Concepts and Methods in Infectious Disease Surveillance

299 Pages·2014·6.282 MB·English

by  Nkuchia M. M'ikanatha, John Iskander

Concepts and
methods in
infectious disease
surveillance

Concepts and
methods in
infectious disease
surveillance
EDITED BY
Nkuchia M.M’ikanatha

Surveillance Epidemiologist
Pennsylvania Department of Health
Harrisburg, PA, USA
John K.Iskander

CAPT, United States Public Health Service
Senior Medical Consultant
Office of the Associate Director for Science
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Atlanta, GA, USA
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Concepts and methods in infectious disease surveillance / edited by Nkuchia M. M’ikanatha, John K. Iskander.
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-470-65939-7 (paper)
I. M’ikanatha, Nkuchia M., editor. II. Iskander, John K., editor.
[DNLM: 1. Communicable Disease Control. 2. Disease Notification. 3. Disease Outbreaks–prevention & control.
4. Public Health Surveillance–methods. WA 110]
RC111
616.9–dc23
2014017664
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be
available in electronic books.
Cover image: Left-hand image: adapted from Snow, John. On the Mode of Communication of Cholera, 2nd edition. London:
John Churchill, New Burlington Street, England, 1855. Reproduced with permission of Ralph R. Frerichs, University of
California, Los Angeles School of Public Health Department of Epidemiology. Right-hand image: developed by Louisa
Chapman with the Situational Awareness Unit of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Emergency
Operations.
Cover design by Andy Meaden
Set in 8.5/12 pt MeridienLTStd by Toppan Best-set Premedia Limited
1 2015
Contents
List of contributors, vii 9 Surveillance of healthcare-associated
infections, 78
Foreword, x
Lennox K. Archibald and Theresa J. McCann
Preface, xiii
10 Surveillance for zoonotic diseases, 92
Acknowledgments, xv
Linda Capewell Pimentel and Ethel V. Taylor
Acronyms and abbreviations, xvi
11 Surveillance of viral hepatitis infections, 107
Daniel R. Church, Gillian A. Haney, Monina Klevens,
SECTION I: Introduction to infectious and Alfred DeMaria, Jr.
disease surveillance 12 Surveillance for sexually transmitted diseases, 122
1 Surveillance as a foundation for infectious disease Elizabeth A. Torrone and Kyle T. Bernstein
prevention and control, 3 13 Surveillance for HIV in the United States, 132
Nkuchia M. M’ikanatha and John K. Iskander Eve D. Mokotoff and James J. Gibson
2 The legal basis for public health surveillance, 7 14 Public health surveillance for tuberculosis, 147
Gail Horlick and Jean O’Connor Lori R. Armstrong and Roque Miramontes
3 National, state, and local public health surveillance
systems, 14
SECTION III: Methods used in surveillance
Ruth A. Jajosky and Jennifer Ward
and data analysis
4 Quarantine and the role of surveillance in
15 Analysis and interpretation of surveillance
nineteenth-century public health, 26
data, 163
David S. Barnes
Louisa E. Chapman and James N. Tyson
16 Global surveillance for emerging infectious
SECTION II: Specific surveillance systems
diseases, 177
5 Surveillance for vaccine-preventable diseases Jennifer B. Nuzzo
and immunization, 33
17 Infectious disease surveillance and global
Daniel C. Payne
security, 189
6 Surveillance for seasonal and novel influenza David L. Blazes and Sheri Lewis
viruses, 41
18 Implementation of the National Electronic Disease
Bruno Christian Ciancio and Piotr Kramarz
Surveillance System in South Carolina, 200
7 Population-based surveillance for bacterial Eric Brenner
infections of public health importance, 58
19 Practical considerations in implementation of
Lee H. Harrison and Gayle Fischer Langley
electronic laboratory reporting for infectious
8 Surveillance for foodborne diseases, 69 disease surveillance, 208
Elaine Scallan and Casey Barton Behravesh Richard S. Hopkins and Nkuchia M. M’ikanatha
v
vi Contents
20 Use of geographic information systems in 22 Lessons learned in epidemiology and surveillance
infectious disease surveillance, 219 training in New York City, 243
Rebecca J. Eisen and Lars Eisen Elizabeth Chuang and Carolyn Greene
SECTION IV: Cross-cutting issues in Index, 255
infectious disease surveillance
21 Communication of surveillance findings, 233
Brian G. Southwell and Bridget J. Kelly
List of contributors
Lennox K. Archibald Eric Brenner
Hospital Epidemiologist Medical Epidemiologist
Malcom Randall Veterans Administration Medical Center South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental
North Florida/South Georgia Veterans Health System Control
Gainesville, FL, USA Columbia, SC, USA
Lori R. Armstrong Louisa E. Chapman
Epidemiologist Captain, U.S. Public Health Service
Division of Tuberculosis Elimination Medical Epidemiologist
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Public Health Surveillance Program Office
Atlanta, GA, USA Office of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Laboratory Services
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
David S. Barnes Atlanta, GA, USA
Associate Professor
Department of History and Sociology of Science Elizabeth Chuang
University of Pennsylvania Assistant Professor
Philadelphia, PA, USA Department of Family and Social Medicine
Palliative Care Services
Casey Barton Behravesh Montefiore Medical Center
Commander, U.S. Public Health Service Bronx, NY, USA
Deputy Branch Chief
Outbreak Response and Prevention Branch Daniel R. Church
Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Epidemiologist/Viral Hepatitis Coordinator
Diseases Bureau of Infectious Disease
National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Hinton State Laboratory Institute
Diseases Massachusetts Department of Public Health
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Jamaica Plain, MA, USA
Atlanta, GA, USA
Bruno Christian Ciancio
Kyle T. Bernstein Head, Epidemiological Methods Section
Director Surveillance and Response Support Unit
Applied Research, Community Health Epidemiology, and European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
Surveillance Stockholm, Sweden
Population Health Division
San Francisco Department of Public Health Alfred DeMaria, Jr.
San Francisco, CA, USA State Epidemiologist, Medical Director
Bureau of Infectious Disease
David L. Blazes Hinton State Laboratory Institute
Director, Military Tropical Medicine Massachusetts Department of Public Health
US Navy Specialty Leader for Infectious Diseases Jamaica Plain, MA, USA
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences,
Bethesda, MD, USA
vii
viii List of contributors
Rebecca J. Eisen John K. Iskander
Research Biologist CAPT, United States Public Health Service
Division of Vectorborne Diseases Senior Medical Consultant
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Office of the Associate Director for Science
Fort Collins, CO, USA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Atlanta, GA, USA
Lars Eisen
Associate Professor Ruth A. Jajosky
Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology Epidemiologist
Colorado State University Division of Health Informatics and Surveillance
Fort Collins, CO, USA Center for Surveillance, Epidemiology and Laboratory
Services
James J. Gibson Office of Public Health Scientific Services
Director of Disease Control and State Epidemiologist (Retired) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Atlanta, GA, USA
Control
Columbia, SC, USA Bridget J. Kelly
Health Communication Research Scientist
Carolyn Greene RTI International
Deputy Commissioner Washington, DC, USA
Division of Epidemiology
New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene Monina Klevens
Queens, NY, USA Medical Epidemiologist
Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch
Gillian A. Haney Division of Viral Hepatitis
Director Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Integrated Surveillance and Informatics Services Atlanta, GA, USA
Bureau of Infectious Disease
Hinton State Laboratory Institute Piotr Kramarz
Massachusetts Department of Public Health Deputy Chief Scientist
Jamaica Plain, MA, USA European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
Stockholm, Sweden
Lee H. Harrison
Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit Gayle Fischer Langley
Division of Infectious Diseases Medical Epidemiologist
University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health and Respiratory Diseases Branch
School of Medicine National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases
Pittsburgh, PA, USA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Atlanta, GA, USA
Richard S. Hopkins
Department of Epidemiology Sheri Lewis
Colleges of Public Health and Health Professions and of Global Disease Surveillance PM
Medicine Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory
University of Florida Columbia, MD, USA
Gainesville, FL, USA
Theresa J. McCann
Gail Horlick Associate Dean of Basic and Allied Health Sciences
Senior Legal Analyst Director, Simulation Center Education and Research
Office of Scientific Integrity Epidemiologist and Professor, Department of Behavioral
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Sciences
Atlanta, GA, USA School of Medicine, St. George’s University
Grenada