate your daughter?
9. My uncle is from the USA.
10. Is the cat under the chair?
Table 1.2
Possessive Adjectives and Possessive Pronouns
Possessive
Number Person Possessive adjectives
pronouns
1 my mine
Singular 2 your yours
3 his, her, its his, hers, its
1 our ours
Plural 2 your yours
3 their theirs
This is my book. This book is mine.
1.6. Choose the Russian pronouns corresponding to the English ones.
1. Him – он она ему их
2. Us – наш нам, нас вам, вас мы
3. Them – им, их они нам его
4. Your, yours – ты, вы наш тебя, вас твой, ваш
5. They – они ты, вы твой, ваш им, их
6. Me – мой мне, меня ее нам
7. Our, ours – твой нам, нас наш ваш
8. We – ты, вы мы вам, вас ваш
9. Their, theirs – их они его ее
10. Her, hers – она его ее он
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