Table Of Content'NiccoMlaoc hiavelli
DISCOURSES ON LIVY
Translated
by
HARVEY C. MANSFIELD
& NATHAN TARCOV
DISCOURSES
ON LIVY
,
NICCOLO MACHIAVELLI
(�
-"" ...
DISCOURSES
ON LIVY
Translated by
HarvCe.y Mansfield
and
NathaTanr cov
THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS
Chicag& oL ondon
THEU NIVERSOIFTC YH ICAGPOR ESSC,H ICAG6O0 637
THE UNIVERSIOTFYC HICAGPOR ESSL,T D,L ONDON
© 199b6yTh e UniverosfiC tyh Icago
Alrli ghrtse servePdu bhsh1e9d9 6
Paperbeadictki1 o9n9 8
Pnntedi nt hUem teSdt atoefAms e nca
0504030201 543
ISBN0 -226-500(3c5l-o7t h)
ISBN0 -226-500(3pa6perb-5a ck)
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ISBN0 -226-500(3c5l-o7t ah1 kp aper)
I LIVY2 PolitsICiceancle- Early wotroks1 800 IM ansfielHdarv,e y
Clafin1,9 32- TIarIc oNva.t hanI ITII tle
JC143.M1631139 96
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ANSIZ 394 8-1992
CONTENTS
LiostfA bbreviations XV
introductIOn XVll
SuggestReedad ings xlv
A Notoen t hTer anslation xlix
TranslaAtcoknroswl'de gments lill
DedicaLteoryt ter 3
�FIRST BOOK�
Preacfe 5
I WhatH ave Been Utmhveege mrBnmsgalso lfAy n yC ity Whatevaenrd,
WhatW asT haotf R ome 7
2 OfH owM anyS pecAlreesR epublaincdWs h,i cWha st hReo man
Republic 10
3 WhatA CCldeMnatdset hTen bunoefst hele bPsB eC reamt Reodm e,
WhichM adet hRee pubMloirec P erfect IS
4 Thatth Dei sunoifto hnPel besan d thReo man SenaMtaedT eh at
RepubFlircean de P owerful 16
5 Whereth eG uardo fFr eedMoamy B eS ettlMeodr eSe cu rley, m the
Peopleo r mt he GarnedWa htijcH ha sG reatCearu sfeo Tr umulHte,
Who Wishest oA cqwroerH eW hoW ishteosM amtam 17
6 WhethaeS rt aCtoeu lHda vBee eOnr derme Rd omTeh aWto uldH ave
TakenA wayth eE nmitbieetsw etehnPe e opalnedt hSee nate 20
7 HowF aArc cusatMiaoynB seN ecessm aaryR epublcit oM anitam Itin
Freedom 23
8 AsM uchA sA ccusatAiroeUn sse futlo R epublSiocM su,c hA re
CalumnPieernsi cIOus 26
9 ThaItt NIesc esstaryoB eA lonIefO neW IShest oO rdearR epublic
Aneowrt oR efoIrmtA ltogoeutthseItirsAd nec ieOnrdte rs 28
10 AsM uchA sth eF oudnerso fa eRpubilcan d ofa inKgdom Are
Prawtsoettyh, SoM uchT hosoefaT yrannAyrWe otthoyfR eporach 31
v
-'i CONTENTS.-
II Oft hRee ligoIfOt nh Reo mans 34
12 OfH owM uchI mportaIntIsc t eo T akAec couonftR ehglaonndH, o w
ItafloyLr,a ckiIntbg y M eanosf t hRe omaCnh urcHha,sB eeRnU ined 36
13 Howt hReo manMsa deR ehglSOenr vteoR eordtehrCe i tya ndt oC arry
OutT heiErn terpnasnedts oS toTpu mults 39
14 TheR omanIsn terprtehtAeeu ds piaccecso rdtioNn egc eSSaintdWy i,t h
PrudencMea dea S howo fO bservRienhgg tWohne nF orcNeodt t o
ObserIvtea; n dI fA nyonRea shly DisIdtTa,hi enyPe udm sheHdu n 41
IS TheS ammteassa, n E xtreRmeem edfyo trh Teh ignsA ffilctlTnhge m,
HadR ecourtsoRe e hglon 43
16 A PeopUlsee dt oL lVIunngd earP nncMea intaIitnFsSr eedWoimt h
DtflicultIyf,b Syo meA CCIdIetBn etc omFerse e 44
17 HaVinCgo met oF reedoamC ,o rrupPte opClaen W itthh Ger eatest
DifficulMtayi ntaIitns Ferlefe 47
18 InW hatM odea F reSet atIefT, h erIesO neC,a nB eM aintaiInn ed
CorrupCtl tloersI,;fT herIesN ot,I nW hatM odet oO rdeIrt 49
19 AftaenrE xcellPernitna cW ee ak PrmcCea nM alntaHmi msebluf.t
aftaeW re akO neN o KingdoCma nB eM amtambeydA nothWeera k
One 52
20 TwoV irtuoPurSi ncme Ssu ccesPsrioodnu Gcree aEtff ectasn;dT hat
Well-OrdReerpeudb lHiacvseo fN ecessViitryt uSOuUcSc eSSainodn s,
SoT heiArc qUISiatnIdIO nncsr eAarseeG sr eat 54
21 HowM uchB lamTeh aPtn ncaen dT haRte publMiecn tT haLta ck
TheiOrw nA rms 54
22 WhatI st oB e Notientd h Cea soef t hTeh reReo manH oratalnldt he
ThreAel baCnu natll 56
23 ThatO neS houlNdo tP ut OAlnle 'Fso rtuInnDe an gera,n dN otA ll
One'Fso rcaens;dB ecauosfTe h ist,h Geu adringo fP assesI sO ften
Harmful 57
24 Well-OrdReerpeudb hIcnss tiRteuwtaer andds PumshmenftoTrsh eir
CltlzaenndNs e veCro unterbalOannecW ei tht heO ther 59
25 HeW hoW lShteosR eforma nA ntiquatdeS tamt ea F reCei tyM ay
RetaaitnL eastthS eh adoown tAsn cieMnotd es 60
VI
-'iCONTENTllSll
26 A NewP nncSeh ouMlakde EverytNheiwnI gna C ityo rP roVInce
TakebnyH im 61
27 VeryR areDloy M enK nowH owt oB eA ltogeWtihcekreo dr
Altogether Good 62
28 ForW hatC austeh Reo mansW ereL esUsn gratteofuwla Trhde ir
CitIZTehnastn h Aet hemans 63
29 WhicIhsM oreU ngrataeP fuelo.p olrae P nnce 64
30 WhicMho deasP rinocrae R epubShhco uUlsdeS oA st oA voitdh e
Vicoef IngrataintdWu hdiec;ah C aptaoiran C itiSzheonu Ulsde S o
AsN ott oB eC rushebdyI t 67
31 Thatth Reo maCna ptaWienrseN eveErx rraordPlunmasrhtfelodyar n
ErrCoro mmittendo;Wr e reT heEyv ePru mshWehde n Harm
Resulttoet dhR ee pubthhcr ouTghhe iIrg noraonrtc her ouBgahd
Pohcies AbdyoT phteemd 68
32 A Repubolrta Pc n ncSeh ouNlodt D efeBre nefitMiennIg n T heir
Necessities 70
33 Whenan InconvemHeansGc roew nE ithIen rSa taotrea gaianS stta te.
thMeo reS alutPaorlytI esty oT emponwzietI htR athTehra tno
StriaktIe t 7I
34 TheD lctatAountahloy rO tltdG ooda.n d NHoatr mt.ot hReo man
Repubhacn;dT hatth Aeu thonCtilteIsZ Teanksfeo Tr hemselNvoets .
ThosGei veTnh emb yF reVeo teAsr.eP erniCItOoCU ISV LIilef 73
35 TheC ausWeh yt hCer eatoifto hnDe e cemvlIrnRa otmeeW asH urtful
tot hFer eedoofTm h aRte publNtoct.w ithstThaantdI itWn ags
CreatbeyPd u bhacn dF reVeo tes 76
36 CItizWehnosH. a vHea dG reater HonoNrost D SihsoduaLliedns ser
Ones 77
37 What ScandatlhsAe g rarLiaawnG avBel rtroh RIonm ea;n dT hatto
MakeaL awI na R epubThhca Lto okVse rFya Bra cakn dI sa gamans t
AncieCnuts toomft hCeI tIysM ost Scandalous 78
38 Weak RepubhAcrse H ardlRye soluatnedD o NotKn ow How to
DeCidaen;dI fT heEyv eTra kUep A nyP ohye. ItA rISMeosr ef rom
NeceSSTihtyan nomC holCe 81
39 InD ivePrespoel etsh Sea mAeC CideMnatyOs f teBneS een 83
VIl
,.; CONTE NTS..-
40 TheC reanoofnt hDee cemvlmr aRtoem ea.n dW hatI st oB eN otemd
ItW;h erItIe sC onsidearmeodn.Mg a nyO theTrh mgsH,o wt hrough
Sucahn A ccidOennetC anE ithSearv oer C rusha R epubhc 85
41 ToL eafrpo mH umIlittyoP ndef.rm o Merctyo C ruelWtiyt.h oDuute
DegreIesSs o methImmgp rudeanndt Useless 90
42 HowE asIMleyn CaBneC orrupted 90
43 ThosWeh o Engagme C ombafto Trh eiOrw nG lorAyr eG ooda nd
FaitShoflduile rs 91
44 A MultitWuidteh oauH te adI sU seleansds T;h atO neS houlNdo tF rrst
ThreataenndT henR equeAsutt honty 92
45 Nonobservoafan L caew That Has BeenE sMpaedcieba.ylI latysn d
AuthoIrsa, T hmgT haSte tasB adE xamplaen;dt oF rehesnN ew
InlunEevse rDya ym aC itIysM ostH armfutlo W hoeveGro verInts 93
46 MenA scenfrdo mO neA mbItItooAn n othFeirr;Os nte S eekNso tt oB e
Offendeadn,dT henO neO ffendOst hers 95
47 HoweveDre ceivIenGd e neralMIenneA sr.eN otD eceivme Pda rticul9a6r s
48 HeW ho WISheTsh aatM agistrNaoctBy e G ivetnoS omeonVei loer
SomeonWei ckeSdh oulHda veI tA skefdo Eri thbeyrS omeonTeo o
Vilaen dT ooW ickeodrb yS omeone Too aNnodTb oloGe o od 99
49 IfT hosCei tiTehsa Hta veh ada F reBee gInnSIuncgah.s R omeH.a ve
Difficulmty F mdmgL awTsh aWt ilMalm tamT hemT.h osTeh at
HaveH adO neI mmediaSteerlvyHr alveeA lmosatnI m posslbllr1t00y
50 OneC ouncourO neM agtstSrhaotuelN do tB eA blteo S totph Aec tIOns
ofC ines 102
51 A Repubolrra cP rInScheo ulMda kea S howo fDomgt hrough
LiberaWlhIattNy e ceSSCiotnys trHaimmst oD o 103
52 ToR epretshsIe n soleonfOc nee I ndlVlWdhuoal R iseUsp m a
PowerfulR epublTIhce.rI esN o MoreS ecuarnedL esSsc andalous
ModeT hanto An tiCipate thWea ysb yW hicHhe C ometso T hat
Power 103
53 ManyT Imetsh Pee ople DIetSOsIw rneR sU In. Decbeyai F vaelds e
AppearaonfGc oeo da;n dT haGtr eaHto peasn dM ightyPr omisse
EasIMloyv eI t 105
54 How MuchA uthonatG yr ave MMaanyH avet oC hecakn E XCited
Multlwde 108
Vlll
