Chlorine. International Thermodynamic Tables of the Fluid State

169 Pages·1985·2.401 MB·English

by  S. Angus, B. Armstrong and K. M. de Reuck (Auth.)

INTERNATIONAL UNION OF PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY
IUPAC Secretariat: Bank Court Chambers, 2-3 Pound Way
Cowley Centre, Oxford OC4 3UF, UK
International Thermodynamic Tables of the Fluid State
Volume 1 Argon
Volume 2 Ethylene
Volume 3 Carbon Dioxide
Volume 4 Helium
Volume 5 Methane
Volume 6 Nitrogen
Volume 7 Propylene (Propene)
Volume 8 Chlorine (Tentative Tables
A full list of titles in the Chemical Data Series is to be found on page 161
NOTICE TO READERS
Dear Reader
An Invitation to Publish in and Recommend the Placing of a Standing Order to Volumes
Published in this Valuable Series
If your library is not already a standing/continuation order customer to this series, may we
recommend that you place a standing/continuation order to receive immediately upon
publication all new volumes. Should you find that these volumes no longer serve your
needs, your order can be cancelled at any time without notice.
The Editors and the Publisher will be glad to receive suggestions or outlines of suitable
titles, reviews or symposia for editorial consideration: if found acceptable, rapid
publication is guaranteed.
ROBERT MAXWELL
Publisher at Pergamon Press
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY
IUPAC Secretariat: Bank Court Chambers, 2-3 Pound Way
Cowley Centre, Oxford OC4 3UF, UK
International Thermodynamic Tables of the Fluid State
Volume 1 Argon
Volume 2 Ethylene
Volume 3 Carbon Dioxide
Volume 4 Helium
Volume 5 Methane
Volume 6 Nitrogen
Volume 7 Propylene (Propene)
Volume 8 Chlorine (Tentative Tables
A full list of titles in the Chemical Data Series is to be found on page 161
NOTICE TO READERS
Dear Reader
An Invitation to Publish in and Recommend the Placing of a Standing Order to Volumes
Published in this Valuable Series
If your library is not already a standing/continuation order customer to this series, may we
recommend that you place a standing/continuation order to receive immediately upon
publication all new volumes. Should you find that these volumes no longer serve your
needs, your order can be cancelled at any time without notice.
The Editors and the Publisher will be glad to receive suggestions or outlines of suitable
titles, reviews or symposia for editorial consideration: if found acceptable, rapid
publication is guaranteed.
ROBERT MAXWELL
Publisher at Pergamon Press
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF
PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY
CHEMICAL DATA SERIES NO. 31
DIVISION OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
COMMISSION ON THERMODYNAMICS
THERMODYNAMIC TABLES PROJECT
Chlorine
International Thermodynamic Tables
of the Fluid State — 8
Tentative Tables
S. ANGUS
B . ARMSTRONG
K. M. de REUCK
IUPAC Thermodynamic Tables Project Centre
Imperial College of Science and Technology, London, UK
PERGAMON PRESS
OXFORD • NEW YORK • TORONTO • SYDNEY • PARIS • FRANKFURT
U.K. Pergamon Press Ltd., Headington Hill Hall,
Oxford OC3 OBW, England
U.S.A. Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park,
Elmsford, New York 10523, U.S.A.
CANADA Pergamon Press Canada Ltd., Suite 104,
150 Consumers Road, Willowdale, Ontario 123 1P9, Canada
AUSTRALIA Pergamon Press (Rust.) Pty. Ltd., P.O. Box 544,
Potts Point, N.S.W. 2011, Australia
FRANCE Pergamon Press SARL, 24 rue des Ecoles,
75240 Paris, Cedex 05, France
FEDERAL REPUBLIC Pergamon Press GmbH, Hammerweg 5,
OF GERMANY D-6242 Kronberg-Taunus, Federal Republic of Germany
Copyright © 1985 International Union of Pure and
Applied Chemistry
All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be
reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any
form or by any means: electronic, electrostatic, magnetic
tape, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise,
without permission in writing from the copyright holders.
First edition 1985
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
(Revised for vol. 8)
Thermodynamic Tables Project.
International thermodynamic tables of the fluid state.
(Chemical data series ; no. 16- )
Vol. 2- edited and compiled by S. Angus,
B. Armstrong, and K. M. de Reuck.
Text in English; preface and introduction in English,
French, German, and Russian.
Vol. 3- published by: Oxford ; New York : Pergamon
Press.
Vol. 1- lack series statement.
Includes bibliographies.
Contents: [v. 1] Argon — [ n. 2] Ethylene — [etc.]
— v. 8. Chlorine.
1. Thermodynamics — Tables — Collected works.
I. Angus, S. (Selby) II. Armstrong, B. III. Reuck,
K. M. de. IV. Series: IUPAC chemical data series ;
no. 16, etc. V. Title.
QD505.T48 1976 541.3'69 76-18256
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
International thermodynamic tables of the fluid state. —
(Chemical data series/International Union of Pure and
Applied Chemistry; no. 31)
8 : Chlorine : tentative tables
1. Fluids — Thermal properties — Tables
2. Thermodynamics — Tables
I. Angus, S. II. Armstrong, B.
III. De Reuck, K. M. IV. Series
536'.7 QC145.4.T5
ISBN 0-08-030713-2
Printed in Great Britain by A. Wheaton & Co. Ltd., Exeter
Dedicated
to the memory of J. B. Armstrong
1944-1982
by his fellow-authors
S. Angus and
K. M. de Reuck
PREFACE
The Thermodynamic Tables Project was inaugurated in 1963 by the Commission
on Thermodynamics and Thermochemistry of the Division of Physical Chemistry with
the object of compiling internationally agreed values of the equilibrium thermodynamic
properties of liquids and gases of interest to both scientists and technologists. The range to
be covered for each fluid is that for which there exist reliable experimental data, and the
agreed values will be issued as tables upon the basis of which users may produce equations
suited to their own special requirements, if the wide-ranging equations given are not ap-
propriate for their purposes. Tables on argon, ethylene, carbon dioxide, helium, methane,
nitrogen and propylene have already appeared based on these principles.
It has become evident that there are a considerable number of important fluids for which
the existing data, and any data which can be expected in the foreseeable future, are not
adequate to form the basis of extensive tables using the above criteria. So, from time to
time, other volumes will be produced when it is felt that a combination of data and estima-
tion can be used to construct tentative tables which are an improvement on those currently
available. These tables for chlorine are the first such tentative tables.
The general policy of the Project is formulated by a Sub-Committee appointed by IUPAC
and currently consisting of:
Dr. H. V. Kehiaian (Chairman) Dr. A. D. Kozlov
Dr. S. Angus Dr. S. Malanowski
Prof. J. Kestin Prof. K. Watanabe
Prof. F. Kohler Dr. H. J. White, Jr.
The work of the Project is co-ordinated and assisted by a small permanent Project Centre
under the direction of Dr. S. Angus, located at Imperial College of Science and Technology,
London.
Paris H. V. Kehiaian
May 1982 on behalf of the IUPAC Sub-Committee
on Thermodynamic Tables.
c
LIST OF FIGURES
1. Distribution of available experimental Pp T data. 11
2. Comparison of some selected experimental vapour pressure data with corresponding
states estimations. 19
3. Comparison of available saturated liquid density data with corresponding states estima-
tions. 19
4. Comparison of available saturated vapour density data with corresponding states
estimations. 19
5. Comparison of experimental Pp T data for fluorine, by Prydz and Straty, with cor-
responding states estimations. 22
6. Comparison of experimental isochoric heat capacity data for fluorine, by Prydz and
Goodwin, with corresponding states estimations. 22
7. Distribution of estimated isochoric heat capacity data. 22
8. Comparison of speed of sound data from the IUPAC methane tables with correspond-
ing states estimations. 23
9. Comparison of experimental speed of sound data for propylene, by Soldatenko and
Dregulyas, with corresponding states estimations. 23
10. Distribution of estimated speed of sound data. 23
11. Comparison of experimental Pp T data for fluorine, by Prydz and Straty, with values
calculated from Deiters' equation. 26
12. Distribution of estimated Pp T data. 26
13. Variation of the saturation density near the critical point showing the experimental
results of Tsekhanskaya, Polyakova and Kozlovskaya. 36
14. Comparison of experimental vapour pressure data with values calculated from the
equation of state. 36
15. Comparison of estimated vapour pressure data with values calculated from the equa-
tion of state. 38
16. Comparison of experimental saturated liquid density data with values calculated from
the equation of state. 38
17. Comparison of experimental saturated vapour density data with values calculated
from the equation of state. 38
18. Comparison of estimated enthalpy of evaporation data with values calculated from
the equation of state. 40
19. Variation of isobaric heat capacity in the liquid phase at saturation, showing the avail-
able experimental results. 40
20. Boundaries of Tables, (a) in R T coordinates, (b) in pT coordinates. 59
21. Tolerances on density. 159
22. Tolerances on speed of sound. 160
xi
TABLES IN TEXT
A. Measurements of the critical point parameters. 2
B. Available vapour pressure data. 5
C. Available saturated density data. 8
D. Available P p T data. 10
E. Selected input data used in constructing the preliminary and final equation of state. 31
F. Available calculations of the ideal gas properties. 43
G. Increments of entropy and enthalpy from the perfect crystal at zero temperature to
the ideal gas at 298.15 K and 1 atm pressure. 46
H. Numerical values of the coefficients N of the equation of state, (20). 50
I. Contributary terms of the equation of state, (20), for the calculation of properties. 51
J. Numerical values of the coefficients f of equations (16), (17) and (18). 52
K. Numerical values of the coefficients of auxiliary equations (13), (14) and (15),
representing properties along the two-phase boundaries. 57
xii
SYMBOLS
This list of symbols follows the recommendations of the IUPAC Manual of Symbols and
Terminology for Physico-Chemical Quantities and Units(70). The subscript "m", indicating
"molar", has been omitted, since no ambiguity arises.
Symbol Physical Quantity
R Gas constant
T Thermodynamic temperature*
P Pressure
3 Molar volume
3 Specific volume
R Molar density
U Molar internal energy
H Molar enthalpy
S Molar entropy
G Molar Gibbs free energy
B Second virial coefficient
C Molar heat capacity
Z Compression factor, Realfaktor
f Fugacity
w Speed of sound
T T /T
c
w V / V
c
M Joule-Thomson coefficient, (aT /8P )
H
U Ratio of heat capacities, (C /C1)
Subscripts
P, V, etc. at constant pressure, volume, etc.
g in the gas phase
1 in the liquid phase
c at the critical point
t at the triple point
s along the saturation curve
m along the melting curve
R dimensionless value
data experimental results, or input data derived
from calculation
calc values calculated from a given equation
Superscripts
id Ideal gas state
ic Ideal crystal
*
In equations, for T is substituted the numerical value of the temperature on IRTS-68 xiii
UNITS AND CONVERSION FACTORS
The units used in these tables are given in the left-hand column; and conversion factors,
including a change from molar to specific quantities, are based on the assumption that one
mole of chlorine molecules has a mass of 0.070906 kg(68).
To convert from To Multiply by
Pressure in 'Pa Pressure in Pa 106
Pressure in bar 10
Pressure in atm 9.869 23
Pressure in kgf cm-2 10.197 2
Pressure in lbf in-2 145.038
Pressure in mmHg 7500.62
-1
Molar volume in Molar volume in m3 mol 10-6
cm3 mol Specific volume in m3 kg-1 .000 014 103
Specific volume in cm3 g-1 .014 103
-1
Specific volume in ft31b .000 225 91
Density in Density in mol m-3 103
mol dm-3 Density in kg m-3 70.906 0
Density in g cm-3 .070 906 0
Density in lb ft-3 4.426 517
-1
Molar energy in Specific energy in J kg 14.103
J mol-M Specific energy in MPa cm3 g- .014 103
-1
Specific energy in cal g .003 370 72
th -1
Specific energy in ca1 g .003 368 5
1T
Specific energy in BTU lb- 1 .006 063
-1
Molar energy in cal mo1 .239 006
th
Molar entropy in Specific entropy in J K-1 1 14.103
J K-1mol-1 Specific entropy in MPa ckmg3- K-i g-1 .014 103
-1
Specific entropy in cal K- 1 g .003 370 72
th
-1 g-1
Specific entropy in ca1 K .003 368 5
1T -1
Specific entropy in BTU °F 1 lb .003 368 5
-1 -1
Molar entropy in cal K mol .239 006
th
Molar enthalpy in Conversion factors as for molar energy
-1
J mol
Molar heat capacity Conversion factors as for molar entropy
-1
in J K-1mo1
xiv