Table Of ContentC R U E L
B U T
N O T
U N U S U A L
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C R U E L
3rd edition
B U T
N O T
U N U S U A L
Violence in Families in Canada
RAMONA ALAGGIA and CATHY VINE,
editors
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WILFRID LAURIER
UNIVERSITY PRESS
Wilfrid Laurier University Press acknowledges the support of the Canada Council for the Arts for our
publishing program. We acknowledge the financial support of the Government of Canada through the
Canada Book Fund for our publishing activities. Funding provided by the Government of Ontario and
the Ontario Arts Council. This work was supported by the Research Support Fund.
aunn Oorngtaanriiosm geo vdeur ngmouevnet rangeemnecnyt de l’Ontario
Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication
Title: Cruel but not unusual : violence in families in Canada / Ramona Alaggia and Cathy Vine, editors.
Names: Alaggia, Ramona, 1957- editor. | Vine, Cathy, 1958- editor.
Description: 3rd edition. | Previous edition had subtitle: Violence in Canadian families. |
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: Canadiana (print) 20210376554 | Canadiana (ebook) 20210376562 | ISBN 9781771125352
(softcover) | ISBN 9781771125369 (EPUB) | ISBN 9781771125376 (PDF)
Subjects: LCSH: Family violence—Canada. | LCSH: Women—Violence against—Canada. | LCSH:
Children and violence—Canada. | LCSH: Abused elderly—Canada.
Classification: LCC HV6626.23.C3 C79 2022 | DDC 362.82/920971—dc23
Cover design by Martyn Schmoll. Interior design by Daiva Villa.
© 2022 Wilfrid Laurier University Press
Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
www.wlupress.wlu.ca
Printed in Canada
Every reasonable effort has been made to acquire permission for copyright material used in this text,
and to acknowledge all such indebtedness accurately. Any errors and omissions called to the publisher’s
attention will be corrected in future printings.
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form
or by any means, without the prior written consent of the publisher or a licence from the Canadian
Copyright Licensing Agency (Access Copyright). For an Access Copyright licence, visit http://www.
accesscopyright.ca or call toll-free to 1-800-893-5777.
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Wilfrid Laurier University Press is located on the Haldimand Tract, part of
the traditional territories of the Haudenosaunee, Anishinaabe, and Neutral
Peoples. This land is part of the Dish with One Spoon Treaty between the
Haudenosaunee and Anishnaabe Peoples and symbolizes the agreement
to share, to protect our resources, and not to engage in conflict. We are
grateful to the Indigenous Peoples who continue to care for and remain
interconnected with this land. Through the work we publish in partnership
with our authors, we seek to honour our local and larger community rela-
tionships, and to engage with the diversity of collective knowledge integral
to responsible scholarly and cultural exchange.
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Contents
Acknowledgements xi
Introduction: Radical Resilience for the Times We Live In 1
Ramona Alaggia and Cathy Vine
Spotlight: Radical Resilience—From Individual
Self-Care to Collective Action 5
GROUNDING OUR WORK
1 Violence, Trauma, and Resilience 13
Michael Ungar, Delphine Collin-Vézina, and Bruce D. Perry
Spotlight: Guidelines for Trauma-Informed Practice to Build
Resilience 32
2 Violence Against Women: A Structural Perspective 43
Colleen Lundy
Spotlight: A Stalled Revolution and Ways to Move Forward 65
3 Easier Said Than Done: Disclosing Gender-Based Violence
in the MeToo Era 75
Ramona Alaggia
Spotlight: Ten Ways to Provide a Trauma-Informed Response
to Gender-Based Violence Disclosures 86
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4 Giving Voice to Women and Children Killed in the Context
of Domestic Homicide: Lessons Learned from Death Review
Committees 99
Peter Jaffe, Deborah Sinclair, Laura Olszowy, Michael Saxton, Katherine
Reif, and Carolyn O’Connor
Spotlight: Parent Alienation as a Shield Against Domestic
Violence Allegations 121
INTENTIONALLY MARGINALIZED COMMUNITIES AND
VIOLENCE
5 Systemic Oppression, Violence, and Healing in Indigenous Families
and Communities 147
C yndy Baskin
Spotlight: Progress Report on the TRC’s Calls to Action 169
6 Black Out: State-Sanctioned Violence and the Black Experience
in Canada 189
Roberta K. Timothy
Spotlight: Recommendations for Resisting Anti-Black State-
Sanctioned Violence 203
7 Linking the Structural Violence of Immigration to Gender-Based
Violence Against Non-Status, Refugee, and Immigrant Women
in Canada 213
Rupaleem Bhuyan and Margarita Pintín-Perez
Spotlight: Building Leadership Capacity to Address Gender-
Based Violence Against Non-Status, Refugee, and Immigrant
Women Across Canada 230
8 Taking Up Power, Control, and Exclusion: Partner Abuse Within
LGBTQI2S+ Communities 243
J. Roy Gillis, Shaindl L. Diamond, and Mariam Ayoub
Spotlight: Community Call to Action 268
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9 Violence, Protection, and Empowerment in the Lives of People
with Disabilities 283
Sonia A. C. Sobon and Richard Sobsey
Spotlight: Questions about Empowerment and Domination 305
VIOLENCE ACROSS THE LIFE COURSE
10 More Than Just “Ghosts in the Nursery”: How Violence and
Trauma in the Lives of Infants and Young Children Affect Parenting
and Child Development 321
Angelique Jenney and Chaya Kulkarni
Spotlight: Baby Amy and the Impact of Intimate Partner Violence
and Trauma 333
11 Addressing Child Maltreatment in Canada: What Have We
Learned? 349
Cathy Vine, Melanie Doucet, Nico Trocmé, and Barbara Fallon
Spotlight: Three Ways to Reduce Child Maltreatment in Canada 388
12 “Correcting what is evil in the child”: Child Corporal Punishment
and Canadian Law 405
Anne McGillivray and Joan E. Durrant
Spotlight: Positive Discipline in Everyday Parenting 420
13 Thinking It Was Love: Adolescent Dating Violence 431
Martine Hébert, Alison Paradis, Mylène Fernet, Andréanne Fortin,
and Laurie Fortin
Spotlight: SPARX, a Multicomponent Program 442
14 Whose Failure to Protect? Child Welfare Interventions When
Men Abuse Mothers 461
Susan Strega
Spotlight: Promising Interventions with Violent Fathers 478
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