Дрожжи Candida railenensis в плодах дуба черешчатого (Quercus robur L.)

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by  Исаева О.В., Глушакова А.М., Юрков А.М., Чернов И.Ю.

åàäêéÅàéãéÉàü, 2009, ÚÓÏ 78, ‹ 3, Ò. 399–403
ùäëèÖêàåÖçíÄãúçõÖ ëíÄíúà
ìÑä 641.46:582.23.017.64
ÑêéÜÜà CANDIDA RAILENENSIS Ç èãéÑÄï ÑìÅÄ óÖêÖòóÄíéÉé
(QUERCUS ROBUR L.)
© 2009 „. é. Ç. à҇‚‡, Ä. å. ÉÎÛ¯‡ÍÓ‚‡, Ä. å. ûÍÓ‚, à. û. óÂÌÓ‚1
åÓÒÍÓ‚ÒÍËÈ „ÓÒÛ‰‡ÒÚ‚ÂÌÌ˚È ÛÌË‚ÂÒËÚÂÚ ËÏ. å.Ç. ãÓÏÓÌÓÒÓ‚‡,
Ù‡ÍÛθÚÂÚ ÔÓ˜‚ӂ‰ÂÌËfl
èÓÒÚÛÔË· ‚ ‰‡ÍˆË˛ 17.06.2008 „.
èÓ͇Á‡ÌÓ, ˜ÚÓ ‚ ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎflı ˆÂÎ˚ı ÌÂÔÓ‚ÂʉÂÌÌ˚ı ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ ÔËÒÛÚÒÚ‚Û˛Ú ‰ÓÊÊ‚˚ „Ë·˚, ˜ËÒ-
ÎÂÌÌÓÒÚ¸ ÍÓÚÓ˚ı ÂÁÍÓ ‚ÓÁ‡ÒÚ‡ÂÚ ÔÂ‰ ÔÓ‡ÒÚ‡ÌËÂÏ ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ. èË ˝ÚÓÏ ‰ÓÊÊË ‚ ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎflı
Ô‰ÒÚ‡‚ÎÂÌ˚ ‚ ÓÒÌÓ‚ÌÓÏ Ó‰ÌËÏ ‚ˉÓÏ – Candida railenensis, ˜ËÒÎÂÌÌÓÒÚ¸ ÍÓÚÓÓ„Ó ‚ ÔÓ‡ÒÚ‡˛˘Ëı
ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎflı ‰ÓÒÚË„‡ÂÚ 107 äéÖ/„. èÓÒΠÔÓ‡ÒÚ‡ÌËfl ËÎË ‡ÁÛ¯ÂÌËfl ˝ÍÁÓ͇ÔËfl ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎË Á‡ÒÂÎfl-
˛ÚÒfl Ó·˚˜Ì˚ÏË ˝ÔËÙËÚÌ˚ÏË Ë ÔÓ‰ÒÚËÎÓ˜Ì˚ÏË ‰ÓÊʇÏË Cryptococcus albidus, Rhodotorula glutinis,
Cystofilobasidium capitatum.
äβ˜Â‚˚ ÒÎÓ‚‡: ‰ÓÊÊË, ‰Û·, ÊÂÎÛ‰Ë, Candida railenensis, ˝Ì‰ÓÙËÚÌ˚ ÏËÍÓÓ„‡ÌËÁÏ˚, ˝Ì‰ÓÙË-
Ú˚, ÒÂÁÓÌ̇fl ‰Ë̇ÏË͇.
1 ÑÓÊÊ‚˚ „Ë·˚ ÓÚÌÓÒflÚÒfl Í ˜ËÒÎÛ Ì‡Ë·ÓΠΠÏÌÓ„Ó˜ËÒÎÂÌÌ˚ ‰ÓÊÊË ‚ ÔÎÓ‰‡ı Ò Ó·Î„˜ÂÌ-
ÚËÔ˘Ì˚ı ˝ÔËÙËÚÌ˚ı ÏËÍÓÓ„‡ÌËÁÏÓ‚. ùÔËÙËÚ- Ì˚Ï ‰ÓÒÚÛÔÓÏ ‚ÌÛÚ¸ Á‡ Ò˜ÂÚ ÌÂÔÎÓÚÌÓ ÒÓү„ÓÒfl
Ì˚ ‰ÓÊÊË ÒÛ˘ÂÒÚ‚Û˛Ú Í‡Í ˝ÍÍËÒÓÚÓÙ˚, ÔÓ- „ÂÔ‡ÌÚËfl, ÚÓÌÍÓ„Ó ˝ÍÁÓ͇ÔËfl, ÔÓ‚ÂʉÂÌËfl ÔÎÓ‰Ó‚
Ú·Îflfl ‚˚‰ÂÎfl˛˘ËÂÒfl ̇ÛÊÛ ˜ÂÂÁ ÛÒڸˈ‡ „Ë- ÔË ÒÓÁ‚‡ÌËË Ë Ú.Ô. [7].
‰‡ÚÓ‰˚, ÔÓ‚ÂʉÂÌËfl ÍÛÚËÍÛÎ˚, ÙÎÓ‡Î¸Ì˚ Ë
Ç ÚÓ Ê ‚ÂÏfl, Ì‡Ï Û‰‡ÎÓÒ¸ ÛÒÚ‡ÌÓ‚ËÚ¸, ˜ÚÓ ‚
˝ÍÒÚ‡ÙÎÓ‡Î¸Ì˚ ÌÂÍÚ‡ÌËÍË, ‡Á΢Ì˚ Î„ÍÓ-
ÔÎÓ‰‡ı Ò ÚÓÎÒÚ˚ÏË ÔÎÓÚÌ˚ÏË ÔÓÍÓ‚‡ÏË Ú‡ÍÊ ÏÓ-
‰ÓÒÚÛÔÌ˚ ÒÓ‰ËÌÂÌËfl, Ú‡ÍËÂ Í‡Í ÔÓÒÚ˚ ҇ı‡‡,
„ÛÚ ÔËÒÛÚÒÚ‚Ó‚‡Ú¸ ‰ÓÊÊ‚˚ „Ë·˚. Ç ˜‡ÒÚÌÓÒÚË,
Ó„‡Ì˘ÂÒÍË ÍËÒÎÓÚ˚, Ò‡ı‡ÓÒÔËÚ˚, ‡ÏËÌÓÍËÒ-
·˚ÎÓ Ó·Ì‡ÛÊÂÌÓ, ˜ÚÓ ‚ ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎflı ˆÂÎ˚ı ÌÂÔÓ‚Â-
ÎÓÚ˚ [1–4]. Ç ÚÓ Ê ‚ÂÏfl, ÔÓfl‚ÎflÂÚÒfl ‚Ò ·Óθ¯Â
ʉÂÌÌ˚ı ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ ‰Û·‡ ̇ ÓÔ‰ÂÎÂÌÌ˚ı ÒÚ‡‰Ëflı Ëı
҂ˉÂÚÂθÒÚ‚ ÚÓ„Ó, ˜ÚÓ ‚Ó ‚ÌÛÚÂÌÌËı Ú͇Ìflı Á‰Ó-
ÒÓÁ‚‡ÌËfl ‡Á‚Ë‚‡˛ÚÒfl ‰ÓÊÊË, ˜ËÒÎÂÌÌÓÒÚ¸ ÍÓ-
Ó‚˚ı ‡ÒÚÂÌËÈ Ú‡ÍÊ ÔÓÒÚÓflÌÌÓ ÔËÒÛÚÒÚ‚Û˛Ú
ÚÓ˚ı ÏÓÊÂÚ ‰ÓÒÚË„‡Ú¸ 107 äéÖ/„.
‡Á΢Ì˚ ˝Ì‰ÓÙËÚÌ˚ ÏËÍÓÓ„‡ÌËÁÏ˚, Ò‰Ë
ÍÓÚÓ˚ı ̇˷ÓΠӷ˚˜Ì˚ ·‡ÍÚÂËË Ë ÏˈÂΡθ-
Ç Ì‡ÒÚÓfl˘ÂÈ ‡·ÓÚ Ô‰ÒÚ‡‚ÎÂÌ˚ ÂÁÛθڇÚ˚
Ì˚ „Ë·˚ [4, 5]. 낉ÂÌËfl Ó· ˝Ì‰ÓÙËÚÌ˚ı ‰ÓÊ-
·ÓΠ‰ÂڇθÌ˚ı ËÒÒΉӂ‡ÌËÈ ‰Ë̇ÏËÍË ˜ËÒÎÂÌÌÓ-
Ê‚˚ı „Ë·‡ı Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚ‡Ì˚. àϲÚÒfl Î˯¸ ‰Ë-
ÒÚË Ë Ú‡ÍÒÓÌÓÏ˘ÂÒÍÓ„Ó ÒÓÒÚ‡‚‡ Ú‡ÍËı ˝Ì‰ÓÙËÚÌ˚ı
Ì˘Ì˚ ‡·ÓÚ˚, ÔÓÒ‚fl˘ÂÌÌ˚ ‚˚‰ÂÎÂÌ˲ ‰ÓÊ-
„ÛÔÔËÓ‚ÓÍ ‰ÓÊÊÂÈ ‚ ÓÔ‡‰‡˛˘Ëı Ë ÔÂÂÁËÏÓ‚˚-
Ê‚˚ı ÍÎÂÚÓÍ ËÁ ‚ÌÛÚÂÌÌËı Ú͇ÌÂÈ ‡ÒÚÂÌËÈ. Ç
‚‡˛˘Ëı ‚ ‚ÂıÌÂÏ „ÓËÁÓÌÚ ÔÓ˜‚˚ ÔÎÓ‰‡ı ‰Û·‡ ˜Â-
˜‡ÒÚÌÓÒÚË, ÒÓÓ·˘‡ÂÚÒfl Ó· ӷ̇ÛÊÂÌËË Rhodotoru-
¯˜‡ÚÓ„Ó (Quercus robur).
la pinicola ‚ ÍÒËÎÂÏÂ ÒÓÒÌ˚ [6].
ëÛ˘ÂÒÚ‚Ó‚‡ÌË ̇ÒÚÓfl˘Ëı ‚˚ÒÓÍÓÒÔˆˇÎËÁË-
Ó‚‡ÌÌ˚ı ˝Ì‰ÓÙËÚÌ˚ı ‚ˉӂ, ÚÂÒÌÓ ‡ÒÒÓˆËËÓ‚‡Ì- éÅöÖäíõ à åÖíéÑõ àëëãÖÑéÇÄçàü
Ì˚ı Ò Ú͇ÌflÏË ÓÔ‰ÂÎÂÌÌ˚ı ‡ÒÚÂÌËÈ, ÒÂ‰Ë ‰ÓÊ-
ÊÂÈ Ï‡ÎÓ‚ÂÓflÚÌÓ. ÅÓθ¯ËÌÒÚ‚Ó ‰ÓÊÊ‚˚ı „Ë- èÎÓ‰˚ ‰Û·‡ Quercus robur L. – ÊÂÎÛ‰Ë, ÒÓ·Ë‡ÎË
·Ó‚ ÓÚÌÓÒËÚÒfl Í ÚËÔ˘Ì˚Ï ÍÓÔËÓÚÓÙ‡Ï, ‰Îfl ÓÒÚ‡ ‚ 2003–2005 „„. ̇ ÚÂËÚÓËË Á‡Ôӂ‰ÌË͇ ãÓÒË-
ÍÓÚÓ˚ı Ú·ÛÂÚÒfl ‰ÓÒÚ‡ÚÓ˜ÌÓ ‚˚ÒÓ͇fl ÍÓ̈ÂÌÚ‡- Ì˚È ÓÒÚÓ‚. é·‡Áˆ˚ ÓÚ·Ë‡ÎË, ̇˜Ë̇fl Ò ÏÓÏÂÌÚ‡
ˆËfl ΄ÍÓ‰ÓÒÚÛÔÌ˚ı ÒÓ‰ËÌÂÌËÈ. èÓ˝ÚÓÏÛ ‡Á‚ËÚË ÙÓÏËÓ‚‡ÌËfl ̇ ÔÎÓ‰ÓÌÓÊ͇ı Ë Á‡Í‡Ì˜Ë‚‡fl Ëı
‰ÓÊÊÂÈ Ì‡Ë·ÓΠ‚ÂÓflÚÌÓ ‚ Ò‡ı‡ÓÒÓ‰Âʇ˘Ëı ÔÓ‡ÒÚ‡ÌËÂÏ ‚ ÔÓ˜‚ ‚ÂÒÌÓÈ–ÎÂÚÓÏ ·Û‰Û˘Â„Ó „Ó‰‡.
Á‡Ô‡Ò‡˛˘Ëı Ú͇Ìflı ‡ÒÚÂÌËÈ, Ú‡ÍËı Í‡Í Ô‡ÂÌıËÏ- ÑÓ ÔÂËÓ‰‡ ÔÓ‡ÒÚ‡ÌËfl ‰Îfl ‡Ì‡ÎËÁ‡ ÓÚ·Ë‡ÎË ˆÂ-
Ì˚ Ú͇ÌË ÒÓ˜Ì˚ı ÔÎÓ‰Ó‚. ÑÂÈÒÚ‚ËÚÂθÌÓ, ̉‡‚ÌÓ Î˚ ÊÂÎÛ‰Ë ·ÂÁ ‚ˉËÏ˚ı ÏÂı‡Ì˘ÂÒÍËı ÔÓ‚ÂʉÂ-
Ôӂ‰ÂÌÌÓ ̇ÏË ËÁÛ˜ÂÌË ‰ÓÊÊ‚˚ı ÒÓÓ·˘ÂÒÚ‚ ÌËÈ Ó·ÓÎÓ˜ÍË. èÓÒΠ̇˜‡Î‡ χÒÒÓ‚Ó„Ó ÔÓ‡ÒÚ‡-
Ò‡ı‡ËÒÚ˚ı ÔÎÓ‰Ó‚ ÔÓ͇Á‡ÎÓ, ˜ÚÓ ‚ Ëı Ú͇Ìflı ÔÓÒÚÓ- ÌËfl ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ ‚ χ ڇÍÊ ÓÚ·Ë‡ÎË ÚÓθÍÓ ÌÂÔÓ‚Â-
flÌÌÓ ÔËÒÛÚÒÚ‚Û˛Ú ‰ÓÊÊË, Ô˘ÂÏ Ô‰ÒÚ‡‚ÎÂÌ- ʉÂÌÌ˚ ÊÂÎÛ‰Ë. èÓÁÊÂ, ‚Ó ‚ÚÓÓÈ ÔÓÎÓ‚ËÌ ÎÂÚ‡,
Ì˚ ÚÂÏË Ê ‚ˉ‡ÏË, ˜ÚÓ Ë Ì‡ ÔÓ‚ÂıÌÓÒÚË. ç‡Ë·Ó- ‡Ì‡ÎËÁËÓ‚‡ÎË ÌÂÔÓÓүˠÊÂÎÛ‰Ë, ÔÓÍÓ‚˚ ÍÓ-
ÚÓ˚ı ̇˜Ë̇˛Ú ‡ÁÛ¯‡Ú¸Òfl. ÇÒÂ„Ó ·˚ÎÓ ÔӇ̇-
1ĉÂÒ‡Ú ‰Îfl ÍÓÂÒÔÓ̉Â̈ËË (e-mail: [email protected]). ÎËÁËÓ‚‡ÌÓ 350 ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ, ÓÚÓ·‡ÌÌ˚ı ‚ 30 ÒÓÍÓ‚,
399
400 à҇‚‡ Ë ‰.
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åÂÒflˆ˚
5 ÏÍÏ
êËÒ. 1. ÑË̇ÏË͇ Ó·˘ÂÈ ˜ËÒÎÂÌÌÓÒÚË ‰ÓÊÊÂÈ ‚ ÒÂ-
Ïfl‰ÓÎflı ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ; ÚËÔ˚ ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ: 1 – ̇ ‰Â‚Â, 2 – êËÒ. 2. äÎÂÚÍË ‰ÓÊÊÂÈ ‚ ÒÂÁ‡ı ËÁ ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎÂÈ ÊÂÎÛ-
ÓÔ‡‚¯ËÂ, 3 – ÓÔ‡‚¯Ë ÔÓ‡ÒÚ‡˛˘ËÂ. ‰ÂÈ. éÍ‡Ò͇ ÚÓÎÛˉËÌÓ‚˚Ï ÒËÌËÏ.
ÚÓ ÂÒÚ¸ ÔÓ‚ÚÓÌÓÒÚ¸ ‚ ͇ʉ˚È ÒÓÍ ÒÓÒÚ‡‚Îfl· 10– ˘ÂÌ Ë ÍÓ̈ÂÌÚËÓ‚‡Ì Ò ÔÓÏÓ˘¸˛ GFX Band Purica-
12 ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ. tion Kit (“Amersham Biosciences”). êÂ‡ÍˆË˛ ÔÓ‚Ó‰Ë-
ÎË ÔÓ Òڇ̉‡ÚÌ˚Ï ÔÓÚÓÍÓÎ‡Ï Ò Ô‡ÈÏÂ‡ÏË NL1
èÓ‚ÂıÌÓÒÚ¸ ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ ÒÚÂËÎËÁÓ‚‡ÎË ÒÔËÚÓÏ Ë
(5'-GCA TAT ëÄÄ íÄÄ GCG GAG GAA AAG) Ë
‚ÒÍ˚‚‡ÎË ÒÚÂËθÌ˚Ï Ò͇θÔÂÎÂÏ. è‰‚‡ËÚÂθ-
NL4 (5'-GGT CCG TGT TTC AAG ACG G). ëÂÍ‚ÂÌË-
Ì˚ ˝ÍÒÔÂËÏÂÌÚ˚ ÔÓ͇Á‡ÎË, ˜ÚÓ ‰ÓÊÊË ËÁ ÒÏ˚-
Ó‚‡ÌË ÔÓ‚Ó‰ËÎË Ì‡ ÔÓÎÛ‡‚ÚÓχÚ˘ÂÒÍÓÏ ÒÂÍ‚Â-
‚Ó‚ Ò ÔÓ‚ÂıÌÓÒÚË ÔÓÒÚÂËÎËÁÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ı ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ ÌÂ
̇ÚÓ ALF Express II DNA analyzer (“Amersham
‚˚Ò‚‡˛ÚÒfl. èÓÒΠ‚ÒÍ˚ÚËfl ÔÎÓ‰‡, ÓÚ ÒÂÏÂÌË ÓÚ-
Pharmacia Biotecth”, ò‚ˆËfl) ÔÓ Òڇ̉‡ÚÌÓÏÛ ÔÓ-
‰ÂÎflÎË Á‡Ô‡Ò‡˛˘Ë ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎË, ËÁÏÂθ˜‡ÎË Ëı, Á‡ÎË-
ÚÓÍÓÎÛ. Çˉ ˉÂÌÚËÙˈËÓ‚‡ÎË Ì‡ ÓÒÌÓ‚‡ÌËË Ò‡‚-
‚‡ÎË ÒÚÂËθÌÓÈ ‚Ó‰ÓÈ ‚ ÒÓÓÚÌÓ¯ÂÌËË 1 : 50. ëÛÒ-
ÌÂÌËfl ÌÛÍÎÂÓÚˉÌ˚ı ÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚÂÈ Ò Ëϲ-
ÔÂÌÁ˲ Ó·‡·‡Ú˚‚‡ÎË Ì‡ ‚ÓÚÂÍÒ ‚ Ú˜ÂÌË 2 ÏËÌ.
˘ËÏËÒfl ‚ ˝ÎÂÍÚÓÌÌ˚ı ·‡Á‡ı ‰‡ÌÌ˚ı. èÓÒΉӂ‡-
é·‡Áˆ˚ ‚˚Ò‚‡ÎË Ì‡ ÔÓ‰ÍËÒÎÂÌÌÛ˛ 40% ÏÓÎÓ˜-
ÚÂθÌÓÒÚË ‚˚‡‚ÌË‚‡ÎË Ò ÔÓÏÓ˘¸˛ ÔÓ„‡ÏÏ˚
ÌÓÈ ÍËÒÎÓÚÓÈ (4 ÏÎ/Î) „βÍÓÁÓ-ÔÂÔÚÓÌÌÛ˛ Ò‰Û
MegAlign (“DNAStar”, ëòÄ) Ë ÒÚÓËÎË ÙËÎÓ„ÂÌÂÚË-
(„βÍÓÁ‡, 20 „/Î, ÔÂÔÚÓÌ 10 „/Î, ‰ÓÊÊ‚ÓÈ ˝ÍÒ-
˜ÂÒÍÓ ‰ÂÂ‚Ó (ÏÂÚÓ‰ ·ÎËÊ‡È¯Â„Ó Ò‰Ì„Ó, Á̇˜Â-
Ú‡ÍÚ 5 „/Î) ‚ ÚÂıÍ‡ÚÌÓÈ ÔÓ‚ÚÓÌÓÒÚË. èÓÒ‚˚
ÌËfl ·ÛÚÒÚÂÔ‡ ÔÓÎÛ˜ÂÌ˚ ˜ÂÂÁ 1000 ËÚÂ‡ˆËÈ).
ËÌÍÛ·ËÓ‚‡ÎË ÔË ÍÓÏ̇ÚÌÓÈ ÚÂÏÔÂ‡ÚÛ 5–7 ÒÛÚ.
Ç˚ÓүˠÍÓÎÓÌËË ‰ÓÊÊÂÈ ‡Á‰ÂÎflÎË Ì‡ ÏÓÙÓ-
Îӄ˘ÂÒÍË ÚËÔ˚ Ò ÔÓÏÓ˘¸˛ ·ËÌÓÍÛÎflÌÓÈ ÎÛÔ˚ Ë
êÖáìãúíÄíõ à éÅëìÜÑÖçàÖ
‚˚‰ÂÎflÎË Ì ÏÂÌ 3 ÍÓÎÓÌËÈ Í‡Ê‰Ó„Ó ÚËÔ‡. Ç˚‰Â-
ÎÂÌÌ˚ ÍÛθÚÛ˚ ˉÂÌÚËÙˈËÓ‚‡ÎË ÔÓ ÏÓÙÓ- Ç ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎflı Ò‚ÂÊËı ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ ‚ Ú˜ÂÌË ‚ÒÂ„Ó ÔÂ-
ÙËÁËÓÎӄ˘ÂÒÍËÏ ÔËÁÌ‡Í‡Ï [8] Ò ËÒÔÓθÁÓ‚‡ÌËÂÏ ËÓ‰‡, ÓÚ Ëı ÙÓÏËÓ‚‡ÌËfl ‰Ó ÓÔ‡‰‡ÌËfl ÓÒÂ̸˛,
‡Ò¯ËÂÌÌÓ„Ó ÙËÁËÓÎӄ˘ÂÒÍÓ„Ó ÒÔÂÍÚ‡ [9, 10]. ‰ÓÊÊË Ô‡ÍÚ˘ÂÒÍË Ì ӷ̇ÛÊË‚‡ÎËÒ¸. é˜Â̸
ÑÎfl Í‡Ê‰Ó„Ó ÔÎÓ‰‡ ‡ÒÒ˜ËÚ˚‚‡ÎË ÒÂ‰Ì˛˛ ˜ËÒ- ‰ÍÓ ‚ ÔÓÒ‚‡ı ÔËÒÛÚÒÚ‚Ó‚‡ÎË Ó‰ËÌÓ˜Ì˚ ‰ÓÊ-
ÎÂÌÌÓÒÚ¸ ‰ÓÊÊÂÈ ‚ äéÖ/„ ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎË Ë ‰Óβ ͇Ê- Ê‚˚ ÍÓÎÓÌËË. Ç ÔÂÂÁËÏÓ‚‡‚¯Ëı ˆÂÎ˚ı ÊÂÎÛ‰flı
‰Ó„Ó ‚ˉ‡ ÓÚ Ó·˘ÂÈ ˜ËÒÎÂÌÌÓÒÚË ‰ÓÊÊÂÈ. ‰ÓÊÊË ‚ÒÚ˜‡ÎËÒ¸ ˜‡˘Â Ë ‚ ·Óθ¯ÂÈ ˜ËÒÎÂÌÌÓ-
ÑÎfl ‚ËÁÛ‡ÎËÁ‡ˆËË ˝Ì‰ÓÙËÚÌ˚ı ‰ÓÊÊÂÈ ‰Â·ÎË ÒÚË, ÍÓÚÓ‡fl ‚ ÓÚ‰ÂθÌ˚ı ˝ÍÁÂÏÔÎfl‡ı ‰ÓÒÚË„‡Î‡
ÔÂÔ‡‡Ú˚ ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎÂÈ Ò ÔÓÏÓ˘¸˛ ÓÔ‡ÒÌÓÈ ·ËÚ‚˚. 103 äéÖ/„. é‰Ì‡ÍÓ ‚ χÂ, ÌÂÔÓÒ‰ÒÚ‚ÂÌÌÓ ÔÂ‰ ̇-
èÂÔ‡‡Ú˚ ÓÍ‡¯Ë‚‡ÎË 0.1% ÚÓÎÛˉËÌÓ‚˚Ï ÒËÌËÏ ˜‡ÎÓÏ ÔÓ‡ÒÚ‡ÌËfl ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ, ‰ÓÊÊË ·˚ÎË Ó·Ì‡Û-
‚ Ú˜ÂÌË 5–10 ÏËÌ, Á‡ÎË‚‡ÎË „ÎˈÂËÌÓÏ Ë ÏËÍÓ- ÊÂÌ˚ Ô‡ÍÚ˘ÂÒÍË ‚Ó ‚ÒÂı ÔӇ̇ÎËÁËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ı ÒÂ-
ÒÍÓÔËÓ‚‡ÎË. Ïfl‰ÓÎflı, Ô˘ÂÏ Ëı ˜ËÒÎÂÌÌÓÒÚ¸ ÒÓÒÚ‡‚Ë· ‚ Ò‰-
ÌÂÏ 105 äéÖ/„, ‰ÓÒÚË„‡fl ‚ ÓÚ‰ÂθÌ˚ı ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎflı
ÑÎfl ˉÂÌÚËÙË͇ˆËË ‚ˉ‡ ‰ÓÊÊÂÈ, ‰ÓÏËÌËÛ˛-
107 äéÖ/„ (ËÒ. 1).
˘Â„Ó ‚ ÊÂÎÛ‰flı, ÔÓ‚Ó‰ËÎË ÒÂÍ‚ÂÌËÓ‚‡ÌË D1D2
„ËÓ̇ 26S Ñçä. Ä̇ÎËÁ ÌÛÍÎÂÓÚˉÌ˚ı ÔÓÒΉÓ- èË ÏËÍÓÒÍÓÔËÓ‚‡ÌËË ÒÂÁÓ‚ ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎÂÈ,
‚‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚÂÈ ÔÓ‚Ó‰ËÎË ÔÓ ÒıÂÏÂ, ÓÔËÒ‡ÌÌÓÈ ‡Ì ÓÍ‡¯ÂÌÌ˚ı ÚÓÎÛˉËÌÓ‚˚Ï ÒËÌËÏ, ‚ ˝ÚÓÚ ÔÂËÓ‰
[11], ËÒÔÓθÁÛfl ‰Îfl ÔÂ‚Ó̇˜‡Î¸ÌÓÈ ‡ÏÔÎËÙË͇ˆËË ·˚ÎË ‚ˉÌ˚ ÍÛ„Î˚Â Ë ÍÓÓÚÍÓÓ‚‡Î¸Ì˚ ‰ÓÊÊÂ-
Ô‡ÈÏÂ˚ ITS5 (5'-GGA AGT AAA AGT CGT AAC ‚˚ ÍÎÂÚÍË ‰Ë‡ÏÂÚÓÏ ‰Ó 2–3 ÏÍÏ, ÍÓÚÓ˚ ‚ÒÚÂ-
AAG G) Ë LR6 (5'-CGC CAG TTC TGC ííÄ ëë) ̇ ˜‡ÎËÒ¸ Í‡Í ‚ ÏÂÊÍÎÂÚÓ˜ÌÓÏ ÔÓÒÚ‡ÌÒÚ‚Â, Ú‡Í Ë
‡ÏÔÎËÙË͇ÚÓ Uno II Thermal Cycler (“Biometra”, ‚ÌÛÚË ‡ÒÚËÚÂθÌ˚ı ÍÎÂÚÓÍ (ËÒ. 2). Ç ÔÂËÓ‰ ÔÂ-
ÉÂχÌËfl). á‡ÚÂÏ ÔÓÎÛ˜ÂÌÌ˚È Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚ ·˚Î Ó˜Ë- ‰ ÔÓ‡ÒÚ‡ÌËÂÏ Ë ‚ ÔÓ‡ÒÚ‡˛˘Ëı ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎflı
åàäêéÅàéãéÉàü      ÚÓÏ 78      ‹ 3      2009
ÑêéÜÜà CANDIDA RAILENENSIS Ç èãéÑÄï ÑìÅÄ óÖêÖòóÄíéÉé 401
ë‰Ì ÓÚÌÓÒËÚÂθÌÓ ӷËÎË (%) ‚ˉӂ ‰ÓÊÊÂÈ, ‚˚‰ÂÎÂÌÌ˚ı ËÁ ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎÂÈ ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ
éÔ‡‚¯Ë ç ÔÓÓÒ¯ËÂ,
Çˉ ç‡ ‰Â‚ èÓ‡ÒÚ‡˛˘ËÂ
‰Ó ÔÓ‡ÒÚ‡ÌËfl ‡Á·„‡˛˘ËÂÒfl
Cryptococcus albidus 0 0 13.6 62.8
Rhodotorula glutinis 0 2 5.2 12.1
Candida railenensis 100 98 74.1 1.2
Rhodotorula pilati 0 0 0 0.1
Rhodotorula mucilaginosa 0 0 0 1.6
Cystofilobasidium capitatum 0 0 7.1 20.8
Metschnikowia pulcherrima 0 0 0 1.4
·Óθ¯ËÌÒÚ‚Ó ÍÎÂÚÓÍ ÔÓ˜ÍÓ‚‡ÎÓÒ¸, ˜‡ÒÚÓ ‚ÒÚ˜‡- ÓÚ ÚËÔÓ‚Ó„Ó ¯Ú‡Ïχ C. railenensis (CBS 8164, NRRL
ÎËÒ¸ ÒÍÓÔÎÂÌËfl ÍÎÂÚÓÍ, ˜ÚÓ Ò‚Ë‰ÂÚÂθÒÚ‚ÛÂÚ Ó· Ëı Y-17762; U45800), ˜ÚÓ ÒÓÓÚ‚ÂÚÒÚ‚ÛÂÚ ÔËÌflÚÓÏÛ ‚
‡ÍÚË‚ÌÓÏ ‡ÁÏÌÓÊÂÌËË. „ÂÌÓÒËÒÚÂχÚËÍ ÍËÚÂ˲ ÍÓÌÒÔˆËÙ˘ÌÓÒÚË [12].
燘Ë̇fl Ò Ë˛Ìfl ˜ËÒÎÂÌÌÓÒÚ¸ ‰ÓÊÊÂÈ ‚ ÌÂÔÓ- èÓÎÌÓ ÒÓÓÚ‚ÂÚÒÚ‚Ë ÌÛÍÎÂÓÚˉÌÓÈ ÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθ-
ÓÒ¯Ëı ÊÂÎÛ‰flı ÔÓÒÚÂÔÂÌÌÓ ÛÏÂ̸¯‡Î‡Ò¸. Ç ÍÓ̈ ÌÓÒÚË D1D2 „ËÓ̇ ·˚ÎÓ Ó·Ì‡ÛÊÂÌÓ ÏÂÊ‰Û ‚˚‰Â-
ÎÂÚ‡ – ̇˜‡Î ÓÒÂÌË ˆÂÎÓÒÚÌÓÒÚ¸ ÔÓÍÓ‚Ó‚ ·Óθ- ÎÂÌÌ˚Ï Ì‡ÏË ¯Ú‡ÏÏÓÏ EF608212 Ë ¯Ú‡ÏÏÓÏ
¯ËÌÒÚ‚‡ ÌÂÔÓÓÒ¯Ëı ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ Ì‡˜‡Î‡ ̇Û¯‡Ú¸Òfl, ë. railenensis äëíë 7835 (AF257274), ‚˚‰ÂÎÂÌÌ˚Ï
Ӊ̇ÍÓ ˜ËÒÎÂÌÌÓÒÚ¸ ‰ÓÊÊÂÈ ‚ ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎflı ÔÓ‰ÓÎ- ËÁ ÔÎÓ‰Ó‚ ÒÎË‚˚ ‚ äÓ [13]. ÇÒ ËÁ‚ÂÒÚÌ˚ ‚˚‰Â-
ʇ· ÛÏÂ̸¯‡Ú¸Òfl. åËÌËχθ̇fl ˜ËÒÎÂÌÌÓÒÚ¸ ̇- ÎÂÌËfl ˝ÚÓ„Ó ‚ˉ‡ ÌÓÒflÚ ÒÎÛ˜‡ÈÌ˚È ı‡‡ÍÚÂ Ë ÌÂ
·Î˛‰‡Î‡Ò¸ ‚ ÌÓfl· ‚ ‡Á·„‡˛˘ËıÒfl Ë Ú‡Í Ë Ì ÔÓÁ‚ÓÎfl˛Ú ҉·ڸ Á‡Íβ˜ÂÌË ӷ ÓÒÓ·ÂÌÌÓÒÚflı
‚ÒÚÛÔË‚¯Ëı ‚ Ù‡ÁÛ ÔÓ‡ÒÚ‡ÌËfl ÔÎÓ‰‡ı. í‡ÍËÏ Ó·- Â„Ó ‡ÒÔÓÒÚ‡ÌÂÌËfl. èÓ ÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚË D1D2
‡ÁÓÏ, ‚ÓÁ‡ÒÚ‡ÌË ˜ËÒÎÂÌÌÓÒÚË ˝Ì‰ÓÙËÚÌ˚ı ‰ÓÊ- ˝ÚÓÚ ‚ˉ ̇˷ÓΠ·ÎËÁÓÍ Í C. oleophila, ÓÚ ÍÓÚÓÓ„Ó
Ê‚˚ı „Ë·Ó‚ ‚ ÊÂÎÛ‰flı ·˚ÎÓ ÓÚϘÂÌÓ ‚ ÔÂËÓ‰, ÓÌ ÙÂÌÓÚËÔ˘ÂÒÍË ÓÚ΢‡ÂÚÒfl ÚÓθÍÓ ÒÔÓÒÓ·ÌÓ-
Ô‰¯ÂÒÚ‚Û˛˘ËÈ Ëı ÔÓ‡ÒÚ‡Ì˲. ä‡Í ËÁ‚ÂÒÚÌÓ, ÒÚ¸˛ Í Ò·‡ÊË‚‡Ì˲ Ú„‡ÎÓÁ˚.
ÔÂ‰ ÔÓ‡ÒÚ‡ÌËÂÏ ‚ Á‡Ô‡Ò‡˛˘Ëı Ô‡ÂÌıËÏÌ˚ı îËÎÓ„ÂÌÂÚ˘ÂÒÍÛ˛ ·ÎËÁÓÒÚ¸ C. railenensis Ë
Ú͇Ìflı ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎÂÈ ÔÓËÒıÓ‰ËÚ ‡ÍÚË‚Ì˚È „ˉÓÎËÁ ë. oleophila ËÎβÒÚËÛÂÚ ‰ÂÂ‚Ó (ËÒ. 3), ÔÓÒÚÓÂÌ-
Í‡ıχ· Ò ‚˚Ò‚Ó·ÓʉÂÌË ÔÓÒÚ˚ı Ò‡ı‡Ó‚, ÌÂÓ·- ÌÓÂ Ò Ô˂ΘÂÌËÂÏ ¯Ú‡Ïχ ë. oleophila (EF452234),
ıÓ‰ËÏ˚ı ‰Îfl ‡Á‚ËÚËfl Á‡Ó‰˚¯‡ ÒÂÏÂÌË. èÓ-‚ˉË- ÍÓÚÓ˚È ·˚Î ‚˚‰ÂÎÂÌ Ì‡ÏË ËÁ ÙËÎÎÓÒÙÂ˚ ‡ÒÚÂ-
ÏÓÏÛ, ÔÓ‚˚¯ÂÌË ÍÓ΢ÂÒÚ‚‡ ‰ÓÒÚÛÔÌ˚ı ÔËÚ‡ÚÂθ- ÌËÈ ‚ ÚÓÏ Ê ‡ÈÓÌÂ, ˜ÚÓ Ë ¯Ú‡ÏÏ ë. railenensis
Ì˚ı ‚¢ÂÒÚ‚ ÒÚËÏÛÎËÓ‚‡ÎÓ ËÌÚÂÌÒË‚ÌÓ ‡ÁÏÌÓ- (EF608212). ä‡Í ·˚ÎÓ ÔÓ͇Á‡ÌÓ Ì‡ÏË ‡ÌÂÂ, ë. oleo-
ÊÂÌË ‰ÓÊÊÂÈ. phila ÔÓÒÚÓflÌÌÓ ÔËÒÛÚÒÚ‚ÛÂÚ Ì‡ ÎËÒÚ¸flı ‡ÁÌ˚ı ‚Ë-
ÇÒÂ„Ó ËÁ ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ ·˚ÎÓ ‚˚‰ÂÎÂÌÓ 7 ‚ˉӂ ‰ÓÊ- ‰Ó‚ ‡ÒÚÂÌËÈ [14]. ÅÎËÁÍÓÓ‰ÒÚ‚ÂÌÌ˚ ë. railenensis
ÊÂÈ (Ú‡·Îˈ‡). àÁ ÏÓÎÓ‰˚ı ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ Ì‡ ‰Â‚ ۉ‡- Ë ë. oleophila, ÒÍÓ ‚Ò„Ó, ÒΉÛÂÚ ‡ÒÒχÚË‚‡Ú¸
‚‡ÎÓÒ¸ ‚˚‰ÂÎËÚ¸ ‰ÓÊÊË Î˯¸ Ó‰ÌÓ„Ó ‡Ì‡ÏÓÙÌÓ- Í‡Í ‡ÁÌӂˉÌÓÒÚË Ó‰ÌÓ„Ó ÍÛÔÌÓ„Ó ‡Ì‡ÏÓÙÌÓ„Ó
„Ó ‡ÒÍÓÏˈÂÚÓ‚Ó„Ó ‚ˉ‡. ùÚÓÚ Ê ‚ˉ ·˚Î Ú‡ÍÊ ӷ- ‚ˉ‡, ÓÒÌÓ‚Ì˚Ï ÏÂÒÚÓÓ·ËÚ‡ÌËÂÏ ÍÓÚÓÓ„Ó fl‚ÎflÂÚÒfl
̇ÛÊÂÌ ‚ ͇˜ÂÒÚ‚Â ‡·ÒÓβÚÌÓ„Ó ‰ÓÏË̇ÌÚ‡ ‚ ÔÓ‚ÂıÌÓÒÚ¸ ‡ÒÚÂÌËÈ. ç ËÒÍβ˜ÂÌÓ, ˜ÚÓ Ó‰Ì‡ ËÁ
ÓÔ‡‚¯Ëı ÔÂÂÁËÏÓ‚‡‚¯Ëı ÊÂÎÛ‰flı ‰Ó ÔÂËÓ‰‡ Ëı ÌËı ‚ ÔÓˆÂÒÒ ‡Á‚ËÚËfl ÔËÒÔÓÒÓ·Ë·Ҹ Í ˝Ì‰ÓÙËÚ-
ÔÓ‡ÒÚ‡ÌËfl. ÇÒ ‚˚‰ÂÎÂÌÌ˚ ¯Ú‡ÏÏ˚ ˝ÚÓ„Ó ‚ˉ‡ ÌÓÏÛ ÒÛ˘ÂÒÚ‚Ó‚‡Ì˲, ‡ ‰Û„‡fl ÓÒڇ·Ҹ ÌÂÒÔˆˇ-
Ô‡ÍÚ˘ÂÒÍË Ì ÓÚ΢‡ÎËÒ¸ ÔÓ ÏÓÙÓÎӄ˘ÂÒÍËÏ Ë ÎËÁËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚Ï Ó·ËÚ‡ÚÂÎÂÏ ÙËÎÎÓÒÙÂ˚ ‡ÒÚÂÌËÈ.
ÙËÁËÓÎӄ˘ÂÒÍËÏ ı‡‡ÍÚÂËÒÚË͇Ï. Ç ÓÚ΢ˠÓÚ Ç ˝ÚÓÏ ÒÎÛ˜‡Â ÔÂ‰ ̇ÏË ÔËÏÂ ÚÓ„Ó, Í‡Í ‡Á‰ÂÎÂ-
‰Û„Ëı ӷ̇ÛÊÂÌÌ˚ı ‚ˉӂ, ÙÂÌÓÚËÔ˘ÂÒ͇fl ˉÂÌ- ÌË ˝ÍÓÎӄ˘ÂÒÍËı Ì˯ ‡Ì‡ÏÓÙÌ˚ı ‰ÓÊÊÂÈ ÏÓ-
ÚËÙË͇ˆËfl ˝ÚËı ¯Ú‡ÏÏÓ‚ ‚˚Á‚‡Î‡ ÓÔ‰ÂÎÂÌÌ˚ ÊÂÚ ‚˚ÒÚÛÔ‡Ú¸ ‚ ÓÎË Ù‡ÍÚÓ‡ ÒËÏÔ‡Ú˘ÂÒÍÓ„Ó ‚Ë-
Á‡ÚÛ‰ÌÂÌËfl. èÓ Òڇ̉‡ÚÌÓÈ ÒÓ‚ÓÍÛÔÌÓÒÚË ÏÓÙÓ- ‰ÓÓ·‡ÁÓ‚‡ÌËfl.
Îӄ˘ÂÒÍËı Ë ÙËÁËÓÎӄ˘ÂÒÍËı ÔËÁ̇ÍÓ‚ ÓÌË Ó͇- èÓÒÚÂÔÂÌÌÓ, ÔÓ ÏÂ ÔÓ‡ÒÚ‡ÌËfl ËÎË ‡ÁÎÓÊÂ-
Á‡ÎËÒ¸ ·ÎËÁÍËÏË Í ‚ˉ‡Ï Candida oleophila Ë C. raile- ÌËfl ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ ÓÚÌÓÒËÚÂθÌÓ ӷËÎË ë. railenensis ‚
nensis, Ӊ̇ÍÓ ËÏÂÎË ÌÂÍÓÚÓ˚ ÓÚ΢Ëfl ÓÚ ÒÚ‡Ì- ÌËı ÛÏÂ̸¯‡ÎÓÒ¸, Ë ÔÓÒΠ̇Û¯ÂÌËfl ˝ÍÁÓ͇ÔËfl
‰‡ÚÌ˚ı ÓÔËÒ‡ÌËÈ ˝ÚËı ‚ˉӂ. ÓÌË Á‡ÒÂÎflÎËÒ¸ ÚËÔ˘Ì˚ÏË ˝ÔËÙËÚÌ˚ÏË Ë ÔÓ‰ÒÚË-
à‰ÂÌÚËÙË͇ˆËfl Ó‰ÌÓ„Ó ËÁ ‚˚‰ÂÎÂÌÌ˚ı ¯Ú‡Ï- ÎÓ˜Ì˚ÏË ‚ˉ‡ÏË (ËÒ. 4). ÑÓÊÊ‚Ó ̇ÒÂÎÂÌËÂ
ÏÓ‚ (EF608212) ̇ ÓÒÌÓ‚Â ÌÛÍÎÂÓÚˉÌÓÈ ÔÓÒΉӂ‡- ‡Á·„‡˛˘ËıÒfl ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎÂÈ ‚ ÍÓ̈ ÓÒÂÌ˖̇˜‡ÎÂ
ÚÂθÌÓÒÚË D1D2 „ËÓ̇ Ñçä ÔÓ͇Á‡Î‡, ˜ÚÓ ËÏÂ- ÁËÏ˚ ÔÓ ‚ˉӂÓÏÛ ÒÓÒÚ‡‚Û ‰ÓÏË̇ÌÚÓ‚ ÛÊ Ì ÓÚÎË-
ÂÚÒfl ÓÚ΢ˠÚÓθÍÓ ‚ Ó‰ÌÛ ÌÛÍÎÂÓÚˉÌÛ˛ Á‡ÏÂÌÛ ˜‡ÎÓÒ¸ ÓÚ ÔÓ‰ÒÚËÎÓ˜ÌÓ„Ó: ‚ ÌÂÏ ‰ÓÏËÌËÓ‚‡ÎË ·‡ÁË-
8 åàäêéÅàéãéÉàü      ÚÓÏ 78      ‹ 3      2009
402 à҇‚‡ Ë ‰.
Candida ralilenensis EF608212
Candida ralilenensis AF247274
85.9 Candida ralilenensis T U45800
Candida oleophila T U45793
80.7 Candida oleophila EF452234
Candida santamariae var. santamariae T U4579
94.7 Candida santamariae var. membranifaciens T U45785
82.9 Candida zeylanoides T U45832
Candida boleticola T U45777
97.2 99.9 Candida schatavii T U45795
Candida fragi T U71071
57.2 Candida natalensis T U45818
83.1 96.8 Candida auercitrusa T U45831
Debaryomyces hansenii var. hansenii T U45808
91.0 Pichia guilliermondii T 045709
Zygosaccharomyces bailii T U72161
8 6 4 2 0
êËÒ. 3. îËÎÓ„ÂÌÂÚ˘ÂÒÍÓ ÔÓÎÓÊÂÌË ‚ˉ‡ ‰ÓÊÊÂÈ, ‚˚‰ÂÎÂÌÌÓ„Ó ËÁ ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ (¯Ú‡ÏÏ EF608212). êÂÁÛθڇÚ˚ ÒÂÍ‚Â-
ÌËÓ‚‡ÌËfl D1D2 „ËÓ̇ Ñçä, ¯Í‡Î‡ ÒÓÓÚ‚ÂÚÒÚ‚ÛÂÚ ˜ËÒÎÛ ÌÛÍÎÂÓÚˉÌ˚ı Á‡ÏÂÌ Ì‡ 100 Ô.Ì., Á̇˜ÂÌËfl ·ÛÚÒÚÂÔ‡
ÏÂ̸¯Â 50 Ì Ô˂‰ÂÌ˚.
Candida railenensis Cryptococcus albidus
100
80
60
%
40
Â,
Ë
Î
Ë 20
·
Ó
 0
Ó
Ì
¸100 Cystofilobasidium capitatum Rhodotorula glutinis
Î
Â
Ú
Ë 80
Ò
Ó
Ì
éÚ 60
40
20
0
5 9 12 3 6 10 1 5 9 12 3 6 10 1
åÂÒflˆ˚
1 2 3
êËÒ. 4. ÑË̇ÏË͇ ÓÚÌÓÒËÚÂθÌÓ„Ó Ó·ËÎËfl ‰ÓÏËÌËÛ˛˘Ëı ‚ˉӂ ‰ÓÊÊÂÈ ‚ ÒÂÏfl‰ÓÎflı ÊÂÎÛ‰ÂÈ; Ó·ÓÁ̇˜ÂÌËfl Í‡Í Ì‡
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ӷ̇ÛÊË‚‡˛ÚÒfl ‚Ó ‚ÌÛÚÂÌÌËı Ú͇Ìflı ÏÌÓ„Ëı ‰ÓÙËÚÌÓ„Ó ‰ÓÊÊÂ‚Ó„Ó ÒÓÓ·˘ÂÒÚ‚‡ ·˚Î ËÒÒΉÓ-
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