Table Of Content2
City Politics
Praised for the clarity of its writing, careful research, and distinctive theme—that urban politics in the United
States has evolved as a dynamic interaction between governmental power, private actors, and a politics of identity
—City Politics remains a classic study of urban politics. Its enduring appeal lies in its persuasive explanation,
careful attention to historical detail, and accessible and elegant way of teaching the complexity and breadth of
urban and regional politics which unfold at the intersection of spatial, cultural, economic, and policy dynamics.
Now in a thoroughly revised tenth edition, this comprehensive resource for undergraduate and graduate students,
as well as well-established researchers in the discipline, retains the effective structure of past editions while offering
important updates, including:
• All-new sections on immigration, the Black Lives Matter Movement, the downtown condo boom, and the
impact of the sharing economy on urban neighborhoods (especially the rise of Airbnb).
• Individual chapters introducing students to pressing urban issues such as gentrification, sustainability,
metropolitanization, urban crises, the creative class, shrinking cities, racial politics, and suburbanization.
• The most recent census data integrated throughout to provide current figures for analysis, discussion, and a
more nuanced understanding of current trends.
Taught on its own, or supplemented with the optional reader American Urban Politics in a Global Age for more
advanced readers, City Politics remains the definitive text on urban politics—and how they have evolved in the US
over time—for a new generation of students and researchers.
Dennis R. Judd is Professor and Acting Head of the Department of Political Science, College of Liberal Arts and
Sciences at the University of Illinois, Chicago, USA.
Annika Marlen Hinze is Assistant Professor of Political Science and Director of the Urban Studies Program at
Fordham University, USA.
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Tenth Edition
City Politics
The Political Economy
of Urban America
Dennis R. Judd and
Annika M. Hinze
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Tenth edition published 2019
by Routledge
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017
and by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
© 2019, 2015, 2012, 2010 Taylor & Francis.
The right of Dennis R. Judd and Annika M. Hinze to be identified as authors of this work has been asserted by them in accordance with sections 77
and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means,
now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in
writing from the publishers.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation
without intent to infringe.
First published 2015, 2012, 2010 by Pearson Education, Inc.
[Ninth edition published by Routledge 2014]
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Judd, Dennis R., author. | Hinze, Annika Marlen, author.
Title: City politics: the political economy of urban America /
Dennis R. Judd and Annika M. Hinze.
Description: Tenth edition. | New York, NY: Routledge, 2018. |
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2018004317| ISBN 9781138055223
(hardback: alk. paper) | ISBN 9781138055230 (pbk.: alk. paper) |
ISBN 9781315166018 (ebook)
Subjects: LCSH: Municipal government—United States. | Urban policy—United States. | United States—Economic policy. | Sociology, Urban—
United States.
Classification: LCC JS331 .J78 2018 | DDC 320.8/50973—dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018004317
ISBN: 978-1-138-05522-3 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-138-05523-0 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-315-16601-8 (ebk)
Typeset in Sabon
by Florence Production Ltd, Stoodleigh, Devon, UK
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BRIEF CONTENTS
Preface
1 City Politics in America: An Introduction
PART I THE ORIGINS OF AMERICAN URBAN POLITICS: THE
FIRST CENTURY
2 The Enduring Legacy
3 Party Machines and the Immigrants
4 The Reform Crusades
5 Urban Voters and the Rise of a National Democratic Majority
PART II THE URBAN CRISIS OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY
6 The City/Suburban Divide
7 National Policy and the City/Suburban Divide
8 Federal Programs and the Divisive Politics of Race
9 The Rise of the Sunbelt
PART III THE FRACTURED METROPOLIS
10 The Rise of the Fragmented Metropolis
11 Governing the Fragmented Metropolis
12 The Metropolitan Battleground
13 The Renaissance of the Metropolitan Center
14 Governing the Divided City
15 City and Metropolis in the Global Era
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Index
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CONTENTS
Preface
1 City Politics in America: An Introduction
Three Themes
The Politics of Growth
The Politics of Governance
The Fragmented Metropolis
The Challenge of the Global Era
PART I THE ORIGINS OF AMERICAN URBAN POLITICS: THE
FIRST CENTURY
2 The Enduring Legacy
National Development and the Cities
OUTTAKE: City Building Has Always Required Public Efforts
A Century of Urban Growth
Inter-Urban Rivalries
Industrialization and Community
The Immigrant Tide
The Capacity to Govern
The Limited Powers of Cities
3 Party Machines and the Immigrants
Machines and Machine-Style Politics
OUTTAKE: Machines Had Two Sides
The Origins of Machine Politics
Did Machines “Get the Job Done”?
Were Machines Vehicles of Upward Mobility?
Did the Machines Help Immigrants Assimilate?
The Social Reform Alternative
Ethnic Politics in Today’s Cities
4 The Reform Crusades
The Reformers’ Aims
OUTTAKE: Municipal Reform Was Aimed at the Immigrants
The Fertile Environment for Reform
The Campaigns against Machine Rule
“Efficiency and Economy” in Municipal Affairs
The Business Model
Commission and Manager Government
Did Reform Kill the Machines?
The Reform Legacy
The Battles Continue
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5 Urban Voters and the Rise of a National Democratic Majority
City and Nation in the Twentieth Century
OUTTAKE: Urban Ethnics Became a Mainstay of the Democratic Party
A New Political Consciousness
The Changing Political Balance
The Depression and the Cities
Cities Gain a Voice
The Urban Programs of the New Deal
The New Deal Legacy
PART II THE URBAN CRISIS OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY
6 The City/Suburban Divide
A Century of Demographic Change
OUTTAKE: Anti-Immigrant Passions Have Reached a Fever Pitch
Streams of Migration
Racial Conflict in the Postwar Era
The Emergence of a New Kind of Poverty
The Suburban Exodus
The Romantic Suburban Ideal: 1815–1918
The Automobile Suburbs: 1918–1945
The Bedroom Suburbs: 1946–1970s
The Rise of the Multiethnic Metropolis
Has the Urban Crisis Disappeared?
7 National Policy and the City/Suburban Divide
The Unintended Consequences of National Policies
OUTTAKE: Highway Programs Contributed to the Decline of the Cities
The Politics of Slum Clearance
How Local Politics Shaped Urban Renewal
Racial Segregation and “The Projects”
National Policy and Suburban Development
Suburbs, Highways, and the Automobile
The Damaging Effects of National Policies
8 Federal Programs and the Divisive Politics of Race
The Brief Life of Inner-City Programs
OUTTAKE: Racial Divisions Eventually Doomed Urban Programs
The Democrats and the Cities
The Republicans and the New Federalism
President Carter and the Democrats’ Last Hurrah
Republicans and the End of Federal Assistance
Political Reality and Urban Policy
The Cities’ Fall from Grace
The End of Urban Policy
A War on Cities
9 The Rise of the Sunbelt
A Historic Shift
OUTTAKE: The Electoral College Favors the Sunbelt
The Concept of the Sunbelt
Regional Shifts
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Why the Sunbelt Prospered
The Changing Politics of Sunbelt Cities
Regional Convergence and National Politics
PART III THE FRACTURED METROPOLIS
10 The Rise of the Fragmented Metropolis
Metropolitan Turf Wars
OUTTAKE: There Is a Debate about Gated Communities
How the Suburbs Became Segregated
The Imperative of Racial Segregation
OUTTAKE: Integrating Levittown, PA: The Trauma of Deepgreen Lane
Walling Off the Suburbs: Incorporation
Walling Off the Suburbs: Zoning
The Challenge to Exclusionary Zoning
The New Face of Enclave Politics
11 Governing the Fragmented Metropolis
The Byzantine (Dis)Organization of Urban Regions
OUTTAKE: The Costs of Sprawl Are Hotly Debated
The New Urban Form
The Concerns about Sprawl
A History of Metro Gov
The New Regionalism
Smart Growth
The New Urbanism
The Prospect for Reform
12 The Metropolitan Battleground
The Competition for Fiscal Resources
OUTTAKE: Hundreds of Little Hoovers Make the Economic Crisis Worse
Cities in the U.S. Federal System
Where the Money Goes
Where the Money Comes From
The Municipal Bond Market
The Rise of Special Authorities
Fiscal Gamesmanship
13 The Renaissance of the Metropolitan Center
The Unexpected Recovery of the Central Cities
OUTTAKE: Baltimore’s Revival Is Debated
The Decline of Downtown
Globalization and the Downtown Renaissance
OUTTAKE: City of Glass: The Condo Boom in Downtown Areas
The New Urban Culture
Tourism and Entertainment
OUTTAKE: Money out of Thin Air:The Blessing or Curse of Airbnb
Convention Centers
Sports Stadiums
Malls, Entertainment, and Lifestyle Complexes
Casino Gaming
The Politics of Tourism
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