Cell-Cell Interactions in the Release of Inflammatory Mediators: Eicosanoids, Cytokines, and Adhesion

374 Pages·1992·9.92 MB·English

by  Manuel Patarroyo

CELL-CELL INTERACTIONS
IN THE RELEASE OF
INFLAMMATORY
MEDIATORS
Eicosanoids, Cytokines, and Adhesion
ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
Editorial Board:
NATHAN BACK, State University of New York at Buffalo
IRUN R. COHEN, The Weizmann Institute of Science
DAVID KRITCHEVSKY, Wistar Institute
ABEL LAJTHA, N.S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research
RODOLFO PAOLETTI, University of Milan
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CELL-CELL INTERACTIONS IN THE RELEASE OF
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Edited by Patrick Y-K Wong and Charles N. Serhan
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CELL-CELL INTERACTIONS
IN THE RELEASE OF
INFLAMMATORY
MEDIATORS
Eicosanoids, Cytokines, and Adhesion
Edited by
Patrick Y-K Wong
New York Medical College
Valhalla, New York
and
Charles N. Serhan
Harvard Medical School
Boston, Massachusetts
__P LENUM PRESS • NEW YORK AND LONDON
Library of Congress Cataloging-In-Publication Data
Cell-cell interactIons in the release of Inflammatory mediators,
eIcosanoid., cytokines. and adhesion I Bdlted by Patrl.k Y-K Wong
and Charles ~. Serha~.
p. cm. -- (Advances in experimental medicine and biology;
V.314)
"Based on the proceedings of the Federation of American Societies
for ExperImental BIology Symposium on Cell-C~11 Interactions in the
Release of Inflammatory Mediators, held Apri I 1-6, 1990, In
Washington, D.C."--T.p. verso.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. Inflammation--Mediators--Congresses. 2. Cytokines--Congresses.
3. Eicosanoic acid--Derivatives--Congresses. 4. Cell adhesion-
-Congresses. I. Wong, Patrick Y.-K. II. Serhan, Charles N.
III. Federation of American Societies for ExperImental Biology
Symposium on Cell-Cell Interactions in the Release of Inflammatory
Mediators l1990 , Washington, D.C.)
[DNLM, 1. Cell Adhesion--immunology--congresses. 2. Cytokines
-immunology--cangresses. 3. Eicosanoids--immunology--congresses.
4. Immunity. Cellular--physiology--congresses. 5. Infla~mation-
-immunology--congresses. OW 700 C3925 1990J
RB131.C43 1991
616' .0473--dc20
DNLM/DLC
for Library of Congress 91-45567
CIP
Based on the proceedings of the Federation of American Societies for
Experimental Biology Symposium on Cell-Cell Interactions in the Release
of Inflammatory Mediators, held April 1-6, 1990, in Washington, D.C.
ISBN-13: 978-1-4684-6026-1 e-ISBN-13: 978-1-4684-6024-7
DOl: 10.1007/978-1-4684-6024-7
© 1991 Plenum Press, New York
Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover lst edition 1991
A Division of Plenum Publishing Corporation
233 Spring Street, New York, N.Y. 10013
All rights reserved
No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming,
recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher
PREFACE
This volume constitutes. in part. the proceedings of the
symposium on "Cell-Cell Interaction and Release of Inflammatory
Mediators" organized by Drs. Patrick Y-K Wong and Charles N. Serhan
and presented at the FASEB meeting in Washington. D.C. in April. 1990.
It contains chapters by the symposium speakers as well as
contributions from investigators in this field.
Readers will find exciting advances in this volume. which
contains chapters dedicated to state-of-the-art knowledge in the
field of Cell-Cell Interaction and the functions of released mediators
in inflammatory diseases. This book includes "cutting edge"
investigations on transcellular eicosanoid biosynthesis. cytokines.
PAF, and adhesion as well as interactions of inflammatory cells with
endothe 1 i um. 1u ng • and kidney. A1 s o. the contro 1 and regu 1a t ion
of renal function by lipid mediators generated during cell-cell
i nteracti ons between rena 1 mesangi a 1 cells and 1e ukocytes has
generated insight into the cell biology and regulatory role of these
mediators in the kidney. Moreover. the relationship between these
areas is discussed in sequelae of both asthmatic and renal diseases.
We hope that some of the enthusiasm and excitement present
in this research are also evident here and that this volume will serve
as a reference for researchers. teachers. and students to survey thi s
rapidly growing field.
The Editors
v
CONTENTS
PART IA: LEUKOCYTES, ADHESION AND MEDIATORS
Leukocyte Adhesion: Molecular Basis and Relevance in Inflammation 1
Manuel Pat arroyo , Lennart Lindbom, and Claes Lundberg
Products of Inflammatory Cells Synergistically Enhance Superoxide
Production by Phagocytic Leukocytes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
John A. Badwey, Jiabing Ding, Paul G. Heyworth, and
John M. Robinson
Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor and the
Neutrophil: Mechanisms of Action ............... 35
Julian Gomez-Cambronero and Ramadan I. Sha'afi
PART IB: TRANSCELLULAR EICOSANOID BIOSYNTHESIS
Transcellular Metabolism of Arachidonic Acid in Platelets and
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes Activated by Physiological
Agonists: Enhancement of Leukotriene B4 Synthesis .. . .. 73
Remi Palmantier and Pierre Borgeat .
Interactions of Platelets and Neutrophils in the Generation of
Sulfidopeptide Leukotrienes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 91
Robert C. Murphy, Jacques Maclouf, and Peter M. Henson
Red Cell-Neutrophil Interactions in the Regulation of Active
Oxygen Species and Lipoxygenase Products .... 103
Arnold Stern
The Lipoxin Biosynthetic Circuit and Their Actions with
Human Neutrophils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Stefano Fiore, Mark E. Brezinski, Kelly-Ann Sheppard, and
Charles N. Serhan
Hepoxilins Modulate Second Messenger Systems in the Human
Neutrophil ............ . . . . . 133
Cecil R. Pace-Asciak and Santosh Nigam
PART II: VASCULAR INTERACTIONS
Regulated Secretion in Vascular Endothelium. . . . . 141
Bruce M. Ewenstein, Brian C. Jacobson, and Kimberly A. Birch
vii
Role of Eicosanoids and the Cytokine Network in Transmembrane
Signaling in Vascular Cells . . . . . . . 159
Kenneth B. Pomerantz and David P. Hajjar
Lipoxins Inhibit Microvascular Inflammatory Actions of
Leukotri ene B4 ............. . . . .. 185
Johan Raud, Ulla Palmertz, Sven-Erik Dahlen, and Per Hedqvist
PART III: PAF, EICOSANOIDS AND CYTOKINES
PAF and TNFa Interactions in the Pathophysiology of Septic Shock 193
Reuven Rabinovici, Tian Li Vue, Jerome Vernick, and
Giora Feuerstein
LTBA and PAF in the Cytokine Network 205
Marek Rola-Pleszczynski
Platelet-Activating Factor (PAF) - A Putative Mediator in
Inflammatory Tissue Injury .......... . 223
Tian-Li Vue, Reuven Rabinovici, and Giora Feuerstein
PART IV: INFLAMMATORY MEDIATORS IN LUNG
Transcellular Metabolism of Leukotrienes in the Lung 235
Timothy D. Bigby
The Role of Lipid Mediators in Oxygen-Induced Lung Injury 251
Ronald B. Holtzman and Joseph R. Hageman
Interactions Between Macrophages and Granulocytes in
Bronchial Asthma .............. . 269
James R. Wilkinson, Stephen J. Lane, and Tak H. Lee
Metabolism of Granulocyte-Derived Leukotriene A4 in
Human Platelets and Respiratory Tissue: Transcellular
Format i on of Li poxi ns and Leukotri enes ....... 281
Charlotte Edenius, Leif Stenke, Susanne Tornhamre,
Katarina Heidvall, Inger Forsberg, Barbro Nasman-Glaser,
and Jan-Ake Lindgren
Metabolism of Arachidonic Acid by Isolated Lung Cells and
Transcellular Biosynthesis of Thromboxanes ........ 289
Karim Maghni, Chantal Robidoux, Johanne Laporte, Annie Halee,
Johanne Carrier, Pierre Borgeat, and Pierre Sirois
PART V: CELL-CELL INTERACTIONS IN OTHER TISSUES
The Role of Leukotriene A4 Hydrolase in Cells and Tissues Lacking
5-Li poxygenase ...................... 307
Hans-Erik Claesson, Jesper Z. Haeggstrom, Bjorn Odlander,
Juan F. Medina, Anders Wetterholm, Per-Johan Jakobsson, and
Olof Rcidmark
Keratinocytes Can Regulate Prostaglandin Synthesis by Fibroblasts:
Potential Roles for Interleukin 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 317
Marc E. Goldyne, Kerry L. Blacker, and Mary L. Williams
viii
Neutrophil-Epithelial Cell Interactions in the Intestine 329
James L. Madara, Shirin Nash, and Charles Parkos
PART VI: INFLAMMATORY MEDIATORS AND RENAL CELL INTERACTION
Cell-Cell Interactions in the Regulation of Glomerular
Inflammation by Arachidonate Lipoxygenase Products 335
Kamal F. Badr
Neutrophil Adhesion to Glomerular Mesangial Cells: Regulation by
Lipoxygenase-Derived Eicosanoids ...... 347
Hugh R. Brady, Mark D. Denton, Barry M. Brenner, and
Charles N. Serhan
Enzymatic Formation and Regulatory Function of Lipoxins and
Leukotriene B4 in Rat Kidney Mesangial Cells 361
Renee Garrick and Patrick Y-K Wong
Contributors 371
Index 377
ix
LEUKOCYTE ADHESION: MOLECULAR BASIS AND RELEVANCE IN
INFLAMMATION
Manuel Patarroyo, Lennart Lindbom and Claes
Lundberg
Depts. of Immunology and Physiology
Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm; and
Inflammation Res., Pharmacia, Uppsala, Sweden
INTRODUCTION
Leukocytes interact with one another, with other cell
types such as vascular endothelial cells, and with
extracellular matrices to traffic to extravascular tissues,
and to generate immune and inflammatory responses. Although
some of these interactions are mediated by soluble molecules
such as cytokines, others require firm leukocyte-cell or
leukocyte-matrix stickiness, a process refered to as
adhesion. This adhesiveness is transient and usually
subsequent to cell activation. It has a molecular basis and
a profound biological relevance in host defense and tissue
injury. The present article will summarize our studies on
the biology and molecular basis of leukocyte adhesion, and
its central role in leukocyte functions and inflammatory
responses. Comprehensive reviews have been recently
published by usl - 4 and by other scientists5-7.
PHORBOL ESTER-LYMPHOCYTE AGGREGATION: AN ADHESION-SPECIFIC
ASSAY
In early studies, phorbol ester was found to induce, at
nanomolar concentrations, aggregation of human blood
lymphocytes. The phenomenon occured within minutes, and was
preceded by induction of morphological changes, such as
uropod-like structures and membrane ruffles8,9 (Fig.I).
Further analysis demonstrated that the cell aggregation was
a metabolic process which required participation of
microfilaments, preformed cell surface proteins and
extracellular divalent cations, mainly Mg++ but also Ca++.
It was then concluded that phorbol ester was able to induce
a cell adhesive (binding) phenotype in lymphoid cells, and
that cell surface moieties, refered to as cell adhesion
(binding) molecules (CAMs), mediated this antigen-
...cell-eel/Interactions in the Release of Inflammalory Medialiors
Edit ed by P. Y-K Wong and C.N. Serhan, Plenum Press, New York, 1991
Fig. 1. Scanning electron micrograph of aggregated blood
lymphocytes after brief treatment with phorbol
ester. Note the uropod-like structures and
membrane ruffles of the aggregated cells.
independent cell clustering1,8,9. In parallel studies other
groups demons~rated that phorbol ester rapidly enters cells
and that once in the cytoplasm this compound behaves as
diacylglycerol, an endogenous intracellular messenger, and
permanently activates protein kinase C (PKC)l. Thus, phorbol
ester induces cellular responses, such as adhesion, by
bypassing cell surface molecules which, under physiological
conditions, mediate stimulus-recognition and activation
events. These characteristics made the phorbol ester-induced
lymphocyte aggregation an adhesion-specific assay, most
suitable for identifying the CAMs with the aid of blocking
antibodies.
Leu-CAMs (CD11/CD18 MOLECULES)
Mouse monoclonal antibody (mAb) 60.3 was the first mAb in
our hands, after testing more than 100, which was able to
block.2 1th. e phorbol ester-induced lymphocyte aggregation10
(Fig The antibody had been recently reported by Beatty
el al. 1 and defined a novel cell surface specificity common
to human leukocytes, presently known as CD18. IgG and Fab
fragments were similarly effective but did not inhibit, as
expected, other simultaneous membrane processes, such as the
morpholo~ical changes and lateral redistribution of membrane
proteins O. Since the antibody also reacted strongly with
2