Table Of Content

Apache Impala (incubating) Guide | Contents | ii Contents Introducing Apache Impala (incubating).............................................................13 Impala Benefits...................................................................................................................................................13 How Impala Works with Apache Hadoop.........................................................................................................13 Primary Impala Features.....................................................................................................................................14 Impala Concepts and Architecture.......................................................................14 Components of the Impala Server......................................................................................................................14 The Impala Daemon...............................................................................................................................14 The Impala Statestore.............................................................................................................................15 The Impala Catalog Service...................................................................................................................15 Developing Impala Applications........................................................................................................................16 Overview of the Impala SQL Dialect....................................................................................................16 Overview of Impala Programming Interfaces........................................................................................17 How Impala Fits Into the Hadoop Ecosystem...................................................................................................17 How Impala Works with Hive...............................................................................................................17 Overview of Impala Metadata and the Metastore..................................................................................18 How Impala Uses HDFS........................................................................................................................18 How Impala Uses HBase.......................................................................................................................18 Planning for Impala Deployment..........................................................................18 Impala Requirements..........................................................................................................................................18 Supported Operating Systems................................................................................................................18 Hive Metastore and Related Configuration............................................................................................19 Java Dependencies..................................................................................................................................19 Networking Configuration Requirements...............................................................................................19 Hardware Requirements..........................................................................................................................20 User Account Requirements...................................................................................................................20 Cluster Sizing Guidelines for Impala.................................................................................................................20 Guidelines for Designing Impala Schemas........................................................................................................22 Installing Impala.....................................................................................................24 What is Included in an Impala Installation........................................................................................................24 Managing Impala....................................................................................................25 Post-Installation Configuration for Impala.........................................................................................................25 Configuring Impala to Work with ODBC.........................................................................................................26 Configuring Impala to Work with JDBC...........................................................................................................27 Configuring the JDBC Port....................................................................................................................27 Choosing the JDBC Driver....................................................................................................................27 Enabling Impala JDBC Support on Client Systems..............................................................................27 Establishing JDBC Connections.............................................................................................................28 Notes about JDBC and ODBC Interaction with Impala SQL Features.................................................29 Upgrading Impala...................................................................................................30 | Contents | iii Upgrading Impala...............................................................................................................................................30 Starting Impala.......................................................................................................31 Starting Impala from the Command Line..........................................................................................................31 Modifying Impala Startup Options....................................................................................................................32 Configuring Impala Startup Options through the Command Line.........................................................32 Checking the Values of Impala Configuration Options.........................................................................34 Startup Options for impalad Daemon....................................................................................................34 Startup Options for statestored Daemon................................................................................................34 Startup Options for catalogd Daemon....................................................................................................34 Impala Tutorials..................................................................................................... 34 Tutorials for Getting Started..............................................................................................................................35 Explore a New Impala Instance.............................................................................................................35 Load CSV Data from Local Files..........................................................................................................40 Point an Impala Table at Existing Data Files........................................................................................42 Describe the Impala Table......................................................................................................................43 Query the Impala Table..........................................................................................................................44 Data Loading and Querying Examples..................................................................................................45 Advanced Tutorials.............................................................................................................................................47 Attaching an External Partitioned Table to an HDFS Directory Structure............................................47 Switching Back and Forth Between Impala and Hive...........................................................................49 Cross Joins and Cartesian Products with the CROSS JOIN Operator...................................................50 Dealing with Parquet Files with Unknown Schema..........................................................................................52 Impala Administration...........................................................................................66 Admission Control and Query Queuing.............................................................................................................67 Overview of Impala Admission Control................................................................................................67 Concurrent Queries and Admission Control..........................................................................................68 Memory Limits and Admission Control................................................................................................68 How Impala Admission Control Relates to Other Resource Management Tools..................................68 How Impala Schedules and Enforces Limits on Concurrent Queries....................................................69 How Admission Control works with Impala Clients (JDBC, ODBC, HiveServer2).............................69 SQL and Schema Considerations for Admission Control.....................................................................70 Configuring Admission Control.............................................................................................................70 Resource Management for Impala.....................................................................................................................75 How Resource Limits Are Enforced......................................................................................................75 impala-shell Query Options for Resource Management........................................................................76 Limitations of Resource Management for Impala.................................................................................76 Setting Timeout Periods for Daemons, Queries, and Sessions..........................................................................76 Increasing the Statestore Timeout..........................................................................................................76 Setting the Idle Query and Idle Session Timeouts for impalad.............................................................76 Setting Timeout and Retries for Thrift Connections to the Backend Client..........................................77 Cancelling a Query.................................................................................................................................77 Using Impala through a Proxy for High Availability........................................................................................77 Overview of Proxy Usage and Load Balancing for Impala...................................................................78 Special Proxy Considerations for Clusters Using Kerberos..................................................................78 Example of Configuring HAProxy Load Balancer for Impala..............................................................79 Managing Disk Space for Impala Data..............................................................................................................81 Impala Security.......................................................................................................82 Security Guidelines for Impala..........................................................................................................................83 | Contents | iv Securing Impala Data and Log Files.................................................................................................................84 Installation Considerations for Impala Security.................................................................................................84 Securing the Hive Metastore Database..............................................................................................................84 Securing the Impala Web User Interface...........................................................................................................84 Configuring TLS/SSL for Impala......................................................................................................................85 Using the Command Line......................................................................................................................85 Using TLS/SSL with Business Intelligence Tools.................................................................................86 Enabling Sentry Authorization for Impala.........................................................................................................86 The Sentry Privilege Model...................................................................................................................86 Starting the impalad Daemon with Sentry Authorization Enabled........................................................87 Using Impala with the Sentry Service (Impala 1.4 or higher only).......................................................88 Using Impala with the Sentry Policy File..............................................................................................88 Setting Up Schema Objects for a Secure Impala Deployment..............................................................93 Privilege Model and Object Hierarchy..................................................................................................93 Debugging Failed Sentry Authorization Requests.................................................................................97 The DEFAULT Database in a Secure Deployment...............................................................................97 Impala Authentication.........................................................................................................................................97 Enabling Kerberos Authentication for Impala.......................................................................................98 Enabling LDAP Authentication for Impala.........................................................................................101 Using Multiple Authentication Methods with Impala..........................................................................103 Configuring Impala Delegation for Hue and BI Tools........................................................................103 Auditing Impala Operations.............................................................................................................................104 Durability and Performance Considerations for Impala Auditing.......................................................104 Format of the Audit Log Files.............................................................................................................104 Which Operations Are Audited............................................................................................................105 Viewing Lineage Information for Impala Data...............................................................................................105 Impala SQL Language Reference.......................................................................106 Comments..........................................................................................................................................................106 Data Types........................................................................................................................................................107 ARRAY Complex Type (Impala 2.3 or higher only)..........................................................................107 BIGINT Data Type...............................................................................................................................110 BOOLEAN Data Type.........................................................................................................................112 CHAR Data Type (Impala 2.0 or higher only)....................................................................................113 DECIMAL Data Type (Impala 1.4 or higher only).............................................................................116 DOUBLE Data Type............................................................................................................................125 FLOAT Data Type...............................................................................................................................126 INT Data Type......................................................................................................................................127 MAP Complex Type (Impala 2.3 or higher only)...............................................................................128 REAL Data Type..................................................................................................................................132 SMALLINT Data Type........................................................................................................................132 STRING Data Type..............................................................................................................................133 STRUCT Complex Type (Impala 2.3 or higher only).........................................................................135 TIMESTAMP Data Type.....................................................................................................................141 TINYINT Data Type............................................................................................................................148 VARCHAR Data Type (Impala 2.0 or higher only)............................................................................149 Complex Types (Impala 2.3 or higher only).......................................................................................151 Literals...............................................................................................................................................................182 Numeric Literals...................................................................................................................................183 String Literals........................................................................................................................................184 Boolean Literals....................................................................................................................................185 Timestamp Literals...............................................................................................................................185 NULL....................................................................................................................................................185 SQL Operators..................................................................................................................................................187 Arithmetic Operators............................................................................................................................187 | Contents | v BETWEEN Operator............................................................................................................................190 Comparison Operators..........................................................................................................................191 EXISTS Operator..................................................................................................................................192 ILIKE Operator.....................................................................................................................................195 IN Operator...........................................................................................................................................196 IREGEXP Operator..............................................................................................................................199 IS DISTINCT FROM Operator............................................................................................................200 IS NULL Operator................................................................................................................................202 LIKE Operator......................................................................................................................................203 Logical Operators..................................................................................................................................203 REGEXP Operator................................................................................................................................206 RLIKE Operator....................................................................................................................................208 Impala Schema Objects and Object Names.....................................................................................................209 Overview of Impala Aliases.................................................................................................................209 Overview of Impala Databases............................................................................................................210 Overview of Impala Functions.............................................................................................................211 Overview of Impala Identifiers............................................................................................................212 Overview of Impala Tables..................................................................................................................213 Overview of Impala Views..................................................................................................................217 Impala SQL Statements....................................................................................................................................221 DDL Statements....................................................................................................................................221 DML Statements...................................................................................................................................222 ALTER TABLE Statement..................................................................................................................223 ALTER VIEW Statement.....................................................................................................................236 COMPUTE STATS Statement.............................................................................................................237 CREATE DATABASE Statement.......................................................................................................244 CREATE FUNCTION Statement.........................................................................................................246 CREATE ROLE Statement (Impala 2.0 or higher only).....................................................................253 CREATE TABLE Statement................................................................................................................253 CREATE VIEW Statement..................................................................................................................267 DELETE Statement (Impala 2.8 or higher only).................................................................................269 DESCRIBE Statement..........................................................................................................................271 DROP DATABASE Statement............................................................................................................283 DROP FUNCTION Statement.............................................................................................................285 DROP ROLE Statement (Impala 2.0 or higher only)..........................................................................286 DROP STATS Statement.....................................................................................................................287 DROP TABLE Statement.....................................................................................................................291 DROP VIEW Statement.......................................................................................................................293 EXPLAIN Statement............................................................................................................................294 GRANT Statement (Impala 2.0 or higher only)..................................................................................297 INSERT Statement................................................................................................................................298 INVALIDATE METADATA Statement..............................................................................................307 LOAD DATA Statement......................................................................................................................310 REFRESH Statement............................................................................................................................314 REVOKE Statement (Impala 2.0 or higher only)................................................................................318 SELECT Statement...............................................................................................................................319 SET Statement......................................................................................................................................345 SHOW Statement..................................................................................................................................378 TRUNCATE TABLE Statement (Impala 2.3 or higher only).............................................................396 UPDATE Statement (Impala 2.8 or higher only)................................................................................399 UPSERT Statement (Impala 2.8 or higher only).................................................................................400 USE Statement......................................................................................................................................401 Impala Built-In Functions.................................................................................................................................402 Impala Mathematical Functions...........................................................................................................403 Impala Bit Functions............................................................................................................................418 Impala Type Conversion Functions.....................................................................................................430 | Contents | vi Impala Date and Time Functions.........................................................................................................434 Impala Conditional Functions..............................................................................................................478 Impala String Functions........................................................................................................................484 Impala Miscellaneous Functions..........................................................................................................501 Impala Aggregate Functions.................................................................................................................503 Impala Analytic Functions....................................................................................................................534 Impala User-Defined Functions (UDFs)..............................................................................................553 SQL Differences Between Impala and Hive....................................................................................................570 HiveQL Features not Available in Impala...........................................................................................570 Semantic Differences Between Impala and HiveQL Features.............................................................571 Porting SQL from Other Database Systems to Impala....................................................................................572 Porting DDL and DML Statements.....................................................................................................572 Porting Data Types from Other Database Systems..............................................................................573 SQL Statements to Remove or Adapt..................................................................................................575 SQL Constructs to Doublecheck..........................................................................................................576 Next Porting Steps after Verifying Syntax and Semantics..................................................................577 Using the Impala Shell (impala-shell Command)..............................................578 impala-shell Configuration Options.................................................................................................................578 Summary of impala-shell Configuration Options................................................................................578 impala-shell Configuration File............................................................................................................581 Connecting to impalad through impala-shell...................................................................................................582 Running Commands and SQL Statements in impala-shell..............................................................................584 impala-shell Command Reference....................................................................................................................588 Tuning Impala for Performance.........................................................................591 Impala Performance Guidelines and Best Practices.........................................................................................592 Performance Considerations for Join Queries..................................................................................................594 How Joins Are Processed when Statistics Are Unavailable................................................................595 Overriding Join Reordering with STRAIGHT_JOIN..........................................................................595 Examples of Join Order Optimization..................................................................................................595 Table and Column Statistics.............................................................................................................................601 Overview of Table Statistics................................................................................................................601 Overview of Column Statistics............................................................................................................602 How Table and Column Statistics Work for Partitioned Tables..........................................................603 Overview of Incremental Statistics......................................................................................................605 Generating Table and Column Statistics (COMPUTE STATS Statement).........................................606 Detecting Missing Statistics.................................................................................................................607 Keeping Statistics Up to Date..............................................................................................................609 Setting the NUMROWS Value Manually through ALTER TABLE...................................................609 Setting Column Stats Manually through ALTER TABLE..................................................................610 Examples of Using Table and Column Statistics with Impala............................................................611 Benchmarking Impala Queries.........................................................................................................................615 Controlling Impala Resource Usage.................................................................................................................615 Runtime Filtering for Impala Queries (Impala 2.5 or higher only).................................................................615 Background Information for Runtime Filtering...................................................................................616 Runtime Filtering Internals...................................................................................................................617 File Format Considerations for Runtime Filtering...............................................................................617 Wait Intervals for Runtime Filters.......................................................................................................617 Query Options for Runtime Filtering...................................................................................................618 Runtime Filtering and Query Plans......................................................................................................618 Examples of Queries that Benefit from Runtime Filtering..................................................................619 Tuning and Troubleshooting Queries that Use Runtime Filtering.......................................................620 Limitations and Restrictions for Runtime Filtering.............................................................................620 | Contents | vii Using HDFS Caching with Impala (Impala 2.1 or higher only).....................................................................620 Overview of HDFS Caching for Impala..............................................................................................621 Setting Up HDFS Caching for Impala.................................................................................................621 Enabling HDFS Caching for Impala Tables and Partitions.................................................................621 Loading and Removing Data with HDFS Caching Enabled................................................................623 Administration for HDFS Caching with Impala..................................................................................624 Performance Considerations for HDFS Caching with Impala.............................................................624 Testing Impala Performance.............................................................................................................................626 Understanding Impala Query Performance - EXPLAIN Plans and Query Profiles.........................................627 Using the EXPLAIN Plan for Performance Tuning............................................................................627 Using the SUMMARY Report for Performance Tuning.....................................................................628 Using the Query Profile for Performance Tuning...............................................................................629 Detecting and Correcting HDFS Block Skew Conditions...............................................................................635 Scalability Considerations for Impala................................................................636 Impact of Many Tables or Partitions on Impala Catalog Performance and Memory Usage............................637 Scalability Considerations for the Impala Statestore.......................................................................................637 Controlling which Hosts are Coordinators and Executors...............................................................................638 SQL Operations that Spill to Disk...................................................................................................................639 Limits on Query Size and Complexity............................................................................................................642 Scalability Considerations for Impala I/O........................................................................................................643 Scalability Considerations for Table Layout....................................................................................................643 Kerberos-Related Network Overhead for Large Clusters................................................................................643 Kerberos-Related Memory Overhead for Large Clusters................................................................................644 Avoiding CPU Hotspots for HDFS Cached Data............................................................................................644 Partitioning for Impala Tables............................................................................645 When to Use Partitioned Tables......................................................................................................................645 SQL Statements for Partitioned Tables............................................................................................................645 Static and Dynamic Partitioning Clauses.........................................................................................................646 Refreshing a Single Partition............................................................................................................................646 Permissions for Partition Subdirectories..........................................................................................................647 Partition Pruning for Queries...........................................................................................................................647 Checking if Partition Pruning Happens for a Query............................................................................647 What SQL Constructs Work with Partition Pruning............................................................................648 Dynamic Partition Pruning...................................................................................................................649 Partition Key Columns.....................................................................................................................................650 Setting Different File Formats for Partitions...................................................................................................650 Managing Partitions..........................................................................................................................................651 Using Partitioning with Kudu Tables...............................................................................................................651 How Impala Works with Hadoop File Formats................................................652 Choosing the File Format for a Table.............................................................................................................653 Using Text Data Files with Impala Tables......................................................................................................653 Query Performance for Impala Text Tables........................................................................................654 Creating Text Tables............................................................................................................................655 Data Files for Text Tables...................................................................................................................655 Loading Data into Impala Text Tables................................................................................................657 Using LZO-Compressed Text Files.....................................................................................................658 Using gzip, bzip2, or Snappy-Compressed Text Files.........................................................................660 Using the Parquet File Format with Impala Tables.........................................................................................661 Creating Parquet Tables in Impala.......................................................................................................661 Loading Data into Parquet Tables........................................................................................................662 | Contents | viii Query Performance for Impala Parquet Tables....................................................................................664 Snappy and GZip Compression for Parquet Data Files.......................................................................665 Parquet Tables for Impala Complex Types.........................................................................................668 Exchanging Parquet Data Files with Other Hadoop Components.......................................................668 How Parquet Data Files Are Organized..............................................................................................671 Compacting Data Files for Parquet Tables..........................................................................................672 Schema Evolution for Parquet Tables..................................................................................................673 Data Type Considerations for Parquet Tables.....................................................................................674 Using the Avro File Format with Impala Tables.............................................................................................675 Creating Avro Tables............................................................................................................................675 Using a Hive-Created Avro Table in Impala.......................................................................................677 Specifying the Avro Schema through JSON.......................................................................................678 Loading Data into an Avro Table........................................................................................................678 Enabling Compression for Avro Tables...............................................................................................678 How Impala Handles Avro Schema Evolution....................................................................................678 Data Type Considerations for Avro Tables.........................................................................................680 Query Performance for Impala Avro Tables.......................................................................................680 Using the RCFile File Format with Impala Tables.........................................................................................680 Creating RCFile Tables and Loading Data..........................................................................................681 Enabling Compression for RCFile Tables...........................................................................................682 Query Performance for Impala RCFile Tables....................................................................................683 Using the SequenceFile File Format with Impala Tables................................................................................683 Creating SequenceFile Tables and Loading Data................................................................................683 Enabling Compression for SequenceFile Tables..................................................................................684 Query Performance for Impala SequenceFile Tables..........................................................................685 Using Impala to Query Kudu Tables.................................................................685 Benefits of Using Kudu Tables with Impala...................................................................................................686 Configuring Impala for Use with Kudu...........................................................................................................686 Cluster Topology for Kudu Tables......................................................................................................686 Impala DDL Enhancements for Kudu Tables (CREATE TABLE and ALTER TABLE)...............................686 Primary Key Columns for Kudu Tables..............................................................................................687 Kudu-Specific Column Attributes for CREATE TABLE....................................................................687 Partitioning for Kudu Tables................................................................................................................691 Handling Date, Time, or Timestamp Data with Kudu.........................................................................694 How Impala Handles Kudu Metadata..................................................................................................696 Loading Data into Kudu Tables.......................................................................................................................697 Impala DML Support for Kudu Tables (INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, UPSERT).......................................697 Consistency Considerations for Kudu Tables..................................................................................................698 Security Considerations for Kudu Tables........................................................................................................698 Impala Query Performance for Kudu Tables...................................................................................................699 Using Impala to Query HBase Tables................................................................699 Overview of Using HBase with Impala...........................................................................................................699 Configuring HBase for Use with Impala.........................................................................................................700 Supported Data Types for HBase Columns.....................................................................................................700 Performance Considerations for the Impala-HBase Integration......................................................................700 Use Cases for Querying HBase through Impala..............................................................................................706 Loading Data into an HBase Table..................................................................................................................706 Limitations and Restrictions of the Impala and HBase Integration.................................................................706 Examples of Querying HBase Tables from Impala.........................................................................................707 Using Impala with the Amazon S3 Filesystem..................................................709 | Contents | ix How Impala SQL Statements Work with S3...................................................................................................709 Specifying Impala Credentials to Access Data in S3......................................................................................710 Loading Data into S3 for Impala Queries........................................................................................................710 Using Impala DML Statements for S3 Data........................................................................................710 Manually Loading Data into Impala Tables on S3..............................................................................711 Creating Impala Databases, Tables, and Partitions for Data Stored on S3......................................................711 Internal and External Tables Located on S3....................................................................................................713 Running and Tuning Impala Queries for Data Stored on S3..........................................................................714 Understanding and Tuning Impala Query Performance for S3 Data...................................................715 Restrictions on Impala Support for S3.............................................................................................................716 Best Practices for Using Impala with S3.........................................................................................................716 Using Impala with the Azure Data Lake Store (ADLS)...................................716 Prerequisites......................................................................................................................................................717 How Impala SQL Statements Work with ADLS.............................................................................................717 Specifying Impala Credentials to Access Data in ADLS................................................................................718 Loading Data into ADLS for Impala Queries.................................................................................................718 Using Impala DML Statements for ADLS Data..................................................................................718 Manually Loading Data into Impala Tables on ADLS........................................................................718 Creating Impala Databases, Tables, and Partitions for Data Stored on ADLS................................................719 Internal and External Tables Located on ADLS..............................................................................................720 Running and Tuning Impala Queries for Data Stored on ADLS....................................................................722 Understanding and Tuning Impala Query Performance for ADLS Data.............................................723 Restrictions on Impala Support for ADLS......................................................................................................723 Best Practices for Using Impala with ADLS...................................................................................................724 Using Impala with Isilon Storage....................................................................... 724 Using Impala Logging..........................................................................................725 Locations and Names of Impala Log Files......................................................................................................725 Managing Impala Logs.....................................................................................................................................726 Rotating Impala Logs.......................................................................................................................................726 Reviewing Impala Logs....................................................................................................................................726 Understanding Impala Log Contents................................................................................................................727 Setting Logging Levels.....................................................................................................................................727 Redacting Sensitive Information from Impala Log Files................................................................................728 Troubleshooting Impala.......................................................................................728 Troubleshooting Impala SQL Syntax Issues....................................................................................................728 Troubleshooting I/O Capacity Problems..........................................................................................................728 Impala Troubleshooting Quick Reference........................................................................................................729 Impala Web User Interface for Debugging......................................................................................................731 Debug Web UI for impalad.................................................................................................................732 Breakpad Minidumps for Impala (Impala 2.6 or higher only)........................................................................733 Enabling or Disabling Minidump Generation......................................................................................734 Specifying the Location for Minidump Files.......................................................................................734 Controlling the Number of Minidump Files........................................................................................734 Detecting Crash Events........................................................................................................................734 Demonstration of Breakpad Feature.....................................................................................................734 Ports Used by Impala...........................................................................................736 | Contents | x Impala Reserved Words.......................................................................................737 List of Current Reserved Words......................................................................................................................738 Planning for Future Reserved Words...............................................................................................................741 Impala Frequently Asked Questions.................................................................. 743 Impala Release Notes........................................................................................... 743 Impala Release Notes.......................................................................................................................................743 New Features in Apache Impala (incubating).................................................................................................743 New Features in Impala 2.9.................................................................................................................743 New Features in Impala 2.8.................................................................................................................743 New Features in Impala 2.7.................................................................................................................746 New Features in Impala 2.6.................................................................................................................746 New Features in Impala 2.5.................................................................................................................748 New Features in Impala 2.4.................................................................................................................751 New Features in Impala 2.3.................................................................................................................751 New Features in Impala 2.8.................................................................................................................753 New Features in Impala 2.1.................................................................................................................755 New Features in Impala 2.0.................................................................................................................755 New Features in Impala 1.4.................................................................................................................757 New Features in Impala 1.3.2..............................................................................................................758 New Features in Impala 1.3.1..............................................................................................................759 New Features in Impala 1.3.................................................................................................................759 New Features in Impala 1.2.4..............................................................................................................760 New Features in Impala 1.2.3..............................................................................................................760 New Features in Impala 1.2.2..............................................................................................................760 New Features in Impala 1.2.1..............................................................................................................761 New Features in Impala 1.2.0 (Beta)...................................................................................................762 New Features in Impala 1.1.1..............................................................................................................764 New Features in Impala 1.1.................................................................................................................764 New Features in Impala 1.0.1..............................................................................................................765 New Features in Impala 1.0.................................................................................................................765 New Features in Version 0.7 of the Impala Beta Release...................................................................765 New Features in Version 0.6 of the Impala Beta Release...................................................................766 New Features in Version 0.5 of the Impala Beta Release...................................................................766 New Features in Version 0.4 of the Impala Beta Release...................................................................766 New Features in Version 0.3 of the Impala Beta Release...................................................................766 New Features in Version 0.2 of the Impala Beta Release...................................................................766 Incompatible Changes and Limitations in Apache Impala (incubating)..........................................................766 Incompatible Changes Introduced in Impala 2.9.x..............................................................................766 Incompatible Changes Introduced in Impala 2.8.x..............................................................................767 Incompatible Changes Introduced in Impala 2.7.x..............................................................................767 Incompatible Changes Introduced in Impala 2.6.x..............................................................................767 Incompatible Changes Introduced in Impala 2.5.x..............................................................................768 Incompatible Changes Introduced in Impala 2.4.x..............................................................................769 Incompatible Changes Introduced in Impala 2.3.x..............................................................................769 Incompatible Changes Introduced in Impala 2.2.x..............................................................................770 Incompatible Changes Introduced in Impala 2.1.x..............................................................................770 Incompatible Changes Introduced in Impala 2.0.5..............................................................................770 Incompatible Changes Introduced in Impala 2.0.4..............................................................................770 Incompatible Changes Introduced in Impala 2.0.3..............................................................................770 Incompatible Changes Introduced in Impala 2.0.2..............................................................................770

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SQL and Schema Considerations for Admission Control. SQL dialect might require some learning and practice for you to become proficient in the Follow the build procedure in the README.md file to produce new Impala binaries that people will need (everything else is somewhat advanced).

Apache Impala (incubating) PDF

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