Cities of Europe: Changing Contexts, Local Arrangements, and the Challenge to Urban Cohesion

361 Pages·2005·2.04 MB·English

CITIES OF EUROPE
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Studies in Urban and Social Change
Published by Blackwell in association with the International Journal of Urban and
Regional Research. Series editors: Harvey Molotch, Linda McDowell, Margit Mayer,
Chris Pickvance
The Blackwell Studies in Urban and Social Change aim to advancedebates and
empirical analyses stimulated by changes in the fortunes of cities and regions
across the world. Topics range from monographs on single places to large-scale
comparisons across East and West, North and South. The series is explicitly inter-
disciplinary; the editors judge books by their contribution to intellectual solutions
rather than according to disciplinary origin.
Published
Cities of Europe
Yuri Kazepov (ed.)
Cities, War, and Terrorism
Stephen Graham (ed.)
Cities and Visitors: Regulating People, Markets, and City Space
Lily M. Hoffman, Susan S. Fainstein, and Dennis R. Judd (eds)
Understanding the City: Contemporary and Future Perspectives
John Eade and Christopher Mele (eds)
The New Chinese City: Globalization and Market Reform
John R. Logan (ed.)
Cinema and the City: Film and Urban Societies in a Global Context
Mark Shiel and Tony Fitzmaurice (eds)
The Social Control of Cities? A Comparative Perspective
Sophie Body-Gendrot
Globalizing Cities: A New SpatialOrder?
Peter Marcuse and Ronald van Kempen (eds)
Contemporary Urban Japan: A Sociology of Consumption
John Clammer
Capital Culture: Gender at Work in the City
Linda McDowell
Cities After Socialism: Urban and Regional Change and Conflict in Post-Socialist Societies
Gregory Andrusz, Michael Harloe and Ivan Szelenyi (eds)
The Politics of Ethnic Minorities in European Cities
Romain Garbaye
The People’s Home? Social Rented Housing in Europe and America
Michael Harloe
Post-Fordism
Ash Amin (ed.)
Free Markets and Food Riots
John Walton and David Seddon
Fragmented Societies
Enzo Mingione
Urban Poverty and the Underclass: A Reader
Enzo Mingione
Forthcoming
Social Capital in Practice
Talja Blokland and Mike Savage (eds)
Cities and Regions in a Global Era
Alan Harding (ed.)
Urban South Africa
Alan Mabin and Susan Parnell
Urban Social Movements and the State
Margit Mayer
Social Capital Formation in Immigrant Neighborhoods
Min Zhou
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CITIES OF
EUROPE
CHANGING CONTEXTS, LOCAL
ARRANGEMENTS, AND THE
CHALLENGE TO URBAN COHESION
Edited by
Yuri Kazepov
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Contents
Table of Contents of the CD vii
Notes on Contributors ix
Acknowledgments xiii
Series Editors’ Preface xvi
Foreword xvii
Saskia Sassen
Introducing European Cities 1
1 Cities of Europe: Changing Contexts, Local Arrangements,
and the Challenge to Social Cohesion 3
Yuri Kazepov
2 The European City: A Conceptual Framework and
Normative Project 43
Hartmut Häussermann and Anne Haila
Part I: The Changing Concept of European Cities 65
3 Urban Social Change: A Socio-Historical Framework of
Analysis 67
Enzo Mingione
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vi Contents
4 Social Morphology and Governance in the New Metropolis 90
Guido Martinotti
5 Capitalism and the City: Globalization, Flexibility, and
Indifference 109
Richard Sennett
6 Urban Socio-Spatial Configurations and the Future of
European Cities 123
Christian Kesteloot
Part II: The Spatial Impact of Ongoing
Transformation Processes 149
7 The Dynamics of Social Exclusion and Neighborhood
Decline: Welfare Regimes, Decommodification, Housing,
and Urban Inequality 151
Alan Murie
8 Social Exclusion, Segregation, and Neighborhood Effects 170
Sako Musterd and Wim Ostendorf
9 Segregation and Housing Conditions of Immigrants in
Western European Cities 190
Ronald van Kempen
10 Gentrification of Old Neighborhoods and Social
Integration in Europe 210
Patrick Simon
Part III: Social Exclusion, Governance, and Social
Cohesion in European Cities 233
11 Elusive Urban Policies in Europe 235
Patrick Le Galès
12 Changing Forms of Solidarity: Urban Development
Programs in Europe 255
Jan Vranken
13 Challenging the Family: The New Urban Poverty in
Southern Europe 277
Enrica Morlicchio
14 Minimum Income Policies to Combat Poverty: Local
Practices and Social Justice in the “European Social Model” 301
Marisol García
Visual Paths Through Urban Europe (CD-Rom) 325
Index 328
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Table of Contents of the CD
Visual Paths Through Urban Europe (CD)
I: The Changing Context of European Cities
Non-Places
Nico Giersig (Humboldt University, Berlin)
Local Identity
Maarten Loopmans (Catholic University of Leuven)
De-industrialization
Justin Beaumont (University of Utrecht)
II: The Spatial Impact of Ongoing Transformation
Processes
Gentrification
Nico Giersig (Humboldt University, Berlin) and Manuel
B. Aalbers (University of Amsterdam)
Social Housing
Maarten Loopmans (Catholic University of Leuven)
Sub-urbanization
Manuel B. Aalbers (University of Amsterdam)
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viii Table of Contents of the CD
III: Social Exclusion, Governance, and Social Cohesion
in European Cities
Ethnic Villages
Manuel B. Aalbers (University of Amsterdam)
Local Community
Manuel B. Aalbers (University of Amsterdam)
Urban Poverty
Nico Giersig (Humboldt University, Berlin) and Manuel
B. Aalbers (University of Amsterdam)
Additional text
The Transformation of Inner and Outer Space.
Reflections on Space after 9/11
Robin Harper (New York University)
Interviews
Susan Fainstein (Columbia University, NY)
Hartmut Häussermann (Humboldt University, Berlin)
Chris Hamnett (Kings College, London)
Paul Kantor (Fordham University, NY)
Chris Kesteloot (Catholic University of Leuven)
Patrick Le Galès (Sciences Po, Paris)
Peter Marcuse (Columbia University, NY)
Guido Martinotti (University of Milan-Bicocca)
Enzo Mingione (University of Milan-Bicocca)
John Mollenkopf (City University of New York)
Harvey Molotch (New York University)
Saskia Sassen (University of Chicago)
Richard Sennett (London School of Economics)
The CD-Rom includes also about 2000 pictures, 14 city data sheets and
more than 120 thematic maps. The credits of the CD mentions all those
who participated.
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Notes on Contributors
Marisol García is Professor of Sociology at the University of Barcelona
(ES). She was the President of the International Sociological Association
(ISA) RC21 on Urban and Regional Research, 1998–2002. She has been
Fellow of the Citizenship Forum at the European University Institute in
Florence (I) and has been involved for many years in European compar-
ative research (ESOPO, INPART, SEDEC, EUREX, EUROPUB). She
is a member of the editorial board of the International Journal of Urban and
Regional Research. Her publications range from urban sociology to the ques-
tion of social justice and citizenship.
Anne Haila is Professor of Urban Studies at the Department of Social
Policy at the University of Helsinki (FIN). From 1994 to 1998 she was
Vice-President of the ISA Research Committee on Urban and Regional
Development and its Scientific Secretary from 1998 to 2002. Since 1999
she has been a member of the editorial board of Planning Theory and Prac-
tice. She has a strong international record of publications and research on
globalization, East European cities and science parks.
Hartmut Häussermann is Professor of Urban and Regional Sociology
at the Institute of Social Sciences of Humboldt University, Berlin (D)
and President of RC21, the Research Committee on Urban and Regional
Development of the ISA. He is involved in a range of comparative
research concerned with social and spatial inequalities, urban renewal,
urban development policies such as URBEX and EUREX. He is apartner
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x Notes on Contributors
in the Urban Europe RTN project. He has published extensively on these
issues.
Yuri Kazepov is Professor of Urban Sociology and Compared Welfare
Systems at the University of Urbino (I). He has been Jean Monet Fellow
at the European University Institute (Fiesole, I) and Visiting Professor at
the University of Bremen (Germany). Since the early 1990s he has been
involved as national partner or as coordinator in several EU funded
research projects on urban poverty and segregation, local social policy,
welfare reforms and activation policy. For the period 2002–2006 he is the
secretary of RC21 Research Committee on Urban and Regional develop-
ment of the ISA and a founding member of ESPAnet (European Social
Policies Analysis).
Christian Kesteloot is Professor of Social and Economic Geography at
the Catholic University of Leuven (B), and also teaches at the Free Uni-
versity of Brussels, Belgium. He is a former Research Director of the Fund
for Scientific Research, Flanders and member of URBEX and EUREX.
He specializes in socio-spatial structures and urban restructuring in West
European cities and participates in several European networks on these
topics, including ethnic minorities, the socially excluded, and young
people. He has published extensively on these issues.
Patrick Le Galès is Directeur de Recherche au CNRS at CEVIPOF
and Professor of Politics and Sociology at Sciences Po Paris (F). Previ-
ously, he was at CRAPE (IEP Rennes, 1992–97). He has been also a
Visiting Fellow at the Robert Schuman Center (IUE Florence, 1996–97)
and a Visiting Professor and Fellow at UCLA (1999) and at the University
of Oxford (2002–03). He is Editor of the International Journal of Urban and
Regional Research and is involved in European comparative research on
local societies, urban and regional governance, economic development,
urban policies, and state restructuring.
Guido Martinotti is Professor of Urban Sociology at the University
of Milan-Bicocca (I). Since 1986 he has been Visiting Professor at the
Department of Sociology of the University of California at Santa Barbara
(UCSB). In the spring semester of 1998 he was Fellow of the E.M.
Remarque Institute, New York University. Between 1992 and 1996 he
was Chairman of the Standing Committee for the Social Sciences of the
European Science Foundation (ESF). Since 1999 he has been a member
of the External Advisory Group of DG Research on Improving the
Human Potential and enlarging the socio-economic knowledge base of
the European Union.
Enzo Mingione is Professor of Economic Sociology at the University
of Milan-Bicocca (I). He has been Visiting Professor at the University
College of London (UK, 1974–75) and of the University of California,
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