Antioxidants in Sport Nutrition

296 Pages·2014·2.11 MB·English

by  Manfred Lamprecht

NUTRITION La
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p ANTIOXIDANTS IN
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ANTIOXIDANTS IN ch
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SPORT
SPORT
NUTRITION A
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The use of antioxidants in sports is controversial due to existing evidence that
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they both support and hinder athletic performance. Antioxidants in Sport I
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Nutrition covers antioxidant use in the athlete´s basic nutrition and discusses A
the controversies surrounding the usefulness of antioxidant supplementation. The N
book also stresses how antioxidants may affect immunity, health, and exercise T
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performance.

I
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The book contains scientifically based chapters explaining the basic mechanisms
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of exercise-induced oxidative damage. Also covered are methodological
P
approaches to assess the effectiveness of antioxidant treatment. Biomarkers
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are discussed as a method to estimate the bioefficacy of dietary/supplemental
antioxidants in sports.
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This book is useful for sport nutrition scientists, physicians, exercise physiologists,

product developers, sport practitioners, coaches, top athletes, and recreational
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athletes. In it, they will find objective information and practical guidance.
U
T Edited by
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Manfred Lamprecht
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K16348
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K16348_cover.indd 1 8/4/14 10:14 AM

ANTIOXIDANTS IN
SPORT
NUTRITION

ANTIOXIDANTS IN
SPORT
NUTRITION
Edited by
Manfred Lamprecht
Boca Raton London New York
CRC Press is an imprint of the
Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
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Contents
Preface......................................................................................................................vii
Editor ........................................................................................................................ix
Contributors ..............................................................................................................xi
Chapter 1 Mechanisms of Oxidative Damage and Their Impact
on Contracting Muscle .........................................................................1
Chad M. Kerksick and Micah Zuhl
Chapter 2 Nutritional Antioxidants: It Is Time to Categorise .............................17
Aalt Bast and Guido R.M.M. Haenen
Chapter 3 Antioxidants in Athlete’s Basic Nutrition: Considerations
towards a Guideline for the Intake of Vitamin C and Vitamin E ......39
Oliver Neubauer and Christina Yfanti
Chapter 4 Antioxidants in Sport Nutrition: All the Same Effectiveness? ..........67
Karl-Heinz Wagner
Chapter 5 Well-Known Antioxidants and Newcomers in Sport Nutrition:
Coenzyme Q10, Quercetin, Resveratrol, Pterostilbene,
Pycnogenol and Astaxanthin ..............................................................79
Muaz Belviranlı and Nilsel Okudan
Chapter 6 Polyphenols in Sport: Facts or Fads? ................................................103
Francesco Visioli
Chapter 7 Supplemental Antioxidants and Adaptation to Physical Training ......111
Micah Gross and Oliver Baum
Chapter 8 Green Tea Catechins and Sport Performance ..................................123
Ewa Jówko
v
vi Contents
Chapter 9 Acute and Chronic Effects of Antioxidant Supplementation
on Exercise Performance ..................................................................141
David J. Bentley, James Ackerman, Tom Clifford and
Katie S. Slattery
Chapter 10 Evaluation of Quercetin as a Countermeasure to Exercise-
Induced Physiological Stress ............................................................155
Manuela Konrad and David C. Nieman
Chapter 11 Inflammation and Immune Function: Can Antioxidants Help
the Endurance Athlete? ....................................................................171
Lisa J. Elkington, Maree Gleeson, David B. Pyne, Robin
Callister and Lisa G. Wood
Chapter 12 Influence of Mixed Fruit and Vegetable Concentrates on Redox
Homeostasis and Immune System of Exercising People .................183
Manfred Lamprecht, Georg Obermayer and Werner Seebauer
Chapter 13 Methodological Considerations When Evaluating the
Effectiveness of Dietary/Supplemental Antioxidants in Sport ........203
Martin Burtscher, Dominik Pesta, Dietmar Fuchs, Maximilian
Ledochowski and Hannes Gatterer
Chapter 14 Common Questions and Tentative Answers on How to Assess
Oxidative Stress after Antioxidant Supplementation and Exercise .....221
Michalis G. Nikolaidis, Nikos V. Margaritelis, Vassilis
Paschalis, Anastasios A. Theodorou, Antonios Kyparos and
Ioannis S. Vrabas
Chapter 15 Biomarkers Part I: Biomarkers to Estimate Bioefficacy
of Dietary/Supplemental Antioxidants in Sport ...............................247
Joachim F. Greilberger, Michaela Greilberger and Radovan Djukic
Chapter 16 Biomarkers Part II: Biomarkers to Estimate Bioefficacy
of Dietary/Supplemental Antioxidants in Sport ...............................261
Cristina Vassalle, Alessandro Pingitore, Rachele De Giuseppe,
Luisella Vigna and Fabrizia Bamonti
Preface
CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group has a long tradition in publishing excellent books
in the field of sport nutrition, but up to now no book on redox-active components in
sport nutriton has been released. It is an honour that I was asked to edit the first book
in this field, and it was exciting for me and my helping team that so many renowned
researchers in the field accepted to send a chapter. Many, many thanks to you all!
Originally, I intended to title this book Redox-Active Components in Sport
Nutrition. But considerations with regard to attracting as many readers as possible
led us to title it Antioxidants in Sport Nutrition. Although in some respects it is not
absolutely appropriate, we perceived the term ‘antioxidant’ as very suitable as it
polarises and fosters discussions. Polarisation and discussion are engines to stimu-
late research in a specific field.
This book consists of 16 scientifically based chapters with regard to the basic
mechanisms of exercise-induced oxidative damage and categorisation of nutritional
antioxidants. It covers the antioxidant supply in an athlete’s basic nutrition and dis-
cusses the controversies of the usefulness or disadvantages of antioxidant supplemen-
tation. Many chapters refer to antioxidants and/or bioactives and their effectiveness,
and a few chapters cover specific redox-modulating substances and/or supplements. I
personally believe it is very interesting for the reader that this book provides chapters
that discuss antioxidant supplementation in relation to adaptation and performance
as well as the relation between supplementation with redox-modulating compounds
and/or supplements and the immune system. Last but not least, two chapters discuss
methodological approaches on how to assess oxidative stress and the effectiveness
of antioxidant treatment, and two other chapters introduce several biomarkers to
estimate the bioefficacy of dietary/supplemental antioxidants in sport.
With this book, sport nutrition scientists and advisors, exercise physiologists,
students in related fields as well as coaches, top athletes and recreational athletes
will find actual information and practical guidance. Have a good time with it!
Manfred Lamprecht, PhD, PhD
Medical University of Graz, Austria
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