Cardboard in Architecture: Volume 7 Research in Architectural Engineering Series

176 Pages·2008·6.24 MB·English

by  M. Eekhout

CARDBOARD IN ARCHITECTURE
DRAOBDRAC NI ERUTCETIHCRA
Research in Architectural Engineering Series
Volume 7
ISSN 1873-6033
Previously published in this series:
Volume 6. M. Veltkamp
Free Form Structural Design – Schemes, Systems & Prototypes of Structures for Irregular Shaped Buildings
Volume 5. L. Bragança, C. Wetzel, V. Buhagiar and L.G.W. Verhoef (Eds.)
COST C16 Improving the Quality of Existing Urban Building Envelopes – Facades and Roof
Volume 4. R. di Giulio, Z. Bozinovski and L.G.W. Verhoef (Eds.)
COST C16 Improving the Quality of Existing Urban Building Envelopes – Structures
Volume 3. E. Melgaard, G. Hadjimichael, M. Almeida and L.G.W. Verhoef (Eds.)
COST C16 Improving the Quality of Existing Urban Building Envelopes – Needs
Volume 2. M.T. Andeweg, S. Brunoro and L.G.W. Verhoef (Eds.)
COST C16 Improving the Quality of Existing Urban Building Envelopes – State of the Art
Volume 1. M. Crisinel, M. Eekhout, M. Haldimann and R. Visser (Eds.)
EU COST C13 Glass and Interactive Building Envelopes – Final Report
CARDBOARD IN ARCHITECTURE
DRAOBDRAC NI ERUTCETIHCRA
edited by Mick Eekhout, Fons Verheijen, Ronald Visser
IOS Press
© 2008 IOS Press and the authors.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or
transmitted, in any form or by any means, without prior permission from the publisher.
Published and distributed by IOS Press under the imprint Delft University Press
PRINTED IN THE NETHERLANDS
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The publisher is not responsible for the use which might be made of the following informa-
tion
ISBN
978-1-58603-820-5
Editors
Mick Eekhout, Fons Verheijen, Ronald Visser
Layout & Bookcover Design
Ronald Visser
Cardboard in Architecture. M. Eekhout et al. (Eds.). IOS Press, 2008.
© 2008 The authors and IOS Press. All rights reserved.
Preface
The paper and cardboard industry, just like the building
industry, is a long-established business sector with considerable
knowledge and experience. Apart from the honeycomb door
and paper-based round column formwork, there are few
contacts between the two industries. But architects have
made many attempts, further back in the past and also more
recently, to use cardboard as a building material.
~ 1930 – paper house, USA
~ 1970 – temporary accommodation, TU Delft
~ 1980 – two temporary theatres, Apeldoorn
~ 1990 – temporary accommodation Japan, Shigeru Ban
~ 2000 – Japanese pavilion, Hanover, Shigeru Ban
What is characteristic of these attempts is that experience
and knowledge acquired during the work threatens to become
lost because there is no framework for systematic collection,
processing and development of relevant information.
Despite the poor image of cardboard, projects by such
architects as Ban, Eekhout and recently the interior of
Scherpontwerp in Eindhoven show that cardboard is an
architecturally attractive material that also has good structural
and acoustic properties. Cardboard, with all the accompanying
knowledge already present in the mature cardboard industry,
has the potential to become a valuable element of the
architectural repertoire. Each (building) material has its own
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building industry.
Cardboard consists of ~ 90% endlessly recycled material and,
following use, can be recycled again to a degree of ~ 90%.
Moreover it is cheap. These two properties allow the material
to be viewed in a different light, in contrast to the traditional
approach in the building industry of applying materials
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material away once it has reached the end of its life – without
harming the environment – creates another perspective on
sustainability.
v
The Department of Building Technology at the Faculty of
Architecture at TU Delft plans to study and develop cardboard
as a potential building material on a broad, systematic and
where possible comprehensive basis. The guiding research
question here is:
“How can cardboard be used in both architectural and
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An exploratory phase from 2003 to 2005 – including an outdoor
pilot structure (multished), a pilot pavilion accommodating an
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MSc students and the publication of the exploratory booklet
Cardboard Architecture – was concluded by an international
symposium attended by both the paper industry and the
building industry. This publication comprises the report on
that symposium.
In making this publication possible, special thanks goes out to
Prof. Richard Horden (Technische Universität München), Prof.
Chris McMahon (University of Bath), Prof.dr. Joop Paul (NL)
Delft University of Technology, who reviewed the capters and
gave constructive and usefull comments in order to improve
the overall quality.
Prof. Fons Verheijen
Contents
Cardboard Technical Research and Developments
at Delft University of Technology 1
Mick Eekhout
Cardboard in Architecture; an Overview 21
Elise van Dooren, Fons Verheijen
Paper Leaves 49
Peter Gentenaar
The Design and Building Process of a Cardboard Pavilion 59
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A House of Cardboard 69
Elise van Dooren & Taco van Iersel
Structural Engineering and Design in Paper and Cardboard 95
Helen Gribbon, Florian Foerster
Application of Cardboard in Partitioning 119
Taco van Iersel, Elise van Dooren
Mechanical Behaviour of Cardboard in Construction 131
Julia Schönwälder, Jan Rots
The Cardboard Dome as an Example of an Engineers Approach 147
Mick Eekhout
Epilogue 165
Author Details 167
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Cardboard in Architecture. M. Eekhout et al. (Eds.). IOS Press, 2008.
© 2008 The authors and IOS Press. All rights reserved.
Cardboard Technical Research and Developments
at Delft University of Technology
Mick Eekhout
Abstract
Cardboard research at the TU Delft is performed by 4 researchers,
who divide their interest between, fundamental research,
technology development and application designs. However these
domains have strong relationships and need one another in
order to become effective. The research in cardboard has 8 or 9
different aspects to cover all relevant aspects in architecture. The
approach at the TU Delft is methodical; one of these methods
is based on the development of new products and could give
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territories. At the end a number of 12 different questions are
posed on aspects that matter in fundamental research; 14 on
development questions and another 14 on design questions. With
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for the coming 5 years. The industry should respond to these
questions by selection and support. If not, the TU Delft has its
own preferences.
1. Cardboard research on the TU Delft
This congress on Cardboard has the character of a spontaneous
eruption, releasing many interests both form the academia
as well as from the industry. In the last year a number of
discussions took place at the university that introduced a
global ambition and vision to precede the cardboard industry
with new knowledge and insight on cardboard for use in
architecture. Naturally, this industrial market has completely
other characteristics. Yet the interest from the industry is
very positive, the university is geared up and presents its
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has been set op in the department of Building Technology at
the faculty of Architecture by the professors dr. Jan Rots
(Chair of Structural mechanics), Fons Verheijen (Chair of
Architectural Engineering) and dr. Mick Eekhout (Chair of
Product Development) since 2003 and has gradually grown
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