Table Of ContentEmerging-Economy State and International Policy Studies
Takashi Shiraishi
Tetsushi Sonobe Editors
Emerging States
and Economies
Their Origins, Drivers,
and Challenges Ahead
Emerging-Economy State and International
Policy Studies
Series editors
Tetsushi Sonobe, National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies, Tokyo, Japan
Takashi Shiraishi, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan
Akihiko Tanaka, National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies, Tokyo, Japan
Keiichi Tsunekawa, National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies, Tokyo, Japan
Akio Takahara, Graduate School of Public Policy, The University of Tokyo,
Tokyo, Japan
This is the first series to highlight research into the processes and impacts of the
state building and economic development of developing countries in the
non-Western World that have recently come to influence global economy and
governance. It offers a broad and interactive forum for discussions about the
challengesofthesecountries andtheresponses ofother countriestotheirrise.The
term‘emerging-economystate,’apartoftheseriestitle,oritsshorthand‘emerging
states,’ is intended to promote dialogues between economists who have discussed
policy problems faced by ‘emerging-market economies’ and scholars in political
science and international relations who have discussed ‘modern state formation.’
Many emerging states are still in the middle-income status and not immune from
the risk of falling into the middle-income trap. The manner of their external
engagement is different from that of the high-income countries. Their rise has
increased the uncertainty surrounding the world. To reduce the uncertainty, good
understanding of their purpose of politics and state capacity as well as their
economies and societies would be required. Although the emerging states are far
from homogenous, viewing them as a type of countries would force us to
understand better the similarity and differences among the emerging states and
those between them and the high-income countries, which would in turn to help
countries to ensure peace and prosperity. The series welcomes policy studies of
empirical, historical, or theoretical nature from a micro, macro, or global point of
view. It accepts, but does not call for, interdisciplinary studies. Instead, it aims to
promote transdisciplinary dialogues among a variety of disciplines, including but
notlimited toarea studies, economics, history, international relations,andpolitical
science.Relevanttopicsincludeemergingstates’economicpolicies,socialpolicies,
andpolitics,theirexternalengagement,ensuingpolicyreactionsofothercountries,
ensuingsocialchangesindifferentpartsoftheworld,andcooperationbetweenthe
emerging states andother countries to achievethe SustainableDevelopmentGoals
(SDGs). The series welcomes both monographs and edited volumes that are
accessible to academics and interested general readers.
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/16114
Takashi Shiraishi Tetsushi Sonobe
(cid:129)
Editors
Emerging States
and Economies
Their Origins, Drivers, and Challenges Ahead
Editors
Takashi Shiraishi Tetsushi Sonobe
Prefectural University of Kumamoto National Graduate Institute forPolicy
Kumamoto, Japan Studies
Tokyo,Japan
ISSN 2524-5015 ISSN 2524-5031 (electronic)
Emerging-Economy State andInternational Policy Studies
ISBN978-981-13-2633-2 ISBN978-981-13-2634-9 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2634-9
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2018957249
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Preface
Since the turn of the twenty-first century, we have seen the emergence of new
economic powers on an unprecedented scale and the concomitant rise of some
states in regional and/or global affairs. Most of the emerging-economy states are
stillinthemiddle-incomestatus.Theyareneitherimmunefrommiddle-incometrap
nor status quoists as advanced industrialized democracies. Their future is full of
uncertainties, both political and economic. Yet their rise is as significant a devel-
opmentastheriseofthe“West”inthenineteenthcenturyandwillhaveenormous
bearings on world affairs.
It is with this question in mind that we have assembled a group of economists,
political scientists and historians and organized a joint research project. We have
asked three sets of questions: what challenges the emerging states and economies
face and how they are trying to meet them, what their long-term historical trajec-
toriesare,bothpoliticalandeconomic,inmoderntimes,andwhatlessonswelearn
from their rise for state building and economic development.
More than 50 academics, affiliated with universities or government think-tanks,
have joined the group: economists who have been working on developing and
emerging economies, political scientists who have examined developmentalist
regimesanddemocratizationinthenon-“Western”world,andhistorianswhohave
studied state formation and economic history in global and regional comparative
perspectives.Thefour-volumeStudiesofEmerging-EconomyStateseries,ofwhich
thisbookisthefirsttoshowcase ourtakeonemerging statesandeconomies, isan
important product of our common endeavors. The series will include Paths to the
Emerging State in Asia and Africa, which offers historical and contemporary case
studies of the transition to an emerging state, Developmental State Building: The
Politics of Emerging Economies which is an attempt to revisit and revitalize the
notion of developmental state with more nuanced analysis of the role of human
agency in structural transformation, and Emerging States at Crossroads, which
analyzes economic, social, and political challenges emerging states and economies
confront.
v
vi Preface
Inthecourse ofthe5-year jointresearch, wehave developedalivelyforumfor
transdisciplinary dialogue, in which far more than our joint research project
members participate. And we are pleased that the forum is now being boosted
further by Springer Nature’s new book series Emerging-Economy States and
International Policy Studies, which seeks to publish monographs and edited vol-
umes on a variety of topics related to emerging states and economies and policy
studies.
Many people have contributed to the preparation of this and other books in the
seriesaswellastheslowmaturationoftheprojectitself.Particularly,wewouldlike
tothankChrisBaker,PeterJ.Katzenstein,TaizoMiyagi,KeiichiroOizumi,thelate
Cayetano Paderanga, Pasuk Phongpaichit, Osamu Saito, Hiroshi Nakanishi, and
Akihiko Tanaka. Members of our research project who are not authors of chapters
in this volume also gave us useful and valuable comments. We thank Caroline Sy
Hau,KhooBooTeik,YusukeTakagi,andKeijiroOtsukaamongmanyothers.The
projecthasorganizedmanyseminars,workshops,andconferencesoverthe5years
attheNationalGraduateInstituteforPolicyStudies(GRIPS)andotherplaces.We
thank all participants and people who have made those seminars, workshops and
conferences happen, especially GRIPS staff, including Akiko Ishikawa, Yu Ito,
Eriko Kimura, Miori Maeda, and Yasuko Takano. We are also grateful to Jumpei
Watanabe, Shiho Fujiwara, Toshihide Arimura, and Kengo Soga for advice about
the project organization and management.
Funding forourprojectmanagementandourstudies included inthis series was
provided by Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI Grant
Numbers 25101001, 25101002, 251004, 251005, 251006, and 15K21728. The
support from KAKENHI Grant Number 25101002 made the Open Access publi-
cation of this series possible.
Kumamoto, Japan Takashi Shiraishi
Tokyo, Japan Tetsushi Sonobe
Contents
1 Emerging States and Economies in Asia: A Historical
and Comparative Perspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Takashi Shiraishi
2 Globalization and the Emerging State: Past Advance
and Future Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Keiichi Tsunekawa
3 The Asian Path of Economic Development: Intra-regional
Trade, Industrialization and the Developmental State . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Kaoru Sugihara
4 Financing Colonial State Building: A Comparative Study
of the 19th Century Singapore and Hong Kong . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Takeshi Onimaru
5 China’s Emerging State in Historical Perspective. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
R. Bin Wong
6 A History of the Indian Economy in Asian and Global
Contexts, 1810s–2010s. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Sugata Bose
7 Middle-Income Trap in Emerging States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Tetsushi Sonobe
vii
Editors and Contributors
About the Editors
Takashi Shiraishi is Chancellor, Prefectural University of Kumamoto. He
receivedhisPh.D.inhistoryfromCornellUniversityandtaughtattheUniversityof
Tokyo,CornellUniversity,KyotoUniversity,NationalGraduateInstituteforPolicy
Studies (GRIPS), and Ritsumeikan University. He served as Executive Member,
Council for Science and Technology Policy (CSTP), Cabinet Office, President,
GRIPS, and President, Institute of Developing Economies-JETRO. He also served
as editor, Indonesia, Cornell Southeast Asia Program and editor-in-chief, nip-
pon.com, a multilingual online journal. He was awarded the Medal with Purple
Ribbon and designated to the Order of Cultural Merit. He was awarded the Medal
of Bintang Jasa Utama from Indonesia. He is the author of three award-winning
books:AnAgeinMotion(Ithaca:CornellUniversityPress,1990,OhiraMasayoshi
Asia Pacific Award), Indonesia: Kokka to Seiji (Government and politics in
Indonesia, Tokyo: Libroport, 1990; Suntory Academic Award), and Umi no
Teikoku (Empires oftheseas, Tokyo:Chuokoron, 2000; Yomiuri-Yoshino Sakuzo
Award). His recent works include Chugoku wa Higashi-Ajia wo Do’o Kaeruka
(How is China changing East Asia? Tokyo: Chuo Koron, 2012, coauthored with
Caroline Sy Hau), and Kaiyo Ajia vs. Tairiku Ajia (Maritime Asia vs. Mainland
Asia, Kyoto: Minerva, 2016).
Tetsushi Sonobe is Vice President of National Graduate Institute for Policy
Studies(GRIPS)andadevelopmenteconomist.Hisscholarshiphascontributedtoa
deeper understanding of industrial clusters, business management, public service
delivery,andindustrialdevelopmentindevelopingcountriesbasedonanumberof
case studies conducted in Asia and Africa. Before joining GRIPS, he was a pro-
fessorofeconomicsatTokyoMetropolitanUniversityandaseniorresearcheratthe
Foundation for Advanced Studies on International Development. He received his
Ph.D. in economics from Yale University. He is a coauthor of Cluster-based
ix
x EditorsandContributors
industrial development: an East Asian model (Palgrave Macmillan, 2006),
Cluster-based industrial development: a comparative study of Asia and Africa
(Palgrave Macmillan, 2011), and Cluster-based industrial development: kaizen
managementforMSEgrowthindevelopingcountries(PalgraveMacmillan,2014).
He is a coeditor of Applying the kaizen in Africa: a new avenue for industrial
development (Palgrave Macmillan, 2018). He is a recipient of the Nikkei Prize for
Outstanding Book Publication and the Ohira Masayoshi Memorial Prize.
Contributors
Sugata Bose Department of History, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
Takeshi Onimaru Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
Takashi Shiraishi Prefectural University of Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan
Tetsushi Sonobe Graduate School of Policy Studies, National Graduate Institute
for Policy Studies (GRIPS), Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
Kaoru Sugihara Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto, Japan
Keiichi Tsunekawa National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies, Tokyo, Japan
R. Bin Wong University of California, Los Angeles, USA
