Table Of ContentSpringer Proceedings in Energy
Paolo Bertoldi Editor
Energy
Efficiency
in Motor
Systems
Proceedings of the 11th international
Conference EEMODS’19
Springer Proceedings in Energy
The series Springer Proceedings in Energy covers a broad range of multidisciplinary
subjects in those research fields closely related to present and future forms of energy
as a resource for human societies. Typically based on material presented at
conferences, workshops and similar scientific meetings, volumes published in this
series will constitute comprehensive state-of-the-art references on energy-related
science and technology studies. The subjects of these conferences will fall typically
within these broad categories:
• Energy Efficiency
• Fossil Fuels
• Nuclear Energy
• Policy, Economics, Management & Transport
• Renewable and Green Energy
• Systems, Storage and Harvesting
• Materials for Energy
eBook Volumes in the Springer Proceedings in Energy will be available online in
the world’s most extensive eBook collection, as part of the Springer Energy eBook
Collection. Please send your proposals/inquiry to Dr. Loyola DSilva, Senior
Publishing Editor, Springer ([email protected])
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/13370
Paolo Bertoldi
Editor
Energy Efficiency in Motor
Systems
Proceedings of the 11th international
Conference EEMODS’19
Editor
Paolo Bertoldi
European Commission Joint Research Centre
Institute for Energy, Transport and Climate
Ispra, Varese, Italy
ISSN 2352-2534 ISSN 2352-2542 (electronic)
Springer Proceedings in Energy
ISBN 978-3-030-69798-3 ISBN 978-3-030-69799-0 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69799-0
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature
Switzerland AG 2021
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether
the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of
illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and
transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar
or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication
does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant
protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book
are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the
editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any
errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional
claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG
The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Introduction
This book contains selected, peer-reviewed papers presented at the 11th International
Conference on Energy Efficiency in Motor Systems (EEMODS’19) held in Tokyo,
Japan, from 17 to 19 September 2019.
Energy efficiency helps to mitigate CO2 emissions and at the same time increase
the security of energy supply. This is why energy efficiency is a key priority of the
EU energy policy and of the latest flagship initiative, the Energy Union. At the COP
21 meeting in Paris in 2015, countries have agreed to mitigate the impact of climate
change by limiting the global temperature increase to well below 2 °C above to the
pre-industrial levels and possibly stabilizing the temperature increase to
1.5 °C. Energy efficiency is a key mitigation option and it is recognized as the clean-
est, quickest, and cheapest energy source.
Not only this, but energy efficiency brings several additional benefits for end
users, such as lower energy costs, more reliable equipment, higher production qual-
ity, and reduced emissions.
However, in some sectors such as the industrial sector, there are still a lot of bar-
riers against investments in energy efficiency, particularly in small and medium
Enterprises. Recent European legislation under the Eco-design and Energy
Efficiency Directives is trying to remove these barriers and foster investments in
energy efficiency; this is complemented by innovative financing for energy effi-
ciency, the provision of energy services by ESCOs, and national programmes.
Similar policy initiatives are also implemented in other countries around the
world: Japan, USA, China, India, Australia, and Brazil.
At the same, time progress in motor technologies as well as in drives and end-use
equipment offers a very high level of efficiency, for example, IE 4 class motors now
available on the market.
EEMODS is the only international conference dedicated to energy efficiency in
motor-driven systems. EEMODS began in 1996 in Lisbon, the last edition was orga-
nized in Rome in 2017, and in 2019, the 11th edition was hosted in Tokyo, Japan.
The conference is equally balanced between highly scientific and technical pre-
sentations on innovative motor systems component designs and test methods to
achieve a high level of efficiency and more policy-oriented presentations dedicated
v
vi Introduction
to how to diffuse efficient motor systems solutions and technologies in existing
industrial plants. The conference topics on the technology side cover motors and
fluid applications (pumps, fans, and compressors), while on the policy side they
cover both regulation for equipment and more horizontal policies such as energy
audits and energy management systems.
As with previous conferences in this series, EEMODS’19 provided a scientific
forum to discuss and debate the latest developments in the impacts of electrical
motor systems on energy and the environment, energy efficiency policies and pro-
grammes adopted and planned, standards (including ISO 50.001), and the technical
and commercial advances made in the dissemination and penetration of energy-
efficient motor systems. Topics covered include: technologies, research, and inno-
vation in the areas of electric motors from life cycle costing to 3D printing to
artificial intelligence/machine learning-based monitoring systems; emerging motor
technologies; power electronics and drives; pump systems, including life cycle cost-
ing, energy efficiency improvements, maintenance, and operation for industrial,
water supply and treatment, building, and irrigation pumps; compressed air sys-
tems; fans/exhaust systems; refrigeration systems maintenance and operation;
mechanical power transmission; motors in household appliances and HVAC (resi-
dential and commercial); motors and drives for transport applications including
policies, programmes, regulation, and international standards; industrial manage-
ment policies and standards; motor system audit and verification; policies, pro-
grammes, and financing: analysis of motor system energy use and greenhouse gas
emissions for motor systems, for e-vehicles, and related charging infrastructure;
harmonization of global motor efficiency test standards; evaluation of utility pro-
grammes for improving energy efficiency in motor systems; and policy implemen-
tation, market surveillance, and enforcement mechanisms, including case studies.
The conference is very international by nature and aims to attract high-quality and
innovative contributions from all corners of the globe, while the papers facilitate the
development of new technologies, policies, and strategies to increase energy
efficiency.
Contents
Novel Design of Delta-Connected PM Synchronous Machines
Considering Rotor Skewing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Juergen Redlich, Anton Suchan, and Bernd Ponick
EC-Motors in a Fan Application: A Case Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Kurt Stockman, Jasper De Viaene, Steve Dereyne, and Pieter Defreyne
A Global Update on the Markets for Motors, Drives,
and Motor-Driven Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Preston Reine
Increasing the Energy Savings of Motor Applications:
The Extended Product Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Benno Weis, Benoit Leprettre, Martial Patra, Norbert Hanigovszki,
Preben Holm, Tim Schuman, Michael Könen, Niels Bidstrup,
and Kirk Anderson
High-Efficiency IE4 Line-Start Synchronous Reluctance Motors . . . . . . . 53
Francesco Parasiliti and Marco Villani
Coordination of IEC and ISO Standards for Energy-Efficient
Electric Motor-Driven Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Conrad U. Brunner, Maarten van Werkhoven, Franco Bua,
and Kirk Anderson
Surface Eddy Current Suppression on Additively Manufactured
Solid Rotor Active Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Max Hullmann, Stefan Urbanek, and Bernd Ponick
Energy Scorecard: One of the Key Executions to Transform
the Market for Energy-Efficient Motors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Hakan Gedik
vii
viii Contents
A Novel Approach to Predict Reed Critical Frequency
of Vertical Motors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Ravi Musinana and Harendra Singh
Evaluation of High-Tech Electrical Steel in a High-Speed
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine for an Aircraft Application . . 119
Mina Mirzadeh, Gerrit Narjes, and Bernd Ponick
New Life Calculation Model for Hybrid Bearings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Author Magnus Arvidsson
Programme for In-Depth Analyses of Electric Motor
Systems in Industry (ProAnalySys) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Richard Phillips
A Review of the United States Process for Developing MEPS,
the Benefits, and How Other Economic Regions Could Benefit
from Adopting Similar Approaches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Kirk Anderson and Rob Boteler
Electromagnetic Design of Propulsion Motors with
Superconducting Field Coils for Electrified Aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
Yusuke Ishida, Yutaka Terao, and Hiroyuki Ohsaki
Design Methodology for a PM Electrical Variable
Transmission Used in HEV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Florian Verbelen, Hendrik Vansompel, Ahmed Abdallh, Kurt Stockman,
and Peter Sergeant
IE3 Efficiency Class as MEPS for Industrial Motor:
How Brazil Got There . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
George Alves Soares and Carlos Aparecido Ferreira
A Decision-Making Tool Incorporating Multiple Benefits
of Motor Systems’ Retrofits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
Rita Werle, Rolf Tieben, Petar Klingel, Andreas Rothen, Lea Fleischli,
Victoria Pyatova, Shaun West, Kurt Ackermann, and Richard Phillips
European Ecodesign Material Efficiency Standardization Overview for
Circular Economy Aspects in Motor and Power Drive Systems . . . . . . . . 231
Martial Patra
Comparison Between the Use of the Middle Ring and/or
Skewed Bars in Induction Motor Rotor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
Marcelo Dias da Silva, Daniel Schmitz, Carlos Manuel de Araújo Sá,
Bruno Baptista, and Sebastião Lauro Nau
Efficiency Measurement Strategy for a Planetary Gearbox
with 2 Degrees of Freedom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
Florian Verbelen, Pieter Defreyne, Peter Sergeant, and Kurt Stockman
Contents ix
Development of High-Precision Efficiency Measuring Device
for High Power Motor Drive Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
Masayuki Harano, Hiroki Kobayashi, Chiaki Yamaura, Kenta Ikeda,
Koki Nakazawa, and Shozo Yoda
Evaluation and Application of Existing Air Curtain Effectiveness
Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
Liangzhu (Leon) Wang, David A. Johnson, and Frank Cuaderno
Promoting CO Water Source Heat Pumps in
2
Indian Industrial Sector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335
Abdessalem Rabhi and Ananda Mohan Ghosh
Refrigeration Systems: Optimal Temperature Setpoint
Regarding Air Mixing in a HVAC-R System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349
Jérôme Jeanclos, Kamal Ejjabraoui, and François Malrait
Modeling of Radial and Tangential Roebel Bar Force Distributions in
Large Electrical Machines Considering Longitudinal Transposition . . . . 367
Amir Ebrahimi and Marius Meiswinkel
NH -CO Brine System for Refrigeration at Cold Storages
3 2
and Seafood Processing Plants in India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383
Abdessalem Rabhi and Rudhi Sundar Pradhan
Semi-analytical Calculation of Field and Loss Distribution
in the Tooth Tips of Electrical Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395
Alexander Rehfeldt, Torben Fricke, Babette Schwarz, Amir Ebrahimi,
and Bernd Ponick
The Effect of Top Runner Motor (IE3) Regulation in Japan . . . . . . . . . . . 405
Takeshi Obata
The Market of Electric Motors, Pumps and Fans in the
European Union and in Switzerland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417
Rita Werle, Conrad U. Brunner, Rolf Tieben, Petar Klingel,
and Richard Phillips
Pilot Audit Program for Electric Motor-Driven Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 431
Maarten van Werkhoven and Frank Hartkamp
Operation Analysis of an Integrated Linear Flux Modulating
Motor for a Direct- Driven Belt Conveyor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439
Alexander Hoffmann, Malte Kanus, Ludger Overmeyer,
and Bernd Ponick
Performance of Copper Rotor Motor in High-Speed Applications . . . . . . 449
Dong Liang, Sheng Zhou, Datong Yang, and Xu Yang
