Burmagomphus schneiderisp. nov., a new dragonfly from the south of Vietnam (Odonata: Gomphidae)

2011·0.43 MB·

by  Do Manh Cuong

InternationalJournalofOdonatology
Vol.14,No.3,September2011,223–231
Burmagomphus schneideri sp. nov., a new dragonfly from the
south ofVietnam (Odonata: Gomphidae)
DoManhCuong*
409–57A,TaptheBoThuySan,22/20NguyenCongHoan,Hanoi,Vietnam
(Received14January2011;finalversionreceived1August2011)
Burmagomphusschneiderisp.nov.(RungGiong,Kanakcommune,K’Bangdistrict,14◦8(cid:3)42.05(cid:3)(cid:3)N,108◦
36(cid:3)37.33(cid:3)(cid:3)EGiaLaiProvinceinthesouthernpartofVietnam,leg.Do,27iv2010,tobedepositedinVietnam
NationalMuseumofNature)isdescribedfromthemalesexandcomparedwithmalesofthecloselyrelated
speciesB.vermicularisandB.arboreus.FullillustrationsoftopotypicalmaleB.vermicularisareprovided
thefirsttime(HuuLien,LangSon,NorthVietnam).
Keywords: Odonata;dragonfly;newspecies;Gomphidae;Burmagomphusschneideri;Burmagomphus
vermicularis;GiaLai;LangSon;Vietnam
Introduction
The first member of the genus, Burmagomphus vermicularis was described by Martin (1904)
in the genus Gomphus. Burmagomphus was erected by Williamson (1908) for specimens col-
lectedfromMyanmar(Burma)andmisidentifiedasvermicularis(misspelledasvermiculatusby
Williamson),whichwasmadethegenerotype.Fraser(1926)showedthattheBurmesespecimens
are a distinct species but gave it the preoccupied name williamsoni; Lieftinck (1940, p. 111)
renameditB.arboreus.
Martin(1904)describedvermicularisbasedonspecimenscollectedfromTonkinandAnnam;
Martin’s description is very poor and without illustrations. Williamson sent a specimen of the
BurmesespeciestoMartin,whowrote“Itisaspeciesveryneartovermiculatusbutslenderer,the
stripesofthethoraxdifferent,theinferiorappendageslendererandmoredivaricate”(Williamson
1908, p. 301). Lieftinck (1953), when comparing B. javicus Schmidt, 1934 (now considered a
subspeciesofB.williamsoniFörster,1914)toB.vermiculariscollectedfromMauSonnearThan
Muoi(“ThanMoi”)Tonkin(LangSonProvince,NorthVietnam),illustratedthethoraxmarkingof
bothmaleandfemaleandthefemaleoccipitalplateofB.vermiculariscollectedbyH.Fruhstorfer.
Lieftick (1953) also noted that: “Examples of vermicularis which I have seen from China (ex.
Coll. Hsiu-Fu Chao) are in all probability racially distinct from Martin’s Tonkinese insect and
will be treated as such by Mr. Chao in his forthcoming monograph of Chinese Gomphidae”.
*Email:[email protected]
ISSN1388-7890print/ISSN2159-6719online
©2011WorldwideDragonflyAssociation
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13887890.2011.610268
http://www.tandfonline.com
224 M.C.Do
WhenChao(1990)publishedhisstudyoftheChineseGomphidae,helistedB.vermicularisin
the identification key with its distribution as Fujian and Taiwan. However in the poor figures
presentedbyChao,atleastthethoracicmarkingsarenotsimilartothoseshowninthefigureby
Lieftick(1953,p.168,fig.31).Sincethentherehasbeennomoredetailedinformationpublished
ontrueB.vermicularisfromVietnam.
On a trip to southern Vietnam in April 2010 I observed two, but collected only one, male
Burmagomphus,closetoB.vermicularis,fromKaNak,K’Bangdistrict,GiaLaiprovince.Then
inJune2010IcollectedtwotopotypicalmalesofB.vermicularisfromHuuLienNatureReserve,
LangSonprovince,northernVietnam.Additionally,malespecimensofB.vermacularisthatwere
collectedbyMattiHämäläinenfromHuanghuastream,Yingxifenglin,Guangdong,Chinawere
compared with the holotype of the new species. Specimens of B. vermicularis collected both
fromVietnamandChinawereconfirmedinstructurebycomparisontheholotypeintheMuséum
nationald’Histoirenaturelle,Paris.
InthispaperthenewBumagomphusspeciesisdescribedandcomparedwithB.vermicularisand
B.arboreus.SomeadditionalcharacteristicsofthemaletopoptyeB.vermicularisarediscussed
andillustrated.
Burmagomphusschneiderisp.nov.
(Figure1)
Etymology
The species is named after Wolfgang Schneider, Past President of the Worldwide Dragonfly
Association.
Specimensexamined
Holotype(cid:2):RungGiong,KaNakcommune,K’Bangdistrict(14◦8(cid:3)42.05(cid:3)(cid:3)N,108◦36(cid:3)37.33(cid:3)(cid:3)E,
350m),GiaLaiProvinceinthesouthernpartofVietnam,27April2010,leg.Do,tobedepositedin
VietnamNationalMuseumofNature.SpecimensofB.vermicularisstudiedforcomparison:2(cid:2)
fromHuuLienNatureReserve,LangSonProvince,21June2010,leg.Do,depositedincoll.Do.
2(cid:2)fromHuanghuastream,Yingxifenglin,GuangdongChina,2August2010leg.Hamalainen,
depositedincoll.Do.
Descriptionofholotypemale
Asmalldragonfly,blackandgreenishmarking,withhyalinewings(Figure1a,g,f).
Head. Occiput black, somewhat concave with row of hairs at posterior margin, vertex black,
fronsblackwithtwoupperwhitegreenishmarkingsondorsalside.Clypeusblackwithwhitish
anteriorpart.Whitegreenishspotoneachsideofgena.Labrumblackwithtwowhitegreenish
markings.Mandibleblackwithbasalwhitegreenishmarking(Figure1b).Labiumhairy,yellow
whitishwithblackmarkingsasfollows:palpallobeswhitishwithblackatapex,movablehooks
entirely black; prementum whitish with a narrow black line on apical margin in ventral view
(Figure1c).
Thorax. Prothorax black with two greenish spots on each side, upper spot larger than lower
spot, which is very close to greenish stripe on coxa of front leg in lateral view.Anterior lobe
Burmagomphusschneiderisp.nov. 225
Figure 1. Burmagomphusschneideri,maleholotype:(a)body,lateral;(b)head;(c)labium;(d)thorax,lateral;(e)
synthorax,dorsal;(f)leftforewing;(g)lefthindwing;(h)analappendages,oblique;(i)analappendages,lateral;(j)anal
appendages,dorsal;(k)analappendages,ventral;(l)hamulus;(m)penis,lateral;(n)distantsegmentofpenis,ventral;(o)
vesicle,anteriorandoblique.Nottoscale.
of prothorax marked with greenish on dorsal rim (Figure 1d). Synthorax black with greenish
markingsasfollows:mesepisternumwithanterodorsalmarkingandstripe,slendermediodorsally
thenbroadeningfurtherdownwardandconnectingtostripeoncoxaofmiddleleg.Twostripes
on metepisternum and mesepimeron, fused at top and posterior branch extending onto venter
behind posterior coxa, upper posterior corner of mesepimeron with a small dot. Metapleuron
nearlyentirelygreenishexceptposteriorborder.
Wingshyaline,antenodals12infirstrowand11insecondrowofFw;9inbothfirstandsecond
rowsofHw.Postnodals9infirstrowofFw,8infirstrowofHw.Pterostigmadarkbrown,covering
226 M.C.Do
Figure 1. Continued.
4cellsofbothFwandHw.Trianglesnotsimilarintwowings,neitherwithnocrossveins.Two
crossveinsbetweenRP−andMA+fromarculustoRP3−andRP1−junctioninFwbutinHw
onlyasinglecrossvein(Figure1f,g).
Abdomen. InlateralviewS1short,blackwithgreenishmarkingatposteriorlowerpart,S2black
withtwogreenishbands,anteriorextendingforfullheightofsegment,posteriorextendingabout
1/2itsheight,thetwobandsfusedalonglowermarginofsegment,heightofsegmentabout1/2
itslength.S3blackwithagreenishringbasally,S4–6allsimilar,blackwithsmallgreenishdot
atbase,S7graduallyexpandedapicallyfrommiddle,blackwithlargergreenishdotatbaseand
size.S8aslargeasS2orslightlywisedatapex,whollyblackandgraduallyexpandedfrombase
Burmagomphusschneiderisp.nov. 227
to apex. S9 smaller, gradually narrowing from base to apex, black with dorsal apical greenish
marking.S10smallerthanS9andentirelyblack.(Figure1a,d,h,i).
Anal appendages wholly black. Cercus pointed at apex with small lateral spine near apex,
henceinobliquedorsalviewappearingslightlybifid.Indorsalview,innermarginofcercicurve
toformbroad“U”shape.Epiproctstouterandclearlylongerthancerci.Apexofepiproctbending
upwardinroundedcurveandendinginobtuseapex.Dorsalsurfaceofepiproctsomewhatconcave,
particularlysubapicalbend.Indorsalandventralview,innermarginsofepiproctformclear“V”
shape(Figure1h,i,k,l).
Anteriorhamulussimple,smallwithapicalhairtuft;posteriorhamulusmoredevelopedwith
apex expanded gradually, apical posterior margin round, apical anterior margin converging to
sharpspine.Inlateralview,baseofposteriorhamulusnarrowandgraduallyexpandedtomiddle
butinanterolateralviewappearingmuchlargerwithanteriormarginmoredeveloped(Figure1m),
asinB.vermicularis(Figure2l,m).
Penileorgantypicalwithdistalsegmentinflatedandapicalpartmodifiedtoformalongcoiled
filament(Figure1o,p).Vesicleblackandhairywitharoundmedialcleft(Figure1q).
Measurements (mm). Hw 24.8, abdomen (include appendages) 32, body (including head and
appendages)43.1.
Female
Femaleunknown.
Habitatandbehavior
The species was found in disturbed forest with remnant old-growth trees; the type locality is
protectedfromlogging.Thespeciesisassociatedwithcleanopenstreamwithsandybottoms.In
high humidity conditions, before rain, the male usually hovers above fast running streams and
protectshisterritory.
Table 1. DiagnosticcharactersofBurmagomphusschneideri,B.vermicularis,andB.arboreus.
Species
Character B.schneideri B.vermicularis B.arboreus∗
Size(mm) Totallength43,abd.32, Totallength47,abd.34, Totallengthunknown,
hw25 hw27 abd.28,hw23
Prementum withnarrowblackapical blackinaboutapical1/3 notknown
margin
Lengthofepiproct(lateral ∼1.33×lengthofcerci ∼equaltocerci ∼1.2×lengthofcerci
view)
Tipofepiproct(lateral verystronglyupcurved slightlyupcurved slightlyupcurved
view)
Spanofepiproct(dorsal distinctlywiderthanspan Barelywiderthanspanof distinctlywiderthanspan
view) ofcerci cerci ofcerci
Posteriormarginof V-shaped U-shaped U-shaped
epiproct(dorsalview)
Distalmarginofposterior rounded,withantero- roundedorslightlyflattened, concave,withantero-
hamulus ventraltoothonly withantero-ventraltooth ventralandpostero-
only ventralteeth
∗FromLieftinck(1964).
228 M.C.Do
Discussionanddiagnosis
BurmagomphusaresmallgomphidsfoundfromIndiatoSouth-eastAsiaandChina.InVietnam,
onlytwospeciesofthegenushavebeenrecordedtodate,B.schneiderisp.nov.andB.vermicularis.
BasedonthedistributionofthegenusinAsia,therearelikelytobemorespeciesfromthegenusin
Vietnam.TheirhabitatsinVietnamaremediumtolargeopenstreams(2–5mwide),insecondary
orprimaryforestsatelevationsofc.200–500masl.
The new species B. schneideri sp. nov. is clearly close to B. arboreus and B. vermicularis,
which have similar markings on the head (Figures 1b, 2a) and thorax (Figures 1d, 2c), similar
wingvenation(Figures1f,g,2d,e),asimilarvesicaspermalis(Figures1o,p,2i)andhamulus
Figure 2. Burmagomphusvermicularis,maletopotype:(a)head;(b)labium;(c)thorax,lateral;(d)leftforewing;(e)
lefthindwing;(f)analappendages,lateral;(g)analappendages,dorsal;(h)analappendages,ventral;(i)penis,lateral;
(j)anteriorhamulus,lateral;(k)posteriorhamulus,lateral;(l)same,anteriorlateral.Nottoscale.
Burmagomphusschneiderisp.nov. 229
Figure 2. Continued.
(Figures1m,2k,l,m).However,themaleofB.schneiderisp.nov.differsinseveralcharacters
(Table1),themostimportantofwhichare:
• Labium of B. schneideri with prementum (median lobe) whitish, only a narrow black line
at the apical margin with a little black at tips and base of palps (lateral lobes); premen-
tum of B. vermicularis shining black in the apical 1/3, with black more extensive on palps
(Figures1c,2b).
• Inlateralview,epiproctclearlylongerthancerciinB.schneideri,withapicesstronglyupcurved;
slightly longer than cerci with apices slightly upcurved at extreme tip in B. arboreus; about
equaltocerciinlengthandslightlyupcurvedattipinB.vermicularis(Figures1i,2f).
• Indorsalview,innermarginofepiproctofB.schneideriV-shapedanditsbranchesspreadwell
lateradofcerci;U-shapedwithwidelyspreadapicesinB.arboreus;U-shapedwithbranches
barelysurpassingcercilaterallyinB.vermicularis(Figures1k,l,2g,h).
• Posterior hamulus rounded or straight on ventral edge, with single anteroventral hook in
B. schneideri and B. vermicularis; in B. arboreus with concave ventral edge and small
posteroventralspineinadditiontoanteroventralhook.
B.vermicularisfromLangSonprovince,NorthVietnammaybedifferentfromthespeciesthat
wasrecordedfromTaiwanandFuijan,judgingbyChao’sfigures(1990),inwhichthethoracic
marking and the anal appendages differ. Indeed the long greenish strip on the meseisternum
that connects to the greenish marking on the anterior coxa is narrow and simple in specimens
fromLangSonprovince(Figure 2c),butitalmostdividesintotwobranchesinChao’sfigures.
230 M.C.Do
Figure 3. BurmagomphusvermicularisfromGuangdong,China:(a)thorax,lateral;(b)labium;(c)analappendages,
lateral;(d)analappendages,ventral.
TheepiproctshowninChao’sfigureslooksstouterthanthatofB.vermicularisfromLangSon
province(Figure2f).
Basedonthestructureofpenis,hamulusandanalappendages,thespecimensfromGuangdong,
ChinaareB.vermicularis(Figure3),andareclearlydifferentfromB.schneideri,Astheyhave
a U-shaped epiproct in dorsal and ventral view (Figure 3d) and in lateral view, the cerci and
epiproctareequalinlength(Figure3c).Howevertheepiproctdiffersindetailsfromthatshown
Chao’sfigures,whichisstouterinlateralviewandnotaswidelydivaricatedindorsalviewasin
B.vermicularis.
ThethoracicmarkingsofB.vermicularisfromLangSonprovince(Tonkin)andB.schneideri
sp.nov.fromGiaLaiprovince(southofAnnam)matchverywellwithLieftinck’sfiguresin1953.
ThethoracicmarkingsofspecimenfromGuangdong,ChinaaresimilartoChao’sfigurebutthere
isanadditionalsmalldotontheuppermesepisternum.
TheholotypeofB.vermicularismatchesverywelltothetopotypefromHuuLien,LangSon
andthematerialsfromGuangdong,Chinaaswell(confirmedbyProf.JeanLegrand).Thesmall
dot on upper mesepisternum on Guangdong specimens is not a strong enough characteristic to
separateitfromthespeciesB.vermicularis.ThespecimenB.vermicularisfromFujianandTaiwan
thatChaodrawin1990shouldbeconfirmedinthestructureofstouterepiproctinlateralview.
Acknowledgements
IamgratefultotheInternationalDragonflyFoundation(IDF)andtheWorldwideDragonflyAssociation(WDA)grants
thatsupportedmyodonatologicalstudyin2010,andMartinSchorr,HaomiaoZhangandQi-hanXuforprovidingrelevant
literature.ThankstoMattiHämäläinenforpassingmethematerialsofB.vermicularisfromGuangdong,China.Ialso
thankWen-ChiYehforconfirmingthestructureofB.vermicularismaterialsfromTaiwan.IespeciallythankProf.Jean
LegrandforconfirmingthestructureoftheholotypeofB.vermicularisintheNatureHistoryMuseumofParis.Ithank
RoryDow,MikeMayandananonymousreviewerforreviewing,revisingandimprovingthemanuscript.
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