Energy aware memory management for embedded multimedia systems : a computer aided design approach

352 Pages·2011·4.065 MB·English

by  Florin Balasa, et al

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Contents
Contributors..........................................................vii
1 Computer-Aided Design for Energy Optimization
in the Memory Architecture of Embedded Systems.....................1
Florin Balasa and Dhiraj K. Pradhan
2 The Power of Polyhedra..............................................17
Doran K. Wilde
3 Computation of Data Storage Requirements for Affine
Algorithmic Specifications............................................67
Florin Balasa, Hongwei Zhu, and Ilie I. Luican
4 Polyhedral Techniques for Parametric Memory
Requirement Estimation.............................................117
Philippe Clauss, Diego Garbervetsky, Vincent Loechner,
and Sven Verdoolaege
5 Storage Allocation for Streaming-Based Register File................151
Praveen Raghavan and Francky Catthoor
6 Optimization of the Dynamic Energy Consumption
and Signal Mapping in Hierarchical Memory Organizations..........195
Florin Balasa, Ilie I. Luican, Hongwei Zhu, and Doru V. Nasui
7 Leakage Current Mechanisms and Estimation
in Memories and Logic..............................................239
Ashoka Sathanur, Praveen Raghavan, Stefan Cosemans,
and Wim Dahaene
v
vi Contents
8 Leakage Control in SoCs...........................................257
Praveen Raghavan, Ashoka Sathanur, Stefan Cosemans,
and Wim Dahaene
9 Energy-Efficient Memory Port Assignment.........................281
Preeti Ranjan Panda and Lakshmikantam Chitturi
10 Energy-Efficient Address-Generation Units
and Their Design Methodology.....................................309
Ittetsu Taniguchi, Guillermo Talavera, and Francky Catthoor
Index..................................................................343
Contributors
Florin Balasa Ilie I. Luican
American University in Cairo Microsoft Corp.
New Cairo, Egypt Redmond, Washington
Francky Catthoor Doru V. Nasui
IMEC/Katholieke Un`ıvers`ıte`ıt American Int. Radio, Inc.
Leuven Rolling Meadows, Illinois
Leuven, Belgium
Preeti Ranjan Panda
Department of Computer Science
Lakshmikantam Chitturi
and Engineering
Zoran Corp.
Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
Sunnyvale, California
New Delhi, India
Philippe Clauss
Dhiraj K. Pradhan
Team CAMUS, INRIA
University of Bristol
University of Strasbourg
Bristol, United Kingdom
Strasbourg, France
Praveen Raghavan
Stefan Cosemans
SSET, IMEC
ESAT-MICAS
Heverlee, Belgium
K.U. Leuven
Leuven, Belgium Ashoka Sathanur
ULP-DSP, IMEC
Wim Dahaene
Eindhoven, The Netherlands
ESAT-MICAS
K.U. Leuven Guillermo Talavera
Leuven, Belgium Universitat Auto`noma de Barcelona
Barcelona, Spain
Diego Garbervetsky
Departamento de Computaci´on Ittetsu Taniguchi
Universidad de Buenos Aires Ritsumeikan University
Buenos Aires, Argentina Shiga, Japan
Sven Verdoolaege
Vincent Loechner
Team ALCHEMY
Team CAMUS, INRIA
INRIA Saclay
University of Strasbourg
Saclay, France
Strasbourg, France
vii
viii Contributors
Doran K. Wilde Hongwei Zhu
Department of Electrical and ARM, Inc.
Computer Engineering Sunnyvale, California
Brigham Young University
Provo, Utah
Chapter 1
Computer-Aided Design for Energy
Optimization in the Memory
Architecture of Embedded Systems
Florin Balasa
American University in Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt
Dhiraj K. Pradhan
University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
Contents
1.1 Introduction ............................................................1
1.2 Low-Power Design for Embedded Systems ............................2
1.3 The Role of On-Chip Memories ........................................3
1.4 Optimization of the Energy Consumption of the Memory
Subsystem ..............................................................4
1.4.1 Hierarchical memory architectures ..............................5
1.4.2 A practical example .............................................8
1.5 The Goal and Organization of the Book ...............................9
References ..................................................................13
1.1 Introduction
Digitalsystemshadinitiallyonlyonemaindesignmetric:performance.Other
costparameterssuchasarea,energyconsumption,ortestability wereregarded
as design constraints. In the early nineties, the role of power consumption
changed from that of a design constraint to an actual design metric. This
shift occurred due to technological reasons: higher integration and higher fre-
quencies led to a significant increase in power consumption.1
The technology used to implement a digital design influences the analysis
of the power consumption. For instance, in the complementary metal-oxide-
semiconductor (CMOS) device, there are three sources of power dissipation.
1Energy consumptionexpressesthecumulativepowerconsumptionovertime.
1