[Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Fiji, Tonga and Samoa and problems in formation of island faunas. 2. Tribe Dacetini.]

14 Pages·1993·0.48 MB·English

by  Dlussky, G. M.

300JI0rHHECKH# 2CYPHAJI
1993, tom72,BMn. 6
yjIK 595.796+591.9(9-012)
© 1993 r. T.M.AJiyCCKHH
MYPABBH (HYMENOPTERA, FORMICIDAE) OH/JXH, TOHTA
H CAMOA H nPOEJIEMA «&OPMHPOBAHH» OCTPOBHMX <£AYH
TPHBADACETINI
2.
B H3yieHHOM peraoHe BMHBJieHO 13 npejjcTaBHTeJieft TpH6u Dacetini,
othoc«hhxc« k leTBipeM ponaM. IIpHBeneHi.i TaSjnma hjiji onpenejieHH« sthx
bhrob h jjaimbie 06 hx pacnpocrrpaHeHHH h po«cTBeHHUx cbh3«x. OrmcaHW jpa
hobwx BH^a: Strumigenys chernovi sp. n. c o-Ba BH-ra-JIeBy (<&hhjkh) h Str.
zakharovi sp. n. c o-Ba3ya (ToHra), a TaioKeBnepBtie oimcaHacaMKaStr. mailei
Wilson etTaylor. AnaJiH3 (J»ayHoreHeTHHecKHX CBSoeft noKa3MBaeT, hto (payHa
RaijeTHH 4>h«xh cpopMHpoBajiacb Ha 6a3e HOBoraHHeftcKoft (payHM. 4>ayHM
ToHra h CaMoa npencTaBJienti rjiaBHtiM o6pa30M mrrpoHymipoBaHHiiMH
BHflaMH h 4>opMHpoBanHCb He3aBHCHM0 npyr ot npyra.
TpnSa Dacetini noflceMeficTBa Myrmicinae BKJiioHaeT okojio 300 bhjjob, othocx-
mnxca: k 27 po^aM hpacnpocrpaHeHHbixHa Bcex KOHTHHeirrax, npeHMymecTBeHHO b
TponHHecKOMnoace. BeeohhHMeiOTCBoeo6pa3Htiflo6jihk,CBH3aHHtmc Heo6bnna>iM
cnei;HaJiH3HpoBaHHMMcnocoSoMoxotbi. ToJiOBaflaueTHHHMeeTcepjmeBHjjHyiocpop-
My h noHTH uejiHKOM 3anojiHeHa Mom,m>iMHMaHflH6yjiHpm,iMHMbiniuaMH, a MaHflH-
6yjibi y MHornx bh^ob JiHHeHHbie h BOopyaceHM jranib HecicojibKHMH 3y6aaMH Ha
BepniHHe. MypaBbHnoflicpaflbiBaioTcak HoSbiHe,MrHOBeHHO cxBaTbrnaioT ee cbohmh
MaHflH6yjiaMH-KanKaHaMH, a 3aTeMyMepmarwiOT xajioM. BojibniHHCTBO npeflcraBH-
Tejieii TpnSbi hmciot oieHb MejiKHe pa3Mepw (1-3 mm) h oxothtch b noj(CTHJiKe,
rjiaBHbiM o6pa30M Ha HoroxBOCTOK H3 ceMeflcTBa Entomobryidae, Isotomidae h
Sminthuridae (Wilson, 1953). Yemen flaueTHH penynnpoBaHbi flo ieTbipex-ceMH
HJieHHKOB h npaiyrca b cneuHajibHbie 6opo3flKHHa 6oKax tojiobm. npH onacHOCTH
MypaBbH3aMHpaioT,nojpKHMaahofhhnpjraaycHKHb6opo3flKH,hbTaicoMcoctohhhh
HX nOHTH HCB03M0JKH0 OTJIHHHTb OT Cy6cTpaTa. XapaKTepHaX OCOSeHHOCTb MHorax
mcjikhx flaueTHH - cneiniaflH3HpoBaHHBie bojiockh Ha rojioBe h ipyflH (lemyHKO-
BHHHbie,floaKKOBHHHbie,H3BHJiHCTbie) h"ryfiqaTBienjiacrHHiaa",o6pa30BaHHbiecjihb-
iiihmhcsiynjionjeHHbiMHBOJiocKaMH, HaHJieHincaxcreSejibKahnponofleyMa. <J>yHKU,H5i
3THXCTpyKTyp HeH3BeCTHa.
BHOJIOriW H3yHeHHbIX BHflOB BeCbMa npHMHTHBHa. CaMKH OCHOBblBaiOT HOBbie
ceMbHcaMocroHTejibHO hnoKH^aioT rHe3flo fljuioxotmro BbiBefleHiw nepBbixpa6o-
*mx. CeMbHcoctoxtH3 15-100paSoHHXh, Kax npaBHJio, oflHoft HHueKJiaflymeH caM-
kh. CaMaa KpyiraaH ceMbH 3aperHCTpnpoBaHa y Strumigenys louisianae (Wilson,
1953). OHa cocToajia H3 orhoh caMKH, 181 pa6oHHX h 119 jihhhhok. B HaftfleHHtix
HaMHrae3HaxHHCJieHHOCTbHenpeBbiraajia50B3pocjiwxocoCeH.
C totkh 3peHH« ocTpoBHofi 6HoreorpacpHH Dacetini HHTepecHbi TeM, hto oieHb
52
njioxo pacceJisiOTCH c ocTpOBa Ha ocrpoB, nocKOJitKy o6HTaK)T b JiecHoii nofl-
CTHJIKe, npHieM SOJIBIHHHCTBO BHflOB CBX3aHBI C KOpCHHBIMH jiecaMH BHyTpH Ma-
TepHKa HJIH KpyilHMX OCTpOBOB. JIlIIIIB HeMHOTHe BHJJBI, KOTOpBie MOryT 2KHTB B
arpoueH03ax (Trichoscapa membranifera, Strumigenys godeffroyi, Str. rogeri, Quad-
ristruma emmae), ninpoKopacnpocTpaHHJiHCBno Bcei!TpomraecKofi 30He,ho 3thbh-
jjbi nepecejiaioTca tojibko hcjiobckom (c iioiboh npn nepeB03Ke caxeHueB)
h caMOCTO«TejiBHoe hx paccejieHHe 3aTpyflHeHO jjaace b npeflejiax ojjhoto apxH-
nejiara.
MaTepnajioMjjjw jjaHHofi pa6oTw nocjiyacanH c6opti H3.H. HepHOBa, c/jejiaHHBie
hm b 1976-1977 rr. bo BpeMH IV pefica HHC "KajuiHcro", h cSopti aBTopa, A.A.
HHC
3axapoBa h C.H. rojioBaia, cjjejiaHHBie b 1980 r. bo BpeMX XII pefica "Kaji-
jihcto". JJoHanmx cSopoB Dacetini He 6bijihH3BecTHBi c apxnnejiara ToHra, TaKhto
Bee yKa3aHH« Ha HaxoxfleHM MypaBBeB Ha ToHra, a Taicxe Ha o-Be AnojiHMa
(3anaflHoe CaMoa) npHBOflHTCH BnepBtie. KojuieKHHOHHBie MaTepnajiBi, BKJiioiaH
THnoBbie3K3eMiuwpBi,xpaiorrcabSoojiormecKOMMy3eeMry.
IIpHoiuicaHHHbhjjobHcnoJii>30BaHi>icJiejryiomHenpoMepBihHHjjeKCBi: TL-fljiHHa
rpyflH ot tomkh npHHJieHeHHH tojiobbi no tohkh npiraieHeHHJi neTHOJiwca (H3Mepa-
eTca b npotpHJit),ScL- HJiHHa acyxyMa (H3MepaeTca cBepxy); ScW- nmpHHa cxyTy-
Ma;HL-jjjiHHatojiobbiotnepe«HeroKpaammneycahoycjioBHOHjihhhh,cocjihhsho-
men3aTBiJioiHBieyniBi(H3Mep«eTCHCBepxy);HW -MaKCHMajiBHaaumpima rojioBBi;
ML - HJiHHa MaH«H6yjiBi; SL - flJiHHa CKanyca; HI = HL/HW; SI = SL/HW; MI =
= HL/ML; Scl = ScL/ScW.
TafijiHua jjjih onpe/jejieniuibhjjob
1 (4) MaHflaSyjiBi xopoie KJianeyca, 6ojiee hjih MeHee TpeyrojiBHBie, c mhoto-
HHCjieHHBiMH MejiKHMH 3y6nmcaMH Ha xeBaTejiBHOM Kpae. ToJiOBa co cjiaSo
BBieMHaTBIM3aTBMOTHBIMKpaeM. AHTeHHBI6-*UieHHKOBBie(pHC. 1,6, e).
2 (3) Ha BepXHeft cropoHe tojiobbi 1 napa lenr/HKOBHflHBix bojiockob. FlepeHHe-
cnHHKac6okobbimhkhjihmh(pHC 1,a,6). EypoBaTO-xceJiTBiH, 1,5mm.
2. Trihoscapa membranifera (Em.)
3 (2) BepXHHHCTOpOHaTOJIOBBICMHOTOHHCJieHHBIMHHemyftKOBHHHBIMHBOJIOCKaMH.
UepeflHecnHHKa paBHOMepHO BBiiryKJiaa, 6e3 6okobbix KHJieft (pHC. 1, d, e).
Kopff^HeBBlft,2MM.
1. Smithistruma dubia Brown
4 (1) MaHflHSyjIBI y3KHe, JIHHeHHBie C ejJHHHHHBIMH KpynHBIMH H30JIHpOBaHHBIMH
3y6uaMH; KaK npaBHJio, Kopone KJinneyca. TojioBa oSbiiho c rjiy6oKO
BBipe3aHHBIM3aTBIJIOTHBIMKpaeM(pHC 1,2,3, K,M\ 2).
5 (6) AHTeHHBI 4-iJieHHHKOBBie. Bepx tojiobbi c mhotohhcjichhbimh HemyHKO-
BHtfHBIMH BOJIOCKaMH. MaHflH6yjIBI CpaBHHTeJIBHO KOpOTKHe {MI > 2,5),
HCKpHBJieHHBie,c 1 npejjBepniHHHBiM 3y6upM (pnc. 1, e, z). BypoBaTo-iKeJiTBiH,
1,3-1,6 MM.
13. Quadristrumaemmae (Em.)
6 (5) AHTeHHBI6-HJieHHHKOBBie.
7 (8) MaHHH6yjiBi c 2 npeanaKajiBHBiMH 3y6u,aMH h anHKaJiBHOH bhjikoh. Ha
BepxHeii cTopoHe tojiobbi rpyflH, cre6ejiBKa h SpwniKa h Ha waxs.dk cropoHe
CKanycaHMeiOTCHJIO>KKOBimHBieBOJIOCKH. IpyflBCHeOOJIBHIHM,HOHBCTBeHHBIM
Me3onponofleajiBHBiM BflaBJicHHCM. ITponofleyM 6e3 rySiaTBix nJiacTHHOK noj(
uranaMH(pnc. 1, u, k). BypoBaTO-xeJiTBrii, 2-2,5mm.
53
Phc. 1. Tejio b npocpmib h rojioBa cBepxy paobiHX oco6efl Dacetini (opHr.): a, 6 - Trichoscapa
membpanifera (Em.)(o-BAnojiHMa,CaMoa);e,z-Quadristrumaemmae(Em.)(o-BAnoJiHMa,CaMoa);d,
e-SmithistrumadubiaBrown(o-b3ya,ToHra);xc,3-StrumigenysgodeffroyiMaye (o-bHyanany,ToHra);
u,k-S.rogeriEm.(o-bKao,Tom-a);a,m-S.szalayiEm. (o-Bynojiy,CaMoa)
12. Strumigenys rogeriEm.
8 (7) MaHflHSyjiti c 1 npeanHKajitHtiM 3y6upM h anHKajitHoft bhjikoh. JIoxko-
BHflHBie bojiockhHaTejie o-rcyTCTByiOT (pnc. 1,x,3,a,m; 2).
9 (12) npeamncaJifcHMe 3y6m,i MaHflH6yji KopoTKne: npn coMKHyrtix MaHflHSyjiax
BepraHHM 3thx 3y6apB He jjoxoflHT npyr «o flpyra. BflaBJieime no« ivia3aMH
oTcyTCTByeT (pnc. 2, e, z). Tejio KpacHOBaTO-KopHiHeBoe, rpy6o CKyjitnTH-
pOBaHHOe,CMHOrOHHCJieHHBIMHOTCTOSmHMHBOJIOCKaMH. 2,7-3 MM. $HpH.
54
Phc.2.TenobnpcxpmibaronoBaCBepxyypaooHHXoco6eftStrumigenys(opHr.):a,6-S.chernoviDlussky
sp,n.(ronoTHn); e,z-S.wheeleriMann(oicpecTHocTHCjtbu,$haxh);d,e-S.zakharoviDlusskysp.n.
(rojio-noi);xc,3-S.maileiWilsonetTaylor(o-bYnojiy,Caxioa)
8.Strumigenys wheeleriMann
10 (9) npeanHKajibHwe 3y6ni>i u&Hjm6yn HJiHHHtie: npH coMKHyTtix MaH^HSyjiax
BepniHHBi 3THX3y6u,oB 3axo«HTapyr3aflpyra (pnc. 1, 3,m; 2,6, e, 3).
Dum
11 (14) chjibho BtinyKJitie; nofl rjia30M HMeeTca HBCTBeHHoe B^aBJieHHe, xo-
pomo 3aMeTHoe cBepxy. Me3onponoflea;ii>Hoe BflaBJieime xoponio BtipaxeHO.
rydnaTBienJiacTHHKHnoRnranaMHnponofleyMahHa neTHOJiioceoTcyTCTByioT.
QcanyctohkhShj^Jimaa>xA:SI> 1 (pac. 1,a,m). CpaBHHTeji&HoKpyimtiebhhbi:
fljraHaTejia 3-5 mm.
12(13)TenooflHonBeTHoe,TeMHO-KopH»nieBoe. SHfleMHK4>hjpkh.
10.StrumigenysnidifexMann
13 (12) TojioBa, rpyfffc h cTeSejieK KpaatoBaTO-jKeJiTBie, SpioniKO tcmho-kophh-
HeBoe.
11. Strumigenys szalayiEm.
14(11) Tjia3aHefkwitniHe (oSbihho MeHee 15 <paceTOK), njiocKHe. HBCTBeHHoeBflaB-
jieHHenonTJia3aMHOTcyrcTByeT.
15 (16) TpyRtbnpo<pHJibcothctjihbbimMe3onpononeajiBHBiMBjjaBJieHHeM. ITpono-
55
jjeyMc ocrptiMHtohkhmhnranHKaMH, 6e3 rySiaTtixiuiacrHHOK. EoKa tojiobbi
iiohth npaMtie. 5/ = 0,85-0,9, MI = 2,35 (pac. 2,xc, 3). KpacHOBaTo-
KopH*meBBiH,2,7 mm. <I>hjpkh,CaMoa.
6. StrumigenysmaileiWilson etTaylor
16 (15) Me3onponojiea;ibHoe BjjaBJieHHe oTcyTCTByeT hjih ejjBa BbipaxceHO. SI=
= 0,7-0,85 (pHC. 1,M, 3; 2, a, 6, d, e).
17 (20) ManflH6yjibi jjJiHHHBie, hx jjJiHHa npH6jiH3HTejiBHo paBHa nojioBHHe ijjihhbi
tojiobbi (MI = 1,8-2,2). TydHaTbie njiacTHHKH noji niHiiaMH nponofleyMa
HMeioTCH (pHC. 1, 3K, 3; 2,a, 6, d, e).
18 (19) IIpoMe30MOTyMcohchbrycxiiMkopotkhmonymeHHeMH330jiothctbixnojry-
OTCT05HHHX BOJIOCKOB, o6pa3yK)IH.HX KaK 6bl BOHJIOK, H HeCKOJIBKHMH 3HaHH-
tcjibho 6ojiee rjihhhbimh h3Bhjihctbimh BOJiocKaMH. Tjia3a Sojiee ieM H3 10
cpaceTOK. ry6iaTMe iuiacTHHKHHa npono«eyMe Kpyimbie, nmpiraa hx 6ojibme
fljiHHbi 3y6upB npono^eyMa. fljiHHa y3ejiKa neTHOJiioca MeHbnie jjjihhm ero
HHJIHHJjpHieCKOH HaCTH(pHC. 1,3K,3). XejITOBaTO-KOpBTDieBblH,2,2-2,5MM.
4. Strumigenys godeffroyiMayr
19 (18) ITpoMe30MOTyM c o6liihmm, xoth h hobojibho rycrbiM onynieHHeM H3
30jiothctbix nojiyoTCTOflmnx bojiockob h 1-2 napaMH 3HaHHTejibHO Sojiee
jjjihhhmx cjierica h3bhjihctbix bojiockob. Tjia3a Menee ieM H3 10 (paceTOK.
ryS^aTbie iuiacTHHKH Ha nponoijeyMe He6ojiBnrae, nrapHHa hx MeHbme /jjih-
Hbi 3y6upB nponoijeyMa. IleTHOJiioc c MaccHBHbiM y3e;iKOM, flJiHHa KOTopo-
rodojibniejjjihhbieroinuiHHjjpHiecKOHiacra(pac. 2,a, 6). KopHHHeBbifi, 1,85-
2,05 MM. 3>HJPKH.
3. Strumigenys chernovi sp. n.
20(17) fljiHHa MaHflnSyji hbctbchho Kopo^e nojioBHHbi hjihhm tojiobm (MI > 2,6)
(pac. 2,e).
21 (22) 3aTbiJioHHbiH Kpafi rojioBbi cjia6o BbieMiaTbril. EoKa tojiobm Hajj rjia3aMH
npaMbie. Bypbril, 1,75mm. <J>hjpkh.
7.StrumigenysscelestusMann
22 (21) 3aTbiJiOHHbiH Kpafi tojiobh CHJibHo BorHyTbift. EoKa rojioBbi Hajj rjia3aMH
KBCTBeHHOBbinyKJibie.
23 (24) ITponofleyMchjihhhmmhhtohkhmhHramoeaMHhcrySiaTbiMHnjiacTHmcaMH
nOflHHMH. KpaCHOBaTO-KOpHHHeBblft, 1,5-2MM. <$Hfl3KH.
5. StrumigenysjepsoniMann
24 (23) IIponofleyM c kopotkhmh3y6*raKaMH, HanpaBJieHHbiMH Ha3afl, 6e3 ry6iaTbix
njiacTHHOK(pHC. 2,d). vKejrroBaTO-KopHHHeBBiH,2,5 mm.ToHra.
9. Strumigenys zakharovi sp. n.
PoflSmithistrumaBrown
1. Smithistruma dubia Brown, 1953
(pnc. 1, d, e)
PacnpocTpaHeHHe. KapojiHHCKHe o-Ba (Ilajiay, TpyK, IIoHane), HoBax
rBHHeH,o-BaCaHTa-Kpyc, Cojiomohobbio-Ba,CaMoa (Ynojiy),ToHra(3ya).
3aMeiaHH«. Bhji,jjobojibhonrapoKOpacnpocTpaHemiBiHHaocrpoBaxTnxoro
56
OKeaHa, CKopee Bcero, HMeeT HOBbrBZHeHCKoe npoucxoxfleHHe. Ha <X>hjpkh ohnoKa
He oSHapyaceH, ho HaxojKflemie BectMa Bepojmto (Wilson, Taylor, 1967). KaK Ha
Ynojiy, Tax h Ha 3ya oh 6mji oSHapysKeH b noflCTHJiice nepBHHHtix JiecoB b Hempe
OCTpOBOB.
PorTrichoscapaEmery
2. Trichoscapamembranifera (Emery, 1869)
(pnc. 1, a, 6)
=Strumigenys(Cephaloxys)vitiensisMann, 1921.
ITo jih as CHHOHHMHKa: Bolton, 1983.
PacnpocTpaHeHHe.
HTajiaa (Heanojib), EraneT, TyHac, Cneppa JleoHe,
iorCIIIA,BnprHHCKHeo-Ba (Cem-ToMac),loxHtifi KirraH,flnoiaw,TaBaHCKHeo-Ba,
4>HflXH (BaHyn-JIeBy, B«TH-JIeBy,Jlay), o-Ba Yojijihc (HyicyHOHe), ToHra (3ya), Ca-
Moa(Ynojiy,AnojiHMa).
3aMeiaHHH.
T. membranifera - THiraiHUH aHTponoxopHtiH bhji, niepoKO
paccejiHBiHHHCH b TponniecKOM h cySTponHiecKOM noacax. IIo mhchhio BpayHa
(Brown, 1954), oh HMeeT acppoTponiraecKoe npoHcxoxjreHHe, ho noxa H3 AtppHKH
wxHee Caxapti H3bcctho tojibko oflHo MecroHaxojKfleHHe (Cneppa JleoHe; Njala),
TaxhtoHeHCKJiioieHoheroceBepoacppHKaHCKoenpoHcxoHmemie.
Poh Strumigenys F. Smith
Ipynnagodeffroyi
fl h a rho 3. MaHflH6yjiw c o«hhm npeanHKajiBHWM 3y6u.oM, HanpaBJieHHMM
nepneH«HKyjwpHO MaHflHSyjie,h amncajiBHOH bhjikoh. TjiyobKoeBflaBaeHHenoflrjia-
3aMH OTcyTcrayeT. Me3onpono«eajiBHoe BflaBJiemie cjia6o BbipaxeHO em OTcyTcr-
ByeT. JIoxKOBHflHtie hjih lemyHKOBHflHfcie bojiockh Ha Tejie OTcyTCTByioT. OSbihho
HMeKyrc*flJiHHHbieH3BHJiHCTbiebojiockhHarpyflHh/hjihtojiobc rySnaTtieCTpyKTy-
ptiHMeioTcaHane-raojiioce,nocTneTHOJiioceh(oSbitho)HenponofleyMe.
Co c t a b. Ipynna BKjnonaeT 6o:iee 10 bh«ob, pacnpocTpaHeHHtix b Hhho-
ABcrpajiHHCKOMperaoHe,ot JlnoHHH«oABCTpajiHH. IUhdokopacnpocrpaHeHtiTpo-
nHHecKHH S. godeffroyi (cm. HHxce) h cMeiwiomHH ero b cyGcTponniecKOM noace
S. lewisi Cameron (ot IOjkhbix Kyparc jio TaBaHCKHx o-bob). OcrajiBHMe npejrcTaBH-
TejiHrpynnBihmciotaobojibhoorpaHHraeHHtieapeajrti.
3. Strumigenys chernovi Dlussky sp. n.
(pnc. 2, a, 6; 3,a, 6)
MaTepnaji.
Hlecr* pa6oiHX (rojioran h naparanti) h caMKa (niHeTHn) H3
oBHoro rae3Ha. <I>hjpkh, o-b BnTH-JIeBy, OKpecrHocTH CyBti, II 1977 r. K>.H. Hep-
hob. XpaHHTCJtb3oojioriniecKOMMy3eeMTV.
OnacaHHe.
P a 6 o h hfi. PasMepbi, mm (b cKoSicax - tojiothh): TL =
= 0,52-0,56 (0,54); HL = 0,50-0,54 (0,53); HW= 0,36-0,40 (0,37); ML = 0,23-0 29
(0,26); SL = 0,27-0,30 (0,29). HH«eiccBi: HI = 1,32-1,42 (1,42); MI = l'84-218
(2,05); 5/=0,74-0,77 (0,77).
TejioKopHHHeBoe;fljiHHa 1,85-2,05.
Tojiobh cepnqeBHflHaH c HBCTBeHHoft BbieMKOH Ha 33TBIJIOHHOM Kpae, rjry6HHa
KOTopofi cocraBJiaeT okojio 10%HL. 3aTBiJioiHBie yrjiwcyareHM. BoxatojiobwHa
raasaMHothctjihbo BtmyKJibie. TjiasapeffyrrHpoBam,i «o HecKOJibKHx (y rojiorana-fl
BoceMb) 4>aceTOK, y reMHtrx ocoSeft ohh He otjihhhmmot6yropiaTMxcTpyicryp
57
Phc. 3. TenobnpcxpHJibm roJioBaCBepxycaMOKStrumigenys:a,6-S.chernoviDlussky sp.n. (rHHeTHn);
8-z-S.malleiWilsonetTaylor(rHHeTHn)
ycHKOBoft BnaflHHM,TaK *rro co3flaeTca BneiaTJieHHe oTcyTCTBiw rjia3. CKanyc ciia6o
H3orHyT, yTOJimeHk BepniHHe; ero fljiima 3aMeTHOMeHbmeihhphhmroJioBbi.JJjiHHa
BepiiiHHHoro (6-ro) HJieHHKaycHKa oojibiuecyMMapHoftflJiHHbi2-5-xhjichhkob. MaH-
flaSyjibi cjiaSo H3orHyTM, jiHHeftHbie. IlpH coMKHyTbix MaHflH6yjiax npeamiKajibHbie
3y6uw npaBoiihjieBoft MaHflnSyji 3axofl»Tflpyr3a flpyra.fljuma MaHflnSyji npnSjiH-
3HTejibHo paBHa nojioBHHe flJiHHbi roJioBbi. Cnmia b npcxpHJib npHMaa, 6e3 hbhoto
Me30-nponofleajibHoro BflaBJieHHH. ITponofleyMckopotkhmhocrpbiMHuiHnHKaMH,Ha-
npaBJieHHMMH KOCO BBepX. rieTHOJIK)CCMaCCHBHMMy3eJIKOM,flJIHHa KOTOporo 6ojib-
mefljmHbiHHJiHHflpHHecKoflHacTH. fljiHHanocrneTHOJirocaMeHbniemnpHHU.
TojioBa,npoMe30HOTyM h BepxneTHOJiioca bniarpeHeBOH(SyropiaToft)CKyjibirry-
pe; Bepx nocTneTHOJiioca h ocHOBamie 6pioniKa c npofloJibHbiMH MopmnincaMH, oc-
TaJibHoe SpiouiKO, nponofleyM h Me3onjieBpbi rjiaijKHe h 6jiecTHmHe. Ha Bepxneft
noBepxHOCTHroJioBbi, npoHOTyMe,Me30HOTyMe,neTHOJiiocehnocTneTHOJiioceHMeeT-
ca nooflHoft-flBe napwfljimmbix,npHocTpeHHbix, cjienca H3BHJiHCTbixbojiockob. Bepx
roJioBbi, npoHOTyMa, neTHOJiioca h nocTneTHOJiioca, a TaKJKe CKanyccMHoro^HCJieH-
HblMH KOpOTKHMH nOJiyOTCTOJUUHMH BOJIOCKaMH. JIOJKKOBHflHbie, 6yjiaBOBHflHbie H
HeuiyHKOBHflHbie bojiockh oTcyTCTByioT. ry6naTbie crpyKTypbi HMeiOTca Ha npono-
fleyMe (nofl iunnHKaMH), CHH3y h Ha 3ajjHHX yrjiax neTHOJiioca h CHH3y h Ha 6oKax
nocraeTHOJiioca.
C a m k a (rHHeTHn). Pa3Mepbi, mm: TL = 0,61; ScL = 0,31; ScW = 0,26; HL =
= 0,53; HW = 0,411; ML = 0,23; SL = 0,28. Hhackcm: HI = 1,28; 5c/ = 1,22; MI =
= 2,31; S/= = 0,69.
TeMHO-KopHHHeBaa; flJIHHaTejia 2,1.
riponopuHH h xeTOTaKCHa roJioBbi KaK y pa6oHHX, ho hmciotch KpynHbie rjia3a h
npocruer;ia3KH. CKyTyMnjiocKirii,TaKhtobnpcxpHJibcKyryMhnpoHOTyMo6pa3yioT
paBHOMepHo BbinyKJiyrojihhhk>. 3aflHHHKpaftcKyryMacjiaooBbinyKJibrii. CKyTejuiioM
HaBHcaeT Hafl nponojieyMOM. FtponofleyM c tohkhmh mnnHKaMH, HanpaBJieHHbiMH
Ha3ajj; nofl hhmh HMeioTCH ry6naTbie njiacTHHKH. fljiHHa ochobhoh noBepxHOCTHnpo-
nofleyMa (Hafl ninnaMH) hbctbchho Menbiue noKaToii (nofl uiHnaMH). Bepx rpyflH c
eflHHHMHblMH CpaBHHTeJIbHO flJIHHHblMH npOCTMMH BOJIOCKaMH H MHOFOHHCJieHHblMH
OHeHbKOpOTKHMHOTCTOHmHMHH nOJiyOTCTOHIUHMHBOJIOCKaMH. CKyTyM, CKyTeJIJIKJM
hnpoHOTyM rpy6oHiarpeHeBbie, Me3onjieBpbi h5oKa nponofleyMarjiaflKHe h 6jiecTa-
mae. CTe6ejieKh 6piouiKOKaKy paooHHX.
58
Cameu, HeH3BecreH.
CpaBHeHHe. Bhr 6jih30k k 5. godeffroyiMayr. Otjihhhh sthx bhrob nam>i b
onpe^ejiHTejitHofiTaSjraue.
5.StrumigenysgodeffroyiMayr, 1866
(pHC. l,3K,3)
Chhohhmhx: Wilson,Taylor, 1967.
PacnpocTpaHeHHe.
IHpa-JIaHKa, 3onflcKHe o-Ba (CyMaTpa, KajiHMaH-
TaH), raBaftcKHeo-Ba, MapnaHCKHe o-Ba (ryaM), 4>nnKnnHHBi, BaHyaTy, Cojiomoho-
bbi o-Ba, HoBaa TsaHex, 4>hjpkh (BeHya-JIesy, BnTH-JIeBy, TaBHHyn, Ka^aBa, Hay),
4>yryHa, o-Ba Yojuihc (YBea, HyicyHtpajia), ToHra (ToHraTany, OHeBan, IlaHraHMo-
Ty, 3ya, Hyanany), CaMoa (CaBafin, Ynojiy, TyTyana, AnojiHMa), o-Ba OSmecrBa
(Tam-H),K)»an.ieo-Ba,ceBepHaxABcrpajiHa.
3aueiaHiiL CiHTaeTca (Wilson, Taylor, 1967 h up.), hto b (J)ayHe OiceaHHH
S. godeffroyi aBJiaeTca npeflcraBHTejieM npeBHero ocrpoBHoro iryjia h hto oh Sbiji
npe^KOM SHReMH'fflBix bhjjob rpymiBi godeffroyi. IIpH stom o6bihho cctmaioTcs Ha
CXOflCTBO HeKOTOpblX3HflOMHHHBIXMypaBBeB HOBOH rBHHeH, <E>KJPKHHABCTpaJIHHC
3thm mapoKO pacnpocTpaHeHHBiM BHflOM. 3Ta TOHKa 3peHHH npeflcraBJiaeTCji HaM
comhhtcjibhoh. Bo-nepBBixS. godeffroyioQjiaflaeTpaROManoMopcpHBixnpH3HaKOB(b
lacTHOCTH, oneHt cnenHcpHiecKaa xeTOTaKcna npoMe30HOTyMa), He no3BOjraK>mHM
paccMaTpHBaTb ero b KaiecTBe npaMoro npeflKa flpyrnx bhrob rpynnti. Bo-BToptix,
pacnpocrpaHeHHe ero Ha apxanejiare ToHra HecoMHeHHo yKa3BiBaeT, hto 3js,ech oh
HBJixeTca HenaBHHM BcejieHneM npnieM BcejieHHe nuio, CKopee Bcero, c KOMMep-
HecKHMH rpy3aMH. Oh oSbihch Ha octpobhbix rpynnax ToHraTany h BaBay, ho
OTcyTCTByeT Ha ocrpoBax rpynnti Xaanan, pacnojioxeHHBix Mexcfly hhmh, b Tom
HHOieTaKHXcpaBHHTejibHOxpymiBixhcjiaSo3aTpoHyTBixaHTponoreHHtiMbjiiwhucm
ocrpoBax, i:aK Kao h Toepya, rfle o6HapyxeH tojibko oflHH bhh Strumigenys -
a<ppoTponH^ecKHH S. rogeri. 06t>hchhti> OTcyTCTBHe 5. godeffroyib rpynne Xaanan
TeM, wro oh 6biji BtiTecHeH S. rogeri, TaKxee HejiB3a: 3th bh^bi BcrpeiaioTca
coBMecTHO KaK Ha iuiaHTainwx mcjikhx ocrpoBOB IlaHraHMOTy h AnojiHMa, Tax h b
KopeHHtixjiecaxBHyrpHocrpoBOB 3yahYnojiy. IIo Bceftbh^hmocth,S. godeffroyih
rtjiH3KHe k HeMy bhrbi OiceaHHH h ABCTpaJIHH HMejiH oSmero npeflica, BXOHHBmero
Koma-TObflpeBHHH ocTpoBHoiinyji.
6. Strumigenysjepsoni Mann, 1921
PacnpocTpaHeHHe.
flocTOBepHO H3BecreH tojibko kj THnoBoro MecTO-
o6HTaHHSi (Suene, o-b BaHyH-JIeBy, 3>hij2Kh). Ha o-Be <I>yTyHa HaftjjeH HeoimcaHHtift
bhh,6jih3khhkS.jepsonihjihHfleHTHiHUH eMy (Wilson,Hunt, 1967).
3aMeiaHH«. Bjih3okk5. godeffroyi, ot KOToporo OTJimaeTcx CKyjiBmypoH,
nponopirnsiMH tojiobbi h 3HaHHTejiLHo 6ojiee kodotkhmh MaHflnSyjiaMH. rydnaTBie
crpyKTypBiHanponojjeyMepa3BHTBiropa3flocjiaSee,ieMyS. godeffroyi.
7.StrumigenysmaileiWilsonetTaylor, 1967
(pnc. 2,jr, 3; 3, e, z)
MaTepHaji. PadoHnft hcaMKa (rHHeran) H3 oijHoro rHe3jia. 3ana#Hoe CaMoa,
o-b Ynojiy, Lanoto'o, nepBniHBiH anHtpnTHBifi Jiec, b snHtpHre, JM° 248, 2. VIII 1980,
T.flJiyccxHH.XpaHHToib3ooj[orB7iecKOMMy3eeMrY.
OnncaHHe. Pa6oiE«. Pa3MepBi, mm: TL = 0,83; HL = 0,73; HW = 0,50;
ML = 0,31; SL = 0,44. HHfleKCBi: HI= 1,46; MI= 2,35; SI= 0,88.
CaMKa
(rHHeTHn, onacBiBaeTcx BHepBBie). Pa3MepBi, mm: TL = 0,90; ScL =
59
= 0,41; ScW = 0,37; HL = 0,76; HW = 0,51; ML = 0,30; SL = 0,43. HiweKCBi :HI =
= 1,47; Scl= 0,83; MI= 2,52; 5/= 0,83.
CBeTJio-KOpHTHeBaa,HJiHHa.Tejia 3.
/
ITponopuHH hxeTOTaKcna rojioBti KaKy pa6o*mx, ho HMeiOTck Kpyiraue rna3a h
npocrbierjia3KH. CKyTyMcnepejjHBBinyKJiBiH,TaKhtobrqxxpajrBMexjryacyTyMOMh
npOHOTyMOM BHflHO SBCTBeHHOe B«aBneHHC 3ajIHHH KOaft CKyTyMa »3CTBeHHO
BBipe3aH. CKyTejiJHOM ne HaBacaeT Hafl; npono«eyMOM, Tax hto b npocpHJiB 3aflHHH
Kpaii CKyTyMa HaxojiHTCH Ha tom xe ypoBHe, hto h ocHOBHaa noBepxHOCTB
nponofleyMa. IIponofleyMcKpyimBiMHTpeyixwiBHBiMH3y6naMH,HanpaBJieHHBiMHkoco
BBepx; rySnaTtie nJiacTHHKHnoffhhmh oTcyrcTByioT. fljiaHa ochobhoh noBepxHOCTH
nponoseyMa (Hafl nranaMH) npH6jiH3HTejiBHO paBHa noKaToft (nofl nranaMH). Bepx
rpyflH TOJIBKO C ejmHHHHBIMH CpaBHHTeJIBHO HJIHHHBIMH npOCTBIMH OTCTOHIUHMH
BOJiocKaMH. CxyTyM h CKyTejuiiOM sbctbchho niarpeHeBBie, nponofleyM co cnaSo
BbipaxceHHUMH nonepeHHtiMHMopmrnncaMH, anHMepti h 6oKa npononeyMa co crjia-
xeHHoftCKyjiBirrypoft,siracTepHBirjia«KHehSjiecTanrae. Cre6ejieKh6pioiHKOKaKy
paSoHHX.
PacnpocTpaHeKie. Ohjpkh (BHTH-JIeBy), CaMoa (Ynojry).
3aMeiaKH«. Flo MHemno aBTOpoB nepBoonncaHHa, stot bh« SjiHsce Bcero
ctoht k S. perplexa (F. Smith), H3BecrHoro H3 ABcrpaJiHH h c Hoboh rBHHea, h
S. dyakWheelercKaJiHMairraHa.
7.Strumigenys scelestusMann, 1921
PacnpocTpaHeHHe. KbBecTeH tojibko H3 ranoBoro MecrooSHTaHHa (o-b
TaBHyHH, 4>Hfl5KH).
3aMenaHHS. MaHH c6jiH»caeT stotbhji coS. biroiEm., othocjuuhmch k rpyn-
ne lyroessa. Tnn. 5. scelestus mbi He H3yHajra, ho, cyjni no omicaHHio, oh CKopee
BceronpnHa«Jie»CHTkrpynnegodeffroyi,xotshctohtbHeftoco6hhkom.
8. Strumigenys wheeledMann, 1921
(pHC. 2, e, i)
PacnpocTpaHeHHe. HsBecTeH tojibko c o-Ba BHTH-JIeBy, <&hjpkh.
3aMeiaHH«. B c6opax K).H. HepHOBa H3 OKpecTHOCTefl CyBBi HMeeTca
1 3K3. 3Toro BHfla. Ot THnoBoro 3K3eMnjwpa, cyfla no oiracainno hpncyHKy MaHHa,
oh OTJiHiaeTca nponopinwMH hjichhkob ycHKa. Y THna 6-ft (BepniHHHBrii) hjichhk
ycHKa npH6jiH3HTe;iBHO paBeH 4-5-My HJieHHKaM, BMecre B3»tbim, Torna KaK y
H3yHeHHoro HaMH 3K3eMnJiapa stot hjichhk HeMHoro SojiBnie cyMMBi 2-5-ro
hjichhkob. BocrajiBHOMH3yieHHBrii3K3eMnJi5ipcooTBeTCTByeToimcaHHK)S. wheeled.
m
MaHH cSjiHxaeT stotbhh co S.feae For. Ehpmbi Ha tom ocHOBaHHH, hto o6a sth
BH«a HMeiOT yKopoieHHBiH npeanHKajiBHBift 3y6en, MaHflH6yji. OjraaKO y 5.feae h
6jiH3Koro k HeMy S. formosensis (Brown, 1949) MaHjra6yjiBi ycTpoeHBi HHane.
IIpeanHKajiBHBiH 3y6en.HanpaBJieHHe nepneHflincyjuipHO k MaiuraSyjie, a brojib Hee,
bhjjhmo, npeflCTaBJiaeT co6ofi pyjraMeHT xeBaTejiBHoro Kpax. TaKHM o6pa30M, S.
wheeled, CKopee Bcero, cjiejryeT paccMaTpHBaTB KaK o6oco6jichhbih bhji b rpynne
godeffroyi,apopMHpoBaBniHHcaHa <J>ha»ch.
9. Strumigenys zakharovi Dlussky, sp. n.
(pnc. 2, d, e)
MaTepnaji. PaSoHHH (rojioran). Towra, o-b 3ya, nepBHHHBiH Jiec b i<eHTpe
ocrpoBa, noflCTHJiKa. 10VII 1980, J* 258, T. fljiyccKHft,XpaHHTca b 3ooJiorHiecKOM
My3eeMry.
60
HWO=n0h,4c7;aMhLh=e.0,2P1;aS6Lo=h0h,3h3.(HrHofjlieoKracnti):.HPIa3=M1e,p36w;,MmIm:= 3T,L04;=S0I,6=7;0,H70L.= 0,64-
TejioxejiTOBaTo-KopHHHeBoe;fljiHHa2,5.
TojioBa cepjmeBHflHaa c aBCTBeHHoii bmcmkoh Ha 3aTfcmoiHOM Kpae, rvry6HHa
KOTopofl cocraBJweT okojio 13%HL. 3aTMJioiHi>ie yrmicyaceHW. BoKai-ojiobm na«
Dma
rjia3aMH oriaSo BunyKJiue. MajieHtKne, cocrojinme H3 10 cpaceTOK. Cicanyc
cjia6o H3orHyT, yTOJimeH b cpeflHefi Hacrn; ero «JiHHa 3aMe™o MeHtnie nrapnHU
rojioBti. fljimaBepnraHHoro (6-ro)*meHHKaycmcaHeMHoroMeHtnie cyMMapHOH
hm2-5-roiJieHHKOB. MaHjniSyjiMH3orayTtie,jiHHeHHBie. IIpHcoMKHyrtrxMaHflhnjoiyh--
JiaxnpeairaKajitHMe 3y6in,inpaBoiihjieBoiiMaH«n6yji3axojprrflpyr3a«pyra. fljimia
MaH«H6yji npH6jiH3HTejii,HO paBHa Tpera hjihhbi fojiobbi. CnHHa b npocpHJit c e«Ba
3aMeTHtiM Me30-npono«ea^BHBiM BjjaBJieHHeM. ITponofleyM c 3aocTpeHHMMH 3y6-
naMH, HanpaBJieHHHMHHa3a«. IleTHOJiioc c chjibho OKpyrjieHHtiM b npocpmit y3e;i-
kom,fljiHHaKOToporo 6ojiBiueflJiHHBiinMHHflpHHecKOHlacTH. HjiimanocTneTHOJiioca
MeHBUieIHHpHHBI.
TojioBa, npoMe30HOTyM h Bepx neTHOJiioca b tohkoh niarpeHeBOH (6yropiaTOH)
cKyjiBirrype; ocHOBaHHeSpioniKacnpoflojitHMMHMopminncaMH,ocrajibHoeopKmnco,
npononeyM, MesonjieBpti h Bepx neraojiioca rjia«KHe h 6jiecT»m.He. Ha BepxHeft
noBepxHocrH rojiOBbi, npoHOTyMe, Me30HOTyMe, neraojiioce h nocraeTHOJiioce mie-
eTcanooflHOH-flBe napti npnocrpeHHtixoTcroanmxbojiockob. Bepxh6oKatojiobm,
HornhcKanyccMHoroHHCjieHHtiMHkopotkhmhnojryoTcrojnnHMHBOJiocKaMH. H3bhjih-
cTtie,JioxKOBHflHtie, 6ynaBOBHflHtienHeniyfiKOBHflHBiebojiockhoTcyTCTByioT. ry6-
ian,ie CTpyKTypu HMeioTca cHH3y h Ha 3aflHnx yrjiaxneTHOJiioca, cmny h Ha 6oKax
nocTneTHOJiioca,hoOTcyTCTByioTHa nponofleyMe.
CpaBHeHHe.
Cxo/jeH c S.jepsoniMann, ot KOToporo OTJiH*iaeTC5i Bojimhhmh
pa3MepaMHhOTcyTCTBHeMrySqaTuxcrpyKTypHa nponofleyMe.
Tpynnaszaldyi
Rharho3. CpaBHHrejiLHoKpymaiebeam (pa6oHne Sojiee 3,5 mm). MaHflH6yjiM
c oflHHM npeaimKajiBHBiM 3y6noM, HanpaBJieHHMM nepneHsmcyjiapHO MaHflnGyjie, h
anHKajiLHOH bhjikoh. BnaBJiemie no« rjia3aMH xopomo BupaaceHO, TaK hto rjiasa
HanpaBJieHM Bnepeji. Me3onpono«eajiBHoe BjjaBJieHHe TJiy6oKoe h OTieTJiHBoe.
JIojKKOBHflHBie, HemyHKOBHflHBie HJIH flJIHHHMe H3BHJIHCTMe BOJIOCKH Ha ipyflH HJIH
rojioBe oxcyrcTByioT. rySiaxwe crpyKTypti Ha nponofleyMe h nernojHoce ot-
CyTCTByiOT.
Co cta b. Ipynna BKJiioHaeT BoceMB bh«ob, npH*ieM Jianit S. szalayi jjobojilho
nrapoKOpacnpocrpaHeHbHHflo-ABCipajiHHCKOMperaoHe.S. nidifexMannSHfleMiroeH
«jw $hjpkh, S. stemonixys Brown noxa H3BecreH tojilko c KapojiHHCKHx o-bob (Ila-
Jiay), a ocTajitHBie3HReMHMHtiflJM Hoboh TBimeH(Brown, 1971).
10. Strumigenys nidifex Mann, 1921
PacnpocTpaHeHHe.
HsBecreH tojikko c octpobob BnTH-neBy h KanaBv
apxHnejiara ^hjpkh.
11. StrumigenysszalayiEmery, 1897
(pnc. \,a,m)
Chhohhmhh: Brown, 1971.
PacnpocTpaHeHHe.
OHjimmHHM, Kapo^HHCKHe o-Ba (noHane), Cojiomo-
hobi,iocrpoBa, BaHyaTy, CaMoa (Ynojiy),ceBepHaHABCTpajiHH.
3aMenaHHa. Ha Ynojiy 3tot bh« BCTpeiaeTCH b KopeHHtix Jiecax b neHTrpe
ocrpoBa.
61