Education and HIV/AIDS: A Sourcebook of HIV/AIDS Prevention

396 Pages·2003·2.59 MB·English

by  Jay Hurst

Education and HIV/AIDS:
A Sourcebook of HIV/AIDS
Prevention Programs
©2003
The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank
1818 H Street, NW
Washington, DC 20433
All rights reserved.
The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed here are those of the authors and do not
necessarily reflect the views of the Board of Executive Directors of the World Bank or the govern-
ments they represent.
The World Bank cannot guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work.
This Sourcebookis available electronically at
http://www.schoolsandhealth.org
or http://www.unesco.org/education/ibe/ichae.
Reports in French and Portuguese and in CD format are planned.
For further information or to order printed copies of the Sourcebookor CDs, contact the World Bank
Education Advisory Service on the Web at
http://www.worldbank.org/education
or by e-mail at
[email protected]
or by mail at
Education Advisory Service
The World Bank
1818 H Street, NW
Washington, DC 20433
USA
Contents
v Acronyms and Acknowledgments
1 Section 1: About the Sourcebook
7 Section 2: Program Summaries
9 Mozambique —Action Aid: Stepping Stones Program
10 Mozambique —UNFPA and Pathfinder International: Geração Biz, Youth-Friendly
Health Clinics
11 Senegal — The Group for the Study and Teaching of Population Issues (GEEP):
An Experiment to Prevent the Spread of HIV/AIDS Among Schoolchildren
12 South Africa— loveLife: Promoting Sexual Health and Healthy Lifestyles for
Young People in South Africa
13 South Africa — Soul Buddyz:A Multimedia Edutainment Project for Children
in South Africa
14 Tanzania— AMREF, LSHTM, and NIMR: MEMA Kwa Vijana Program
15 Tanzania — Students Partnership Worldwide: School Health Education
Program (SHEP)
16 Uganda — GOAL: The Baaba Project
17 Uganda — Straight Talk Foundation
18 Zambia — Copperbelt Health Education Project (CHEP): The In-School Program
19 Zambia — Planned Parenthood Association of Zambia (PPAZ), Family Life
Movement of Zambia (FLMZ), and Swedish Association for Sexuality Education
(RFSU): Kafue Adolescent Reproductive Health Project (KARHP), Peer Education
Through Family Life Education Clubs
20 Zimbabwe — Africare: Adolescent Reproductive Health Project, AIDS Action
Clubs in Schools
21 Zimbabwe — Midlands AIDS Service Organisation (MASO): Youth Alive
Initiatives Project
23 Section 3: The Programs
Mozambique
27 Action Aid: Stepping Stones Program
49 UNFPA and Pathfinder International: Geração Biz, Youth-Friendly Health Clinics
Senegal
73 The Group for the Study and Teaching of Population Issues (GEEP): An
Experiment to Prevent the Spread of HIV/AIDS Among Schoolchildren
South Africa
103 loveLife: Promoting Sexual Health and Healthy Lifestyles for Young People
in South Africa
123 Soul Buddyz: A Multimedia Edutainment Project for Children in South Africa
Tanzania
153 AMREF, LSHTM, and NIMR: MEMA Kwa Vijana Program
173 Students Partnership Worldwide: School Health Education Program (SHEP)
Uganda
205 GOAL: The Baaba Project
235 Straight Talk Foundation
Zambia
265 Copperbelt Health Education Project (CHEP): The In-School Program
295 PPAZ, FLMZ, and RFSU: Kafue Adolescent Reproductive Health Project (KARHP),
Peer Education Through Family Life Education Clubs
Zimbabwe
325 Africare: Adolescent Reproductive Health Project; AIDS Action Clubs in Schools
353 Midlands AIDS Service Organisation (MASO): Youth Alive Initiatives Project
379 Section 4: Appendix. Lessons Learned About
School-Based Approaches to Reducing HIV/AIDS-
Related Risk
Acronyms and
Acknowledgments
ACRONYMS
ACESS Alliance for Children’s Entitlement to Social Security
ACI Africa Consultants International
AIC AIDS Information Centre
AIDS acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
AIDSCAP AIDSControl and Prevention Project
AIDSCOM AIDS Technical Support: Public Health Communication Component
AMREF African Medical and Research Foundation
AMODEFA Associacão Mozambican para Defesa da Familia
ANC antenatal clinic
ARVs antiretrovirals
ASRH adolescent sexual and reproductive health
BBC British Broadcasting Corporation
BP British Petroleum
CAA Community AIDS Abroad
CBD community-based distributor
CBO community-based organization
CBoH Central Board of Health
CEO chief executive officer
CEFOREP Centre de Formation et de Recherche en Santé de la Reproduction
CHEP Copperbelt Health Education Project
CIDA/SAT Southern African Training Program
CINDI Children in Distress (project)
COIN Centre d’Orientation et d’Information des Jeunes (Youth Corner)
CPDs condom promoters and distributors
CRDI Centre de Recherche pour le Développement International
CRETF Centre Régional d’Enseignement Technique Féminin
CTA chief technical adviser
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EDUCATION AND HIV/AIDS: A SOURCEBOOK OF HIV/AIDS PREVENTION PROGRAMS
DAAC District AIDS Action Committee
DAC development assistance committee
DANIDA Danish International Development Agency
DEO District Education Officer
DFID Department for International Development (United Kingdom)
DHMT district health management team
DoE Department of Education
DoH Department of Health
DPE disease prevention education
DSW German Foundation for World Population
EDF European Development Fund
EFS économie familiale et sociale (social and family economics)
EJAF Elton John AIDS Foundation
EMP éducation en matière de population (population education)
EU European Union
EVF éducation à la vie familiale (family life education)
EPS éducation pour la santé (health education)
FHT Family Health Trust
FLE family life education
FLMZ Family Life Movement of Zambia
FNUAP Fonds des Nations Unies pour la Population (United Nations Population Fund)
FRESH Focusing Resources on Effective School and Health
GEEP Groupe pour l’Etude et l’Enseignement de la Population
(Group for the Study and Teaching of Population Issues)
GPA Global Programme on AIDS
GTZ Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit
(German Agency for Technical Cooperation)
HALIRA Health and Lifestyle Research
HIV human immunodeficiency virus
HST Health Systems Trust
IATT Inter-Agency Task Team
IBE International Bureau of Education
ICT information communication technology
IDRC International Development Research Centre
IEC information, education, and communication
IIED International Institute for Environment and Development
IIEP International Institute for Educational Planning
INDE Institute Nacional de Desenvolvimento Educacional
(National Institute of Educational Development)
IPPF International Planned Parenthood Foundation
IT information technology
KAB knowledge, attitudes, and behavior
KABP knowledge, attitudes, behavior, and practices
KAP knowledge, attitudes, and practice
KAPB knowledge, attitudes, practices, and beliefs
KARHP Kafue Adolescent Reproductive Health Project
KASH knowledge, attitudes, skills, and habits
vi
ACRONYMS AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
LSE life skills education
LSHTM London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
MASO Midlands AIDS Service Organisation
MBOD Medical Bureau for Occupational Diseases
MFD Media for Development
MoE Ministry of Education
MoEC Ministry of Education and Culture
MoH Ministry of Health
MoYS Ministry of Youth and Sport
MPH Master’s Degree in Public Health (degree)
MTCT mother-to-child transmission
MTN Mobile Telephone Network
NACP National AIDS Control Program
NAFCI National Adolescent Friendly Clinic Initiative
NASHI National Adolescent Sexual Health Initiative
NCRC National Children’s Rights Committee
NGO nongovernmental organization
NIMR National Institute for Medical Research
NORAD Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation
NPA National Plan of Action
NSHP National School Health Program
PDIS Programme de Développement Intégré de la Santé
(Integrated Health Development Program)
PEEP Parent Elder Education Program
PHC primary health care
PNLS Programme Nationale de Lutte contre le SIDA
(National Program for the Fight Against AIDS)
PNPF National Family Planning Programme
PPASA Planned Parenthood Association of South Africa
PPAZ Planned Parenthood Association of Zambia
PPP peer, parent, and provider
PSG project support group
PSI/CMS Population Services International
PTA Parent-Teacher Association
PTC Prevention Training Centres
PWAs persons living with AIDS
RFSU Swedish Association for Sexuality Education
RHRU Reproductive Health Research Unit
SABC South Africa Broadcasting Corporation
SAFAIDS Southern Africa AIDS Information Dissemination Service
SANASO Southern Africa AIDS Network
SCF Save the Children Fund
SCI Sara Communication Initiative
SDC Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation
SHEP School Health Education Program
SIDA Swedish International Development Authority
SPW Students Partnership Worldwide
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EDUCATION AND HIV/AIDS: A SOURCEBOOK OF HIV/AIDS PREVENTION PROGRAMS
SRH sexual and reproductive health
STD sexually transmitted disease
STF Straight Talk Foundation
STI sexually transmitted infection
SYFA Safeguard Youth from AIDS
TA technical adviser
TAMWA The Tanzania Media Women’s Association
TANESA Tanzania Netherlands Support for AIDS
TASO The AIDS Support Organisation
TOP trainer of peers
TOT trainer of trainers
TSh Tanzanian shilling(s)
UMATI National Family Planning Association
UNAIDS Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS
UNDP United Nations Development Programme
UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization
UNFPA United Nations Population Fund
UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund
UNIFEM United Nations Development Fund for Women
USAID United States Agency for International Development
US Ugandan shilling(s)
VCT voluntary counseling and testing
WHO World Health Organization
YCDP youth community development group
YDC Youth Development Centre
YFHS youth-friendly health service
YFM Youth FM
YWCA Young Women’s Christian Association
ZD Zimbabwean dollar(s)
ZECAB Zambia Educational Capacity Building Program
ZIHP Zambia Integrated Health Program
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ACRONYMS AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This document was prepared by members of the World Bank’s education team led by
Alexandria Valerio and Don Bundy, with technical support from Helen Baños Smith, Katie
Tripp, and Lesley Drake (Partnership for Child Development, Department of Infectious Disease
Epidemiology, Imperial College, United Kingdom), and Seung-Hee Lee (World Bank). We
appreciated the leadership and overall support of Birger Fredriksen, Ruth Kagia, Debrework Zewdie,
Oey Meesook, Keith Hansen, and Dzingai Mutumbuka (World Bank). The production of the Source-
bookwas supported by Ireland Aid.
We are grateful to El Hadji Habib Camara, Glynis Clacherty, David Kaweesa, Esther
Kazilimani-Pale, Adeline Kimambo, Anne Salmi, and Evelyn Serima for collecting the data and
writing drafts of the program reports. We also thank Carolien Albers, Nicola Brennan, Ebrahim
Jassat, Kevin Kelly, Michael Kelly, Dr. Kiwara, Nicole McHugh, Pronch Murray, Warren Naamara,
Justin Nguma, and Malick Semebene for providing their expert advice and guidance in the
participating countries.
Many other people have contributed to discussions of the issues considered here and made
contributions to the reviewing process: David Clarke (Department for International Develop-
ment, United Kingdom), Delia Barcelona (UNFPA), Amaya Gillespie (UNICEF), Michael Kelly
(University of Zambia), Brad Strickland (United States Agency for International Development),
Jack Jones (World Health Organization), Inon Schenker (UNESCO), Carol Coombe (University
of Pretoria, South Africa), and from the World Bank, Sheila Dutta, Hope Phillips, Elizabeth Lule,
and Mercy Tembon.
We appreciated the inputs from our partner agencies, with special thanks to Christine Abbo
(Straight Talk Foundation), Terry Allsop (Department for International Development, United
Kingdom), Rita Badiani (Pathfinder International, Mozambique), Tara Bukow (UNESCO
International Institute for Education Planning), Kevin Byrne (Save the Children, South Africa),
Isabel Byron (UNESCO International Bureau of Education), Jim Cogan (Students Partnership
Worldwide, United Kingdom), Mary Crewe (University of Pretoria, South Africa), Amy
Cunningham (United States Agency for International Development), Babacar Fall (GEEP,
Senegal), Craig Ferla (Students Partnership Worldwide, Tanzania), Laura Ferguson (AMREF,
United Kingdom), Alexander Heroys (AMREF, United Kingdom), Anna-Marie Hoffman
(UNESCO), Aida Girma (UNAIDS, Mozambique), Sue Goldstein (Soul City, South Africa), Simon
Gregson (Imperial College, United Kingdom), Liz Higgins (Ireland Aid), Clement Jumbe
(Ministry of Education, Sport and Culture, Zimbabwe), Virgilio Juvane (Ministry of Educa-
tion, Mozambique), Gloria Kodzwa (UNICEF, Mozambique), Irene Malambo (Ministry of
Education, Zambia), Peter Masika (Youth Aware, Tanzania), Kirsten Mitchell (GOAL, Uganda),
Alick Nyirenda (CHEP, Zambia), Vera Pieroth (AMREF, Tanzania), Faye Richardson and David
Ross (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom), Berit Rylander
(Swedish International Development Authority), Alfredo Santos (Action Aid, Mozambique),
Bobby Soobrayan (Ministry of Education, South Africa), Angela Stewart-Buchanan (loveLife,
South Africa), Kenau Swaru (Ministry of Health, South Africa), George Tembo (UNAIDS,
Zimbabwe), Miriam Temin (Department for International Development, United Kingdom), Alan
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EDUCATION AND HIV/AIDS: A SOURCEBOOK OF HIV/AIDS PREVENTION PROGRAMS
Whiteside (University of Natal, South Africa), John Williamson (United States Agency for
International Development), and from the World Bank, Jaap Bregman, Donald Hamilton, Cathal
Higgins, Wacuka Ikua, Bruce Jones, Noel Kulemeka, Rest Lasway, Emmanuel Malangalila,
Mmamtsetsa Marope, Paud Murphy, Khama Rogo, and Clement Siamatowe.
We also appreciated the technical inputs of Jess Lipson and the staff of Grammarians, Inc., for
the editing, design and layout of the book and the French translations of Gillian Lonsdale and
Bakary Diaby.
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