Characteristics of Sudanese Human Sperm with Normal and Abnormal Morphology in Infertile ...

107 Pages·2017·3.13 MB·English

Characteristics of Sudanese Human Sperm with Normal
and Abnormal Morphology in Infertile Couples
(2011-2017)

Tarig Alhaboob Arabi Mohammed
BSc in Human Anatomy, Omdurman Islamic University, 2002
MSc in Human Anatomy, AlZaiem Al Azhari University, 2008
MBBS, Sudan International University, 2013

A Thesis
Submitted to the University of Gezira in Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Award
of Doctor of Philosophy
In
Human Anatomy

Department of Human Anatomy
Faculty of Medicine

May 2017
1
Characteristics of Sudanese Human Sperm with Normal
and Abnormal Morphology in Infertile Couples
(2011-2017)

Tarig Alhaboob Arabi Mohammed

Supervisor Committee: Position Signature

Prof. Qurashi Mohamed Ali Main Supervisor ………………
Prof. Mamoon Haj Ali Co- supervisor …………….
Prof. Yaser Mohamed Alhassen Co- supervisor ………………

Date: 1/12/2017

2
Characteristics of Sudanese Human Sperm with Normal
and Abnormal Morphology in Infertile Couples
(2011-2017)

Tarig Alhaboob Arabi Mohammed

Examination Committee: Position Signature

Prof. Qurashi Mohamed Ali Chairperson ………………
Prof. Kamel Mohmed Abdalla. External Examiner ……….……
Prof.Ahmed Abdalla Mohmadani Internal Examiner ..……………

Date of examination: 7/2/ 2018

3
Dedication

To the soul of my father,
and my beloved mother
To my family,
my wife
and
My Kids

4
Acknowledgment

I truly express my deep thanks and gratitude to Allah for giving me the ability to do
and complete this work. My deep appreciation and gratitude to
my supervisorProf.Qurashi Mohmed Ali
for his patience and continuous guidance, constructive comments and critical
supervision throughout this work.
I would like to express my deep gratitude to
my secondsupervisor Prof. Mamom Haj Ali
and my Co supervisor Prof. Yaser Mohamed Alhassan or their great help.
Special thanks with respect are extended to
Dr. Mohamed Hafez Salim – Sudan Assisted Reproduction Center (SARC)
For his encouragement and support before &during this work.
Special thanks with respect are extended to Police GeneralIbrahim Alkafi Ibrahim,
Dr. Mohamed Dafa Allah, family andfriends for their patience, encouragement and
support during this work.
I also give my thanks to everyone who helped to complete this research and gave me
help and extend a helping hand and provided the information necessary to complete this
research.

5
Characteristics of Sudanese Human Sperm with Normal and Abnormal Morphology in
Infertile Couples (May 2011-May 2017)

Tarig Alhaboob Arabi Mohammed

ABCTRACT
A scientific determination of fertilization ability of the sperm can be made by motility, viability and
morphological examinations that are called as potential fertility criteria. Some previous studies documented
only the total morphological defect rates without including the morphologic subjects. As it is recorded in many
studies, the success of IUI, ICSI and IVF depends mainly on the quality of the collected semen. The study was
designed to determine physiochemical characteristics of human semen including the common types of semen
abnormalities, normal and abnormal morphology, motion kinetics and dynamic parameters of sperm cells in
Sudanese population.2) Determine the range of (TZI) and (SDI).3) Provide reference values of the normal
dynamic sperm classes and sperm motion kinetics of motility: (VCL), (VAP), (VSL), (MAD), (ALH), (BCF),
(LIN), (WOB) and (STR). A prospective case series study for 566 menof infertile couples who were requesting
semen analysis was applied to those came to the ULTRALAB laboratory center main campus and ULTRALAB
branch of the Sudan Assisted Reproduction Center (SARC), Khartoum, Sudan. Data collection was done for 20
months from April 1st, 2010 to December 31st, 2011.analysis of semen samples was done using Computer
Assisted Semen Analysis (CASA). The study demonstrates that there are differences including physiochemical
properties of semen, normality or abnormality of sperm morphology, dynamic and motion kinetics parameters
of sperm between Sudanese population and other studies including WHO standards and some significant
differences in the mean of semen volume per ml and concentration per million per ml of the normal and
abnormal semen samples comparing to other standards. SDI and TZI were higher in overall semen as well as in
abnormal semen samples. The Motility (PR + NP, %) in Sudanese population was significantly less than WHO
standards for normal semen samples. Common semen abnormalities were oligoasthenoteratozoospermia,
asthenoteratozoospermia and asthenozoospermia. There are differences including physiochemical properties of
semen, normality or abnormality of sperm morphology, dynamic and motion kinetics parameters of sperm
between Sudanese population and other studies including WHO standards.The mean values of the normal
semen samples VCL (μm/s), VSL (μm/s), VAP (μm/s), MAD (degree), ALH (m/s), BCF (Hz), LIN (%), WOB
(%) and STR (%) which reflect the fertilization ability of human sperm and act as indicators of sperm
progression can be considered as standard reference values among Sudanese population.

6
يف ةيعيبطلا ريغو ةيعيبطلا ةيونملا تاناويحلل ىرهاظلا لكشلا عم ةيعيبطلا ةينادوسلا ةيونملا تاناويحلا صئاصخ
)1122 ويام -1122ويام نم ةرتفلا ىف (- مقعلا جاوزلأا

دمحم يبرع بوبحلا قراط

ةـــــــــــــساردلا صخلم
ىمسيام وهو اهلكش ةملاسو اهتكرح رابتخا قيرط نع باصخلإا ىلع ةيونملا تاناويحلا ةردقم نع ةيملع ريراقت ةدافأ
يف ضوخلا نود ةيلكشلا بويعلا تلادعم نع تثدحت ةقثوملا ةقباسلا تاساردلا ضعب .ةبوصخلل ةلمتحملا ريياعملاب
ىلع اساسأ دمتعي بيبانلاا لافطأ و يرهجملا نقحلا تايلمع حاجن نإف ،تاساردلا نم ديدعلا يف لجسم وه امك .اهعاونا
رثكلاا عاونلاا كلذ يف امب يرشبلا يونملا لئاسلل ةيئايزيفلا صئاصخلا ديدحت ىلإ ةساردلا تفده .يونملا لئاسلا ةدوج
يف ةيونملا تاناويحلل ةيكيمانيدلا تاملعملاو اهتاكرح عاونأو ،ةيعيبطلا ريغو ةيعيبطلا اهلاكشأو ،ةيونملا تاناويحلل اعويش
تاناويحلا تاكرحت عاونلأ ةيعجرملا ميقلا ديدحتو ,ةيقلخلا تاهوشتلا سيياقم نم ةعومجم ديدحت ىلا ةفاضإ,نيينادوسلا
ارتلأ لماعم ةعومجمل يسيئرلا زكرملاب مهل يونملا لئاسلا ليلحت متو مقعلا نم نوناعي لاجر 655 ةسارد تمت .ةيونملا
مت دقو .نادوسلا ،موطرخلا- )كراس( بيبانلاا لافطأ و باجنلااو ةبوصخلل نادوسلا زكرمب لمعملا عرفل ةفاضلااب بلا
ةيونملا لئاوسلا نم تانيع ليلحت مت دقو .0211 ،ربمسيد 11 ىلإ 0212 ليربأ 1 نم ارهش 02 ةدمل تانايبلا عمج
،يونملا لئاسلل ةيئايزيفلا صئاصخلا يف تاقورف كانه نأ ةساردلا حضوت .ةيونملا تاناويحلا ليلحتل يللاا ماظنلا مادختساب
نيينادوسلا يف يونملا تاناويحلا ةكرح ةيكيمانيد و ةيعيبطلا ريغو ةيعيبطلا تانيعلا يف ةيونملا تاناويحلا تاكرحتو
ةيمك طسوتم يف ةريبكلا تافلاتخلاا ضعبو ةيملاعلا ةحصلا ةمظنم ريياعم كلذ يف امب تاساردلا نم اهريغ عم ةنراقم
تاناويحلا تاهوشت رشوم ؛يونملا لئاسلا تانيع نم بعكم رتل يلم لك يفةيونملا تاناويحلا زيكرتو يونملا لئاسلا
ةيونملا تاناويحلل ةيمدقتلا ةكرحلا لدعم ؛ةيعيبط ريغلا تانيعلا يف كلذك و ثحبلا تانيع عيمج يف يلعلاا ناك ةيونملا
و ددعلا ةلق يف تزكرت يونملا لئاسلا تاهوشت مظعم نأ امك .ةيعيبطلا تانيعلل ةيملاعلا ةحصلا ةمظنم ريياعم نم لقأ ناك
ةيئايزيفلا صئاصخلا يف تافلاتخا كانه نا ىلا ةلاسرلا تصلخو .ةيونملا تاناويحلل ةيقلخلا بويعلا و ةعرسلا ئطب
و ةيكيمانيدلا تاملعملاو ،ةيونملا تاناويحلا تاهوشت عاونا ىلا ةفاضأ ةيعيبطلا ريغو ةيعيبطلا تانيعلا يف يونملا لئاسلل
تاناويحلا بيصخت ةردق سكعت يتلاو ةيونملا تاناويحلا ةكرحل ةيسايقلا تانيعلا نم ةطسوتملا ميقلا .تاكرحتلا عاونا
.نيينادوسلل ةيعجرم ميق ةباثمب اهرابتعا نكمي ةيرشبلا ةيونملا

7
Table of Contents

Dedication ……………………………………………………………………………….. iii
Acknowledgment ………………………………………………………………………… iv
Abstract …………………………………………………………………………...……….. v
Contents……………………………………………………………………………..………vii
List of Tables…………………………………………………………………………………x
List of Figures………………………………………………………………………………..xi
Acronyms………………………………………………………………………………… xiii
CHAPTER ONE…………………………………………………………………………. 1

INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………………….. 2
1.1. General Introduction……………………………………………………………. 2
1.2. Justification……………………………………………………………………... 4
1.3. Purpose of the study…………………………………………………………….. 5
1.4. Hypothesis…………………………………………………………………........ 5
1.5. Objectives………………………………………………………………………. 6
1.5.1 General Objectives……………………………………………………. 6
1.5.2 Specific Objectives……………………………………………………. 6
1.6. Significance of the Study…………………………………………………… 7
CHAPTER TWO…………………………………………………………….……… 8
LITRATURE REVIEW………………………………………………………..……. 9
2.1 Semen Analysis……………………………………………………….………... 9
2.1.1. Semen count and concentration……………………………….……... 10
2.1.2. Cellular constituents of semen……………………………….………. 10
2.2. Physico-chemical Properties of Normal and Abnormal Semen Reports…….… 11
2.3. Sperm Morphology…………………………………………………………..….. 11
2.3.1. Development of Sperm and Spermatogenesis…………….…………. 11
8
2.3.2. Structure of sperm……………………………………………………. 16
2.4. Sperm Dynamics and Motion Kinetics………………………………….……... 26
2.4.1 Sperm dynamics………………………………………………………... 25
2.4.2 Sperm motion kinetics…………………………………………………. 27
CHAPTER THREE…………………………………………………………………… 29
MATERIALS AND METHODS……………………………………………………… 30
3.1 Study Design and Participants…………………………………………….……. 30
3.2 Study Setting and study period…………………………………………….…… 30
3.3 Study Approval…………………………………………………………….…… 30
3.4 Variables of Interest……………………………………………………….……. 30
3.5 Inclusion Criteria ………………………………………………………….….... 30
3.6 Exclusion Criteria……………………………………………………………..... 30
3.7 Data Analysis…………………………………………………………………… 31
3.7.1 Physico-chemical properties of normal and abnormal semen reports ……. 31
3.7.2 Morphology sperm analysis………………………………………………. 31
3.7.3 Dynamic sperm analysis and sperm motion kinetics……………………… 32
CHAPTER FOUR……………………………………………………………………....... 34
4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION……………………………………………………… 35
4.1 RESULTS………………………………………………………………………. 35
4.1.1 Physico-chemical properties of normal and abnormal semen reports …… 35
4.1.2 Morphology sperm analysis…………………………………………….... 42
4.1.3 Dynamic and Motion Kinetic Parameters for Sperm Cells in a Normal and
Abnormal Semen Samples Parameters of Sperm’s Classes……………………………… 57
4.1.4 Effect of age………………………………………………………………. 69

4.2 DISCUSSION…………………………………………………………………... 73
9
4.2.1 Physico-chemical properties of normal and abnormal semen reports……. 73
4.2.2 Morphology sperm analysis………………………………………………. 74
4.2.3 Dynamic sperm analysis and sperm motion kinetics……………………… 77
CHAPTER FIVE…………………………………………………………………………. 80
5. CONCLUSSION AND RECOMMENDATION………………….………………… 81
5.1 CONCLUSSION……………………………………………………………… 81
5.2 RECOMMENDATIONS……………………………………………………… 82
REFERANCES…………………………………………………………………………. 83
10