earthquake simulator testing and analytical studies of two energy-absorbing systems for multistory

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PB92-192988
REPORTNO.
EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH CENTER
UCB/EERC~/03
OCTOBER'1990
.
EARTHQUAKE SIMULATOR TESTING
AND ANALYTICAL STUDIES OF
TWO ENERGY-ABSORBING SYSTEMS
FOR MULTISTORY STRUCTURES
by
IAN D. AIKEN
JAMES M. KElLY
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT BERKELEY
For sale by the National Technical Information
Service, U.S. Department of Commerce, Spring
field,Virginia22161
See back of report for up to date listing of EERC
reports.
DISClAIMER
Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or
recommendations expressed in this publication
are those of the authors and do not necessarily
reflect the views of the Sponsors or the Earth
quake Engineering Research Center, Universityof
CaliforniaatBerkeley.
#12.~~--------...,.11-.~ __- __----_...."......_---~-1-2-. ----~":""'"
RlEl'OR,'i DOCUMENTATION REPORT NO. 3. PB92-192988
PAGE'''' NSFIENG-90003
4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Oate
Earthquake Simulator Testing and Analytical Studies of Two October 1990
Energy-Absorbing Systems for Multistory Structures
7. Author(s) L PerfonnlncOrcantzation Rept. No.
Ian D. Aiken and James M. Kelly UCB/EERC-90/03
9. Performing Oreanlzetion Name and Addres. 10. PrvIKtlTasklWork Unit No.
Earthquake Engineering Research Center
University of California, Berkeley 11. Cont,aet(C)orGrant(G) No.
* .
1301 So. 46th Street
~)Award no. 86-3025
Richmond, Calif. 94804
(G)
12. SponsoringOrganization Nameand...dd..... 13. TypeofReport & Period Cove,ed
National Science Foundation 3M Company Sumitomo Metal Indus.
*Subcontract through NCEER-SUNY 3M Center Osaka Steel Works
1800 G Street St. Paul, MN 1-109, 5-chome,
Washington, D.C. 20550 55144 Shimaya, Konohana-ku 14.
Osaka, 554 Japan
15. Supplementary Not..
_i6:.Abstrac:t (Umit: 200words)
)rh±s study used two different types of energy-absorbing devices to improve the seismic
behavior of a large-scale, multistory steel frame building: a viscoelastic shear damper
designed using an energy approach, and a'friction device with almost perfectly rectangular
hysteresis behavior for which an iterative nonlinear analysis design method was adopted. A
9-story, moment-resisting steel frame representing the basic structure of the study was tested.
'with both types of energy absorbers installed and also in moment-resisting and concentrically-I
braced configurations. The large number of tests permitted numerous comparisons of the four ,-
structural systems. The damped structures were found to have base shears similar to the
moment-resisting frame while reducing drifts to the level of those of the concentrically
braced frame'. Analytical methods suitable for predicting the response of the two damped
structures were studied. A linear analysis incorporating damping on a modal basis produced
-~ery good results for the viscoelastically-damped system. Furthermore, the use of linear
elastic response spectra with high damping gave good results for story shears and displace
ments. A nonlinear analysis of the friction-damped structure was nec~ssaty to ¥~dict the
response accurately. ~~,
I
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EARTHQUAKE SIMULATOR TESTING
AND ANALYTICAL STUDIES OF
TWO ENERGY-ABSORBING SYSTEMS
FOR MULTISTORY STRUCTURES
by
Ian D. Aiken
and
James M. Kelly
Report No. UCB/EERC-90/03
Earthquake Engineering Research Center
College of Engineering
University of California at Berkeley
October 1990

ABSTRACT
This combined experimental and analytical study focusses on the use of two different
types of energy-absorbing devices to improve the seismic behavior of a large-scale, multistory
steel frame building. The energy-absorbing devices studied are a viscoelastic shear damper
designed using an energy approach, and a friction device with almost perfectly rectangular hys
teretic behavior for which an iterative nonlinear analysis design method was adopted.
Extensive earthquake simulator testing of both systems was carried out. A nine-story,
moment-resisting steel frame represented the basic structure of the study. The structure was
tested with both types of energy absorbers installed and also in moment-resisting and
concentrically-braced configurations. The large number of tests performed permitted numerous
different comparisons of the four structural systems. The damped structures were found to
have base shears similar to the moment-resisting frame while reducing drifts to the level of
those ofthe concentrically-braced frame.
Analytical methods suitable for predicting the response of the two damped structures
were studied. It was found that a linear analysis incorporating damping on a modal basis pro
duced very good results for the viscoelastically-damped system. Furthermore, the use of linear
elastic response spectra with high values of damping gave good results for story shears and
displacements. A nonlinear analysis of the friction-damped structure was necessary to predict
the response accurately. A previously developed and extensively used nonlinear time-history
analysis program was used and the friction devices modeled using existing elements. The ana
lyses produced good results.
- i -

- iii-
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The research reported herein was supported by the National Science Foundation and was
conducted at the Earthquake Simulator Laboratory of the Earthquake Engineering Research
Center of the University of California at Berkeley. The dampers used in the experimental pro
gram were supplied by 3M Company and Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd., Japan. Financial
assistance was also provided by Sumitomo.
The authors would like to express their thanks to Messrs. D. Clyde, W. Neighbour, I.
Van Asten, and J. McNab of the Earthquake Simulator Laboratory for their assistance during
the experimental phase of the project. Thanks also are due to Dr. Beverley Bolt for her assis
tance in the editing and preparation of·this report.