Electrical Applications for Air Conditioning & Refrigeration Systems

881 Pages·1999·10.12 MB·English

by  Billy C. Langley

Electrical Applications for Air Conditioning
title:
& Refrigeration Systems
author: Langley, Billy C.
publisher: The Fairmont Press
isbn10 | asin: 0881732737
print isbn13: 9780881732733
ebook isbn13: 9780585193755
language: English
Air conditioning--Electric equipment,
subject Refrigeration and refrigerating machinery--
Electric equipment.
publication date: 2000
lcc: TK4035.A35L36 2000eb
ddc: 697.9/3
Air conditioning--Electric equipment,
subject: Refrigeration and refrigerating machinery--
Electric equipment.
Page iii
Electrical Applications for Air Conditioning &
Refrigeration Systems
by Billy C. Langley
Page iv
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Langley, Billy C., 1931-
Electrical applications for air conditioning & refrigeration systems
by Billy C. Langley.
p. cm.
Includes index.
ISBN 0-88173-273-7
1. Air conditioningElectric equipment. 2. Refrigeration and
refrigerating machineryElectric equipment. I. Title.
TK4035.A35L36 1999 697.9'3--dc21 98-54804
CIP
Electrical applications for air conditioning & refrigeration systems by
Billy C. Langley.
©2000 by The Fairmont Press, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this
publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any
means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or
any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in
writing from the publisher.
Published by The Fairmont Press, Inc.
700 Indian Trail
Lilburn, GA 30047
Printed in the United States of America
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
ISBN 0-88173-273-7 FP
ISBN 0-13-014307-3 PH
While every effort is made to provide dependable information, the
publisher, authors, and editors cannot be held responsible for any
errors or omissions.
Distributed by Prentice Hall PTR
Prentice-Hall, Inc.
A Simon & Schuster Company
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Prentice-Hall International (UK) Limited, London
Prentice-Hall of Australia Pty. Limited, Sydney
Prentice-Hall Canada Inc., Toronto
Prentice-Hall Hispanoamericana, S.A, Mexico
Prentice-Hall of India Private Limited, New Delhi
Prentice-Hall of Japan, Inc., Tokyo
Simon & Schuster Asia Pte. Ltd., Singapore
Editora Prentice-Hall do Brasil, Ltda., Rio de Janeiro
Page v
PREFACE
Electrical Applications for Air Conditioning & Refrigeration Systems
Electrical Applications for Air Conditioning & Refrigeration Systems
is designed in units so that the reader will only need to refer to the
section to which he/she is concerned. This eliminates the need for
thumbing through the complete book for the wanted information.
Each unit is separated into a presentation of that particular subject,
control or operational theory. Also included is troubleshooting
procedures and check-out procedures so the reader will have the
necessary information at hand for quick reference. The reader may
also want to study the material at a more leisurely time so that a better
understanding is obtained from the material presented.
The material covers basic electricity in an easy to follow format.
Electronics is presented so that the reader can learn the basics of solid-
state theory or just study the material required for the particular job at
hand. The controls are presented in a clear and concise manner so the
reader can quickly learn how the control works, how it is used in the
system. Information on how to make operational checks and
troubleshoot the control for proper operation are also included.
There are ninety-one units in the book. Each one is devoted to the
control, theory, or troubleshooting procedure for that particular
component. Electrical Applications for Air Conditioning &
Refrigeration Systems will make a good reference book as well as a
self study course for anyone needing instruction in this field of study.
Page vii
CONTENTS
Section 1: Electrical Fundamentals
Unit 1: What is Electricity 2
Unit 2: Atomic Theory 3
Unit 3: Electrical Charges 9
Unit 4: Electron Flow 14
Unit 5: Electric Current 22
Unit 6: Ohm's Law 29
Unit 7: Electrical Instruments 33
Unit 8: Conductors and Insulators 50
Unit 9: Wire Size and Voltage Drop 52
Unit 10: Electrical Circuits 60
Unit 11: Sizing Wire for an Electric Circuit 64
Unit 12: Alternating Current 70
Unit 13: Electrical Distribution Systems 79
Unit 14: Distribution Center 83
Unit 15: Single-Phase-60 HZ Voltage Systems 86
Unit 16: Three-Phase Voltage Systems 90
Unit 17: 208-Volt-Three-Phase-60 HZ "WYE" System 94
Unit 18: Higher Voltage Systems 96
Unit 19: The Meter Loop 97
Unit 20: Circuit Protection Devices 99
Unit 21: Inductance and Reactance 102
Unit 22: Capacitance and Capacitors 106
Unit 23: Magnetism 116
Unit 24: Electromagnetism 123
Unit 25: Electricity and Magnetism at Work 128
Section 2: Single-Phase Electric Motors
Unit 26: Electric Motor Theory 135
Unit 27: Split-Phase Motors 140
Unit 28: Permanent-Split Capacitor (PSC) Motors 142
Unit 29: Capacitor-Start/Capacitor-Run (CSCR) Motors 144
Unit 30: The Shaded-Pole Motor 145
Unit 31: Multi-Speed Motors 148
Unit 32: Dual-Voltage Motors 152
Unit 33: Terminal Identification 154
Unit 34: Reversing Motor Rotation 156
Unit 35: Troubleshooting 158
Page viii
Section 3: Three-Phase Motors
Unit 36: Three-Phase Motor Principles 168
Unit 37: The Squirrel Cage Motor 177
Unit 38: The Wound Rotor Motor 182
Unit 39: The Synchronous Motor 188
Section 4: Control Devices
Unit 40: Disconnect Switch 193
Unit 41: Fused Disconnect 194
Unit 42: Circuit Breaker Panels 195
Unit 43: Single-Phase Motor Protectors 196
Unit 44: Solid State Protectors 203
Unit 45: Magnetic Overload 210
Unit 46: Relays 212
Unit 47: Starting Relays 214
Unit 48: Thermostats 226
Unit 49: Pressure Controls 244
Unit 50: Oil Safety Controls 251
Unit 51: Defrost Timers 259
Unit 52: Starters and Contactors 280
Unit 53: Humidistats 283
Unit 54: The Transformer 285
Unit 55: Variable-Speed Motor Controller 288
Unit 56: Flow Switches 293
Unit 57: Fan and Limit Controls 295
Unit 58: Solenoid Valves 305
Unit 59: The Short-Cycle Timer 307
Unit 60: Reversing (Four-Way) Valves 309
Unit 61: Pilot Duty Overloads 312
Unit 62: Temperature Sensing Methods 315
Unit 63: Manual Switches 330
Unit 64: Push-Button Switches 332
Unit 65: Troubleshooting Electric Control Devices 333
Section 5: Electrical Control Circuits
Basic Wiring Symbols: 342
Unit 66: Wiring Diagrams and Schematics 346
Unit 67: Pictorial Wiring Diagrams 364
Unit 68: Installation Wiring Diagrams 366