Endothelial Modulation of Cardiac Function

269 Pages·1997·77.052 MB·\269

by  Malcolm J Lewis (Author), Ajay M Shah (Author)

Endothelial Modulation
of Cardiac Function
The Endothelial Cell Research Series
A series of significant reviews of basic and clinical research related to the endothelium.
Edited by Gabor M. Rubanyi, Berlex Biosciences, Richmond, California.
Volume One
Endothelium-Derived Hyperpolarizing Factor
edited by Paul M. Vanhoutte
Volume Two
Endothelial Modulation of Cardiac Contraction
edited by Malcolm J. Lewis and Ajay M. Shah
Volumes in Preparation
Modern Visualisation of Endothelium
J. Polak
Estrogens and the Vessel Wall
G.M. Rubanyi
Morphogenesis of Endothelium
W. Risau
Pathophysiology and Clinical Applications of Nitric Oxide
G.M. Rubanyi
Vascular Endothelium in Human Physiology and Pathophysiology
R Vallance
This book is part of a series. The publisher will accept continuation orders which may be
cancelled at any time and which provide for automatic billing and shipping of each title
in the series upon publication. Please write for details.
Endothelial Modulation of
Cardiac Function
Edited by
Malcolm J. Lewis and Ajay M. Shah
University of Wales College of Medicine
Cardiff
UK
Boca Raton London New York
CRC Press is an imprint of the
Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
First published 1997 by Harwood Academic Publishers
Published 2019 by CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
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© 1997 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business
No claim to original U.S. Government works
ISBN 13: 978-90-5702-120-6 (hbk)
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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
Endothelial modulation of cardiac function. - (Endothelial
cell research series ; v. 2)
I. Endothelium 2. Heart - Contraction - Regulation
I. Lewis, Malcolm J. II. Shah, Ajay M.
6ll'.0l87
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface vii
Contributors ix
Chapter 1 Endocardial Endothelial Modulation of Myocardial Contraction 1
S.U. Sys, P. Mohan, L.J. Andries, G. De Keulenaer, PR Fransen
and D.L. Brutsaert
Chapter 2 Nitric Oxide and Myocardial Contraction:
Experimental Studies 19
R.M. Grocott-Mason, P.B. Anning, M.J. Lewis and A.M. Shah
Chapter 3 Nitric Oxide and Cardiac Contraction: Clinical Studies 35
W.J. Paulus
Chapter 4 Molecular Regulation of NO Synthase in the Heart 53
J. -L. Baliigand and T. W. Smith
Chapter 5 Nitric Oxide, Sepsis and the Heart 71
L.H. Alarcon, T.R. Billiar and R.L. Simmons
Chapter 6 The Role of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) in
Myocardial Disease: A Functional Duality 91
P. Liu
Chapter 7 Can Nitric Oxide Influence Ischaemia/Reperfusion Injury? 103
K.-D. Schliiter, G. Kojda and H.M. Piper
Chapter 8 Endothelin and Cardiac Contraction 113
D.T. Huang and J.P. Morgan
Chapter 9 Endothelin Receptor-Effector Coupling and
Signaling in Cardiac Cells 125
L.L. Brunton
Chapter 10 Endothelin and Cardiac Hypertrophy 139
H.Ito
Chapter 11 Endothelium and Myocardial Growth and Fibrosis 157
A. Mebazaa, S. Corda, L. Rappaport and J.-L. Samuel
Chapter 12 The Relation of Endothelial Cell Regulation of Contractility of the
Heart to the Supply of Oxygen 167
S. Winegrad
v
VI Table of Contents
Chapter 13 Endothelial Regulation of Cardiac Myofilament
Responsiveness to Calcium 185
C.B. Pepper, A. Mebazaa, B.D. Prendergast, Z.-K. Yang,
N.J. Draper, V. Sagach and A.M. Shah
Chapter 14 Natriuretic Peptides and Cardiac Function 205
K. Yamamoto, M.M. Redfield and J.C. Burnett Jr.
Chapter 15 Cardiac Inhibition of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme:
Role of Kinins 223
W. Linz, G. Wiemer and B.A. Schõlkens
Chapter 16 Coronary Vascular Endothelium, Preconditioning
and Arrhythmogenesis 237
J.R. Parratt and A. Vegh
Index 255
PREFACE
Over the past 15 years or so, the central role of the endothelium in the regulation of vascu-
lar tone and growth has been clearly established. The demonstration by Brutsaert and col-
leagues in 1988 that removal of endocardial endothelium, which lines the highly
trabeculated cardiac cavities, altered the time course of cardiac contraction first drew
attention to the possibility that endothelial cells might influence myocardial contraction in
an analogous way to the regulation of vascular tone by vascular endothelium. It has now
been demonstrated by many laboratories that both the endocardial endothelium and, more
importantly, the coronary microvascular endothelium exert a paracrine influence on con-
traction of adjacent cardiac muscle through the release of several different mediators, e.g.
nitric oxide and endothelin. In parallel, other studies have established that some of these
prototypic endothelial mediators may be produced by cardiac myocytes themselves. It is
also becoming clear that these mediators influence not only myocardial contraction but
also other properties, e.g. cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Paracrine and autocrine regula-
tion of cardiac function by 'endothelial' mediators is turning out to be important both
physiologically and pathophysiological^. This book is a collection of articles summarising
the main recent advances in this field.
We wish to thank the editorial board of Endothelium and in particular the Editor-in-
Chief, Dr Gabor Rubanyi, for inviting us to participate in this venture. We would like to
express our gratitude to the authors of each of the articles, without whose contributions
this publication would not have been possible. Thanks are also due to Miss W. Simons for
her expert secretarial and organisational skills. Last, but by no means least, we extend our
thanks to Harwood Academic Publishers to have agreed to publish this series of mono-
graphs in the form of a book.
Malcolm J. Lewis
Ajay M. Shah
vu

CONTRIBUTORS
Alarcon, L.H. Billiar, T.R.
497 Scaife Hall A1010 Presbyterian University Hospital
Department of Surgery Department of Surgery
University of Pittsburgh School of University of Pittsburgh School of
Medicine Medicine
Pittsburgh, PA 15261 Pittsburgh, PA 15261
USA USA
Andries, L.J. Brunton, L.L.
University of Antwerp (RUCA) Departments of Pharmacology &
Laboratory of Human Physiology & Medicine
Pathophysiology School of Medicine
Groenenborgerlaan 171 University of California at San Diego
B-2020 Antwerp La Jolla, CA 92093-0636
Belgium USA
Aiming, P.B. Brutsaert, D.L.
Department of Pharmacology and University of Antwerp (RUCA)
Therapeutics Laboratory of Human Physiology &
University of Wales College of Medicine Pathophysiology
Heath Park Groenenborgerlaan 171
Cardiff CF4 4XN B-2020 Antwerp
UK Belgium
Balligand, J.-L. Burnett, Jr., J.C.
FATH/UCL 53.49 Cardiorenal Research Laboratory
Department of Medicine Division of Cardiovascular Diseases and
Université Catholique de Louvain Internal Medicine
Avenue E. Mounier, 53 Mayo Clinic and Foundation
1200 Bruxelles Rochester, MN 55905
Belgium USA
IX