Compendium of Sustainable Energy Laws (IUCN Academy of Environmental Law Research Studies) (v. 2)

606 Pages·2005·3.06 MB·English

by  Richard L. Ottinger

IUCNACADEMYOFENVIRONMENTALLAWRESEARCHSTUDIES
Compendium of Sustainable Energy Laws
Energy law – up until today – has addressed only how to generate electricity, mine coal,
extractoilandgas,anddistributeenergysources.Withcontemporaryconcernsforclimate
modificationduetoemissionsfromburningfossilfuels,newenergytradingsystemshave
emergedtoencouragetheuseofsolar,wind,geothermal,andotherrenewablesources,as
wellashydrologicalsources.Inaddition,lawstodaymanagedemandforenergy,notjust
supply.Thisbooksetsforththelegalinstruments–atinternationalandnationallevels–
thatareinusetodaytogovernenergyefficiency,demand-sidemanagement,andsustainable
useofenergy.
RichardL.OttingerisDeanEmeritusandProfessorofLawatPaceLawSchoolinWhite
Plains,NewYork.HeisamemberoftheIUCNCommissiononEnvironmentalLawand
ChairofitsClimateandEnergySpecialistGroup.Heservedfor16yearsintheU.S.Congress,
chairingtheHouseSubcommitteeonEnergy,ConservationandPower.
NicholasRobinsonisGilbertandSarahKerlinDistinguishedProfessorofEnvironmental
LawatPaceUniversityandhasdevelopedenvironmentallawsince1969whenhewasnamed
totheLegalAdvisoryCommitteeofthePresident’sCouncilonEnvironmentalQuality.He
has practiced environmental law in law firms, for municipalities, and as former general
counsel of the N.Y.S. Department of Environmental Conservation. He chairs the IUCN
CommissiononEnvironmentalLaw.
VictorTafurisastaffattorneyforthePaceEnergyProject.Heisrepresentingenvironmental
andcommunityinterestsinproceedingsinvolvingthesitingofenergyfacilitiesinNewYork
State. He was Deputy Director of Operations for the President of Colombia and a legal
counselandenvironmentaladvisoronenergyprojectsinColombia.

IUCN ACADEMY OF ENVIRONMENTAL LAW RESEARCH STUDIES
Compendium of
Sustainable Energy Laws
Edited by
RICHARD L. OTTINGER
PaceUniversity
NICHOLAS ROBINSON
PaceUniversity
VICTOR TAFUR
PaceUniversity
cambridgeuniversitypress
Cambridge,NewYork,Melbourne,Madrid,CapeTown,Singapore,Sa˜oPaulo
CambridgeUniversityPress
40West20thStreet,NewYork,NY10011-4211,USA
www.cambridge.org
Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9780521845267
(cid:1)C IUCNAcademyofEnvironmentalLaw2005
Thisbookisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception
andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements,
noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithout
thewrittenpermissionofCambridgeUniversityPress.
Firstpublished2005
PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica
AcatalogrecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.
LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationData
ISBN-13 978-0-521-84526-7hardback
ISBN-10 0-521-84526-2hardback
CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityfor
thepersistenceoraccuracyofURLsforexternalor
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Websitesis,orwillremain,accurateorappropriate.
Contents
Acknowledgments pageix
Introduction x
i. world energy assessment
WorldEnergyAssessment:UnitedNationsDevelopmentProgramme,
UnitedNationsDepartmentofEconomicsandSocial
Affairs,WorldEnergyCouncil,WorldEnergyAssessmentand
theChallengeofSustainability(2000) 1
ii. international agreements
UnitedNationsConferenceonEnvironmentandDevelopment:
FrameworkConventiononClimateChange 31
KyotoProtocoltotheUnitedNationsFrameworkConvention
onClimateChange 45
ConventionontheOrganisationforEconomicCo-Operation
andDevelopment 58
DecisionoftheCouncilEstablishinganInternationalEnergyAgency
oftheOrganisation 60
AgreementonanInternationalEnergyProgram(IEP) 63
iii. international law declarations and other soft
law instruments
UniversalDeclarationofHumanRights 81
MillenniumDeclaration 85
StockholmDeclarationoftheUnitedNationsConferenceon
theHumanEnvironment 91
DeclarationontheRighttoDevelopment 96
WorldCharterforNature 99
RioDeclarationonEnvironmentandDevelopment 102
TheEarthCharter(AsendorsedbyUNESCOandIUCN) 105
v
vi CONTENTS
iv. action plans and multilateral operation
recommendations
PlanofImplementationfortheUnitedNationsWorldSummit
onSustainableDevelopment 111
DecisionoftheCommissiononSustainableDevelopment,NinthSession 157
RecommendationoftheCouncilonEnvironmentallyFavourableEnergy
OptionsandTheirImplementation 167
RecommendationoftheCouncilonImprovingtheEnvironmental
PerformanceofPublicProcurement 170
RecommendationoftheCouncilonTrafficLimitationandLow-cost
ImprovementoftheUrbanEnvironment 172
v. select regional international energy agreements
EuropeanEnergyCharterConference:FinalAct,EnergyCharterTreaty,
DecisionsandAdditionalProtocolonEnergyEfficiencyandRelatedAspects 173
AdditionalProtocoltotheEnergyCharterTreatyonEnergyEfficiency
andRelatedMatters 198
NorthAmericanAgreementonEnvironmentalCooperation 204
NorthAmericanFreeTradeAgreement,Chapter6,Energy
&BasicPetrochemicals 219
TransboundaryImpactAssessmentOverarchingPrinciples(Oaxaca,Mexico) 222
AdditionalProtocoltotheAmericanConventiononHumanRights
intheAreaofEconomicSocialandCulturalRights,“Protocolof
SanSalvador” 223
ActionPlanoftheCouncilofAndeanCommunityMinistersofEnergy,
Electricity,HydrocarbonsandMines(Bogota,Colombia) 224
vi. select national legislation illustrative of
sustainable energy law innovations
africa
ConventionoftheAfricanEnergyCommission 227
AfricanConventionontheConservationofNatureandNatural
Resources(1968) 235
south africa
IntegratedEnergyPlanfortheRepublicofSouthAfrica 236
asia
people’s republic of china
TheLawonEnergyConservationofthePeople’sRepublicofChina 262
UtilityDemand-sideManagementinChinaOpportunitiesandPolicy
Options:SelectedProvisions 268
CONTENTS vii
PromotionLawofRenewableEnergyDevelopmentandUtilization,
thePeople’sRepublicofChina(DraftforAdvice) 273
japan
LawConcerningtheRationalUseofEnergy 279
FundamentalPoliciesforRationalUseofEnergy 295
EnforcementOrdinancefortheLawConcerningRationalUseofEnergy 299
EnforcementRegulationsfortheLawConcerningRationalUseofEnergy 305
korea
ActonthePromotionoftheDevelopment,UseandDisseminationofNew
andRenewableEnergy 316
sri lanka
EnergyEfficiencyBuildingCodeforCommercialBuildingsinSriLanka 323
uzbekistan
LawontheRationalUseofEnergy(1997) 342
europe
european union
CommissionDecisionof23December2003SettingupanExecutiveAgency,
the‘IntelligentEnergyExecutiveAgency’,toManageCommunityActionin
theFieldofEnergyinApplicationofCouncilRegulation(EC)No.58/2003 348
DirectiveoftheEuropeanParliamentandoftheCouncilonthePromotion
ofCogenerationBasedonaUsefulHeatDemandintheInternal
EnergyMarket 351
Directive2003/87/ECoftheEuropeanParliamentandoftheCouncilof
13October2003EstablishingaSchemeforGreenhouseGasEmission
AllowanceTradingWithintheCommunityandAmending
CouncilDirective96/61/EC 379
Directive2001/77/ECoftheEuropeanParliamentandoftheCouncilof
27September2001onthePromotionofElectricityProduced
fromRenewableEnergySourcesintheInternalElectricityMarket 394
ExplanatoryMemorandumandProposalforaDirectiveoftheEuropean
ParliamentandoftheCouncilontheEnergyPerformanceofBuildings 402
germany
ActonGrantingPrioritytoRenewableEnergySources(RenewableEnergy
SourcesAct),andExplanatoryMemorandum 420
AmendingtheRenewableEnergySourcesAct–TheGovernmentDraftof
17December2003inDetail 437
TheEcologicalTaxReform:Introduction,ContinuationandFurther
DevelopmenttoanEcologicalFinancialReform 441
republic of lithuania
RepublicofLithuaniaLawonEnergy16May2002No.IX-884Vilnius 448
viii CONTENTS
netherlands
Actof2July1998ProvidingRulesinRelationtotheProduction,Transmission
andSupplyofElectricity(ElectricityAct)[IncludingallAmendments
PursuanttotheGasAct26463andtheElectricityProductionSector
(Transition)Act27250] 460
united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland
SustainableEnergyAct2003Chapter30 489
2003No.604ClimateChangeLevy:TheClimateChangeLevy(General)
(Amendment)Regulations2003 495
north america
united states
EnergyPolicyActof1992 504
south america
chile
LawonGeothermalEnergyConcessionsLawNo.19.657MinistryofMining
(Non-OfficialTranslation) 564
Index 575
Acknowledgments
Theeditorsgratefullyacknowledgethecontributionsofanumberofindividualswho
haveassistedinthecompilationofthissetofprimaryreferencesonsustainableenergy
law.NancyKongandElenaRoffman,lawstudentsatPaceUniversitySchoolofLaw,have
reviewedawiderangeofenergylawresourcestocomeupwiththelegalinstruments
selected here. The Director of the Pace University School of Law Library, Professor
Marie Newman, and her able colleagues Jack McNeill and Cynthia Pittson, provided
invaluableassistance.TheDirectorofthePaceEnergyProject,ProfessorFredZalcman,
lent his expertise to the effort, as did the Specialist Group on Energy Law of the
IUCNCommissiononEnvironmentalLaw,inparticularProfessorAdrianBradbrook
(AdelaideUniversity,Australia).ThesupportoftheIUCNEnvironmentalLawCentre,
Bonn,Germany,andJohnScanlon,headofthecentre,andMariaSocorroManguiat,
IUCN’s legal counsel for energy and climate issues, is gratefully acknowledged. The
editorsaregratefultoCambridgeUniversityPress,andJohnBerger,fortheiroutstand-
ingprofessionalsupportinpublishingthiscompendium.
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