APA CITATION

46 Pages·2011·1.76 MB·English

APA
CITATION :
the basics
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At the end of this tutorial you will :

• Understand the APA citation style

• Be able to cite sources used within body of text and compile a list
of references at the end of the paper

• Recognize the elements for different information formats
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WHY
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WHEN
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HOW
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To help you produce scholarly works
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To show your readers the source of your information
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To allow your readers to consult and verify your sources
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To give credit to the persons (including yourself) whose works which you used
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in writing your paper i.e. to avoid plagiarism and self plagiarism

To comply with one of the citation styles recommended by the University of
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Trinidad and Tobago

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Whenever you:
Quote - use someone‟s exact words
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Copy - use someone‟s figures, tables or structures
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Paraphrase - convert someone‟s ideas into your own words
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Summarize - use a brief account of someone‟s ideas
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Refer to a specific work e.g. book or video recording
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Citing utilizes elements from the source of the information:

Citation Elements
The elements of a citation are the basic pieces of information used to
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identify the source

The elements vary according to the type of resource used (for
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example, book, cds, dvds, journals, online resources)
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Some Basic Citation Elements

author article title URL (Universal
publication date journal title Resource
title volume Locator)
publisher issue number DOI (Digital
place of page numbers Object
publication Identifier)

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Capitalization
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Punctuation
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Spacing
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Indentation
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Font
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Order of citation elements
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In APA, sources are cited in two places:

In-text ( brief citation)
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In the list of References (detailed citation)
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In-text citation is citation within the body of the work. The
elements generally used are:

The author‟s last name
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The publication year
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Page number (s)
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