Annual Editions: Race and Ethnic Relations, 16/e

256 Pages·2007·2.751 MB·English

by  John Kromkowski

A N N U A L E D I T I O N S
Race and Ethnic
Relations
07/08
Sixteenth Edition
EDITOR
John A. Kromkowski
Catholic University of America
John A. Kromkowski is president of The National Center for Urban Ethnic Affairs
in Washington, D.C., a nonprofit research, technical assistance, and educational
institute that has sponsored programs and projects and published many books and
articles on ethnic relations, urban affairs, and economic revitalization. He is also
undergraduate coordinator in the Department of Politics at the Catholic University of
America. Dr. Kromkowski coordinates international seminars and internship pro-
grams in the United States, England, Ireland, and Belgium and a series of scholarly
institutes and a multivolume collection sponsored by the Council for Research in
Values and Philosophy titled C ultural Heritage and Contemporary Change. He has
served on national boards for the Baroni Institute, One American Foundation, Cam-
paign for Human Development, U.S. Department of Education Ethnic Heritage Stud-
ies Program, White House Fellows Program, National Neighborhood Coalition, and
American Revolution Bicentennial Administration.
2460 Kerper Blvd., Dubuque, IA 52003
Visit us on the Internet
http://www.mhcls.com
0011__ttiittllee..iinndddd ii 22//1155//0077 1122::1199::1133 PPMM
Credits
1. Local Experiences of Racial and Ethnic Identity, Communities, and Diversity in America
Unit photo—CORBIS/Picture Quest
2. Echoes from the Past and Pieces of Our Ambiguous Legacies
Unit photo—Library of Congress
3. Demography and Diversity
Unit photo—The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc./John Flournoy, photographer
4. Immigration and the American Tradition
Unit photo—The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc./John Flournoy, photographer
5. Indigenous Ethnic Groups
Unit photo—Rubberball Productions/Getty Images
6. African Americans
Unit photo—Getty Images/SW Productions
7. Hispanic/Latina/o Americans
Unit photo—Jess Alford/Getty Images
8. Asian Americans
Unit photo—C. Borland/PhotoLink/Getty Images
9. Eastern European and Mediterranean Ethnics
Unit photo—Skip Nall/Getty Images
10. Understanding Race and Ethnic Relations: Exploring Challenges
Unit photo—Adam Crowley/Getty Images
Copyright
Cataloging in Publication Data
Main entry under title: Annual Editions: Race and Ethnic Relations. 16/e. 2007/2008.
1. Race and Ethnic Relations—Periodicals. I. Kromkowski, John A., comp. II. Title: Race and Ethnic Relations.
ISBN 13: 978–0–07–339745–0 MHID 10: 0–07–339745–8 658’ .05 ISSN 1075–5195
© 2008 by McGraw-Hill Contemporary Learning Series, Dubuque, IA 52001, A Division of The McGraw-Hill Companies.
Copyright law prohibits the reproduction, storage, or transmission in any form by any means of any portion
of this publication without the express written permission of McGraw-Hill Contemporary Learning Series,
and of the copyright holder (if different) of the part of the publication to be reproduced. The Guidelines for
Classroom Copying endorsed by Congress explicitly state that unauthorized copying may not be used to create,
to replace, or to substitute for anthologies, compilations, or collective works. Inquiries concerning publishing rights
to the articles herein can be directed to the Permission Department at Contemporary Learning Series. 800.243.6532
Annual Editions® is a Registered Trademark of McGraw-Hill Contemporary Learning Series,
A Division of The McGraw-Hill Companies.
Sixteenth Edition
Cover image Ryan McVay/Getty Images
Compositor: Laserwords Private Limited
Printed in the United States of America 1234567890QPDQPD987 Printed on Recycled Paper
0022__CCooppyyrriitt..iinndddd iiii 22//1166//0077 11::5555::3377 PPMM
Editors/Advisory Board
Members of the Advisory Board are instrumental in the final selection of articles for each edition of ANNUAL EDITIONS. Their review
of articles for content, level, currentness, and appropriateness provides critical direction to the editor and staff. We think that you will
find their careful consideration well reflected in this volume.
EDITOR
John A. Kromkowski
Catholic University of America
ADVISORY BOARD
Henry Lee Allen Perry A. Hall Edward Rhymes
Wheaton College University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill University of Massachusetts-Dartmouth
Alan B. Anderson Vicki L. Hesli Mitchell F. Rice
University of Saskatchewan University of Iowa Texas A & M University
James M. Calderone Mary R. Holley Dennis M. Rome
College Misericordia Montclair State University University of Wisconsin - Parkside
Ellis Cashmore Paul Kriese Thomas V. Tonnesen
Staffordshire University Indiana University East University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
Phillip T. Gay Linda Moghadan Harriet Tramer
San Diego State University University of Maryland, College Park Cleveland State University
Cecil Hale Tyrone Powers
City College of San Francisco Anne Arundel Community College
Staff
EDITORIAL STAFF PERMISSIONS STAFF PRODUCTION STAFF
Larry Loeppke, Managing Editor Lenny J. Behnke, Permissions Coordinator Beth Kundert, Production Manager
David Welsh, Developmental Editor Lori Church, Permissions Coordinator Karen Spring, Senior Administrative Assistant
Jade Benedict, Developmental Editor Shirley Lanners, Permissions Coordinator Jane Mohr, Project Manager
Joe Offredi, Developmental Editor Jean Smith, Project Manager
Nancy Meissner, Editorial Assistant Sandy Wille, Project Manager
Rita Hingtgen, Production Service Assistant Tara McDermott, Design Specialist
Maggie Lytle, Cover Designer
MARKETING STAFF
Julie Keck, Senior Marketing Manager
Mary Klein, Marketing Communications Specialist
Alice Link, Marketing Coordinator
iii
0033__AAddbbooaarrdd..iinndddd iiiiii 22//1155//0077 1122::2244::3399 PPMM
Preface
In publishing ANNUAL EDITIONS we recognize the enormous role played by the magazines, newspapers, and journals of the public press in
providing current, first-rate educational information in a broad spectrum of interest areas. Many of these articles are appropriate for students,
researchers, and professionals seeking accurate, current material to help bridge the gap between principles and theories and the real world.
These articles, however, become more useful for study when those of lasting value are carefully collected, organized, indexed, and reproduced
in a low-cost format, which provides easy and permanent access when the material is needed. That is the role played by ANNUAL EDITIONS.
T
he explosion of journalistic accounts, the growing levels. Each fine grain case-study reveals the specificity
legitimacy of ethnicity and race as salient—if not significant— and particularity of race and ethnic intersections. Unit 2
factors related to economic globalization, and the super- addresses the specific historical characteristics of diversity
power status of the United States of America all engage our and delineates significant features of American-diversity
attention toward and understanding of race and ethnicity. related to slavery and color consciousness and immigration.
Experiences of race and ethnicity are aspects of personal The ongoing, yet changing impacts and characteristics of
identity sustained by societies, governmental policies, eco- a new American demography are broached in Unit 3. The
nomics, and religion, as well as the historical narratives of historical and contemporary experiences of immigration are
meaning; all of which are embedded in the m entalities that covered in Unit 4.
influence personal and group identity. The reader is invited The uniquely American expressions of indigenous
to observe race and ethnicity in the United States; and to groups in this modern society are reviewed in Unit 5. Very
discern the development of regimes that have been applied large and historically marginated populations are treated in
to this socially and economically mobile and culturally plural- the selections found in Unit 6 and Unit 7, which focus respec-
istic and immigrant-receiving country. tively on African Americans and Hispanic/Latino Americans.
Nearly a hundred years after the U.S. Supreme Court Unit 8 explores various dimensions of the Asian
declared the civil rights laws passed by Congress after American experience. Unit 9 extends the discussion of eth-
the ‘War Between the States’ unconstitutional, the Court nic identity to Americans of Eastern European and Mediter-
addressed the issues again in 1954 in Brown v. Topeka ranean background and offers comparative perceptions and
Board of Education. A decade later, in the mid-1960s, Con- perspectives of ethnic Americans on contemporary issues.
gress stepped up to the plate and passed civil and voting Selections in Unit 10 illustrate how the most basic legal prin-
rights laws and immigration reform by the mid-1960s. The ciples of a society, and especially the U.S. Congress and
universal proclamation of the America Dream found new Supreme Court’s interpretation of them, are significant for
vigor, but engaged new challenges of pluralism and diver- the delineation of race and ethnic relations. The intersec-
sity. Though related to personal/individual rights, cultural tion of the aspirations for inclusion and the realities of eco-
rights are clearly associated with a group’s participation and nomic, gender, and racial claims reveal a pattern of cultural
its respected access to its part within the public and social pluralism and contemporary challenges to the promise of
affairs. Given its size—and the historical legacy of slavery, American liberties. This unit presents selections of articles
conquest, and immigration—the contemporary reality of that address approaches to understanding the origins of
the United States remains rooted in the legacies of many racialism and strife. It focuses on the religious and ethnic ori-
cultures and the ongoing drama of evocations of race and gins that shape the consciousness of group affinities and give
ethnicity oscillate between celebrative proclamations and rise to political and governmental mobilizations of regimes.
lamentations and outrages based on experiences of oppres- In addition to the annotated table of contents, this edi-
sion and unfairness. Such is the destiny of a large society tion of Annual Editions: Race and Ethnic Relations contains
comprised of many cultures and the negotiation of boundar- a list of Internet References that can be used to further
ies among groups in a political order committed to personal explore article topics and a Topic Guide to reference articles
liberties and civil rights. Thus the issue and realities of racial by subject. Readers may have input into the next edition of
and ethnic diversity are patiently real and woven into the very Annual Editions: Race and Ethnic Relations by completing
nature of the country. Beyond the personal claims of liberties and returning the prepaid article rating form in the back of
and rights stand other questions: How well are we negoti- the book. Thank you.
ating relations among and between groups? How well are
we shaping and sharing the burdens and benefits of social
change and economic affluences? How we make such social
choices determines the character of our common life.
This collection was designed to assist you in under-
standing ethnic and racial pluralism in the United States in
a global age. Unit 1, acquaints the reader with case-studies John A. Kromkowski
that are illustrative of the contemporary scene at the micro Editor
iv
0044__PPrreeffaaccee..iinndddd iivv 22//1155//0077 1122::2255::2244 PPMM
Contents
Preface iv
Topic Guide xii
Internet References xvi
UNIT 1
Local Experiences of Racial and Ethnic Identity,
Communities, and Diversity in America
Unit Overview xviii
1. Ethnic Goes Exurban, Tyler Cowen, The Washington Post, September 3, 2006
Tyler Cowen’s account opens a wide angle vista onto the migration of ethnic restaurants in
Northern Virginia, and settlement patterns and practices related to ethnic food in the Wash-
ington metropolitan area. 3
2. It’s Blarney Meets Chutzpah, over Red Wine and Green Beer, Jennifer
Medina, The New York Times, March 17, 2003
The convergence on the same night of two religious holidays— S aint Patrick’s Day and
Purim —brings together Catholics and Jews in New York City to celebrate. 6
3. A Shift in the Income Divide in Queens Puts Blacks Ahead of Whites,
Sam Roberts, The New York Times, October 1, 2006
This neighborhood profile by Sam Roberts reveals income and housing settlement varieties of
African Americans, and challenges stereotypical notions. 7
4. ‘New Brooklyns’ Replace White Suburbs, Rick Hampson, USA Today,
May 19, 2003
Rick Hampson’s new metaphor found in his report on recent census data and the migration
from cities to suburbs reveals the ongoing shift of urban ethnicities and the formation of
new patterns of residential and migrant-group interaction as the metropolitization of America
enters its fifth decade. 9
5. Parishes in Transition, Jessica Trobaugh Temple and Erin Blasko, South
Bend Tribune, May 8, 2003
These local accounts of H ispanic, Hungarian, and Polish communities reveal the transition
experienced by ethnic Catholic parishes in an older industrial city of the Midwest. 12
6. In New York, Gospel Resounds in African Tongues, Daniel J. Wakin, The
New York Times, April 18, 2004
Daniel Wakin’s account of a new A frican immigrant spirituality reveals the changing
patterns of religion and cultural differentiation related to recent immigrant experiences within
the larger demographic category of African-Americans. 15
7. In Brooklyn, an Evolving Ethnicity, Delizia Flaccavento, Ambassador,
National Italian American Foundation, Summer 2006
This profile of the streets of Bensonhurst recounts efforts by the Federation of Italian-
American Organizations toward the recultivation of neighborhood-based ethnicity that flour-
ished in this original ethnic enclave. 18
8. Mélange Cities, Blair A. Ruble, The Wilson Quarterly, Summer 2006
Blair A. Ruble’s essay on the expansion of ethnically pluralistic cities documents the significant
transformation of the Washington Metropolitan area. 20
9. Greektown’s Rise No Myth, Antero Pietila, B altimore Sun, June 22, 2004
Pietila’s report on recent efforts of the Greek-American experience in Baltimore, the formation
of a new mechanism such as the Community Development Corporation, and the struggle
for resurgence of place and ethnic style are emblematic of positive urban initiatives at the
crucial intersections of culture, commerce, and housing. 22
The concepts in bold italics are developed in the article. For further expansion, please refer to the Topic Guide and the Index.
v
0055__TTOOCC..iinndddd vv 22//1166//0077 22::1166::2211 PPMM
UNIT 2
Echoes from the Past and Pieces of Our
Ambiguous Legacies
Unit Overview 24
10. The Slave History You Don’t Know, Scott McLemee, The Chronicle of
Higher Education, May 16, 2003
Scott McLemee’s account of research on the r egional history of slavery reveals an ignored
dimension of the American past. He underscores the relevance of the local and specific char-
acter of ethnic group circumstances and the influence of regional contexts on relationships of
ethnic and racial groups. 27
11. Paying for Jefferson’s Sins, Algis Valiunas, Commentary, November 2002
This historical account provides a view into the ambiguities, ambivalence, and contradictions
in the minds of the American founders. This is especially true in relation to slavery and the
new order they expected to bring forth with the Declaration of Independence and the republics
they founded based on universal claims of all. 30
12. How the GOP Conquered the South, Michael Nelson, T he Chronicle of
Higher Education, O ctober 21, 2005
Michael Nelson’s review of recent historical political scholarship on the transformation and
rise of new political forces in the South includes personal and strategic switches that account
for the rise of the Republican Party. 35
UNIT 3
Demography and Diversity
Unit Overview 40
13. Racial Restrictions in the Law of Citizenship, Ian F. Haney López, White
By Law: The Legal Construction of Race, New York University Press, 1996
The article traces the legal history of naturalization in the development of the definitions
and legal norms that affected American citizenship. 43
14. Ancestry 2000: Census 2000 Brief, Angela Brittingham and G. Patricia de la
Cruz, U .S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration,
U.S. Census Bureau, June 2004
This report, with its tables and figures, presents troves of data regarding ethnic populations,
the persistence of ancestral affinities, and self-identification and regional clustering of cultures
in the United States. 48
15. Forces That Shape Ethnic Opinion: What Ethnic Americans Really Think
James J. Zogby, The Zogby Culture Polls, 2002
Chapter Five of this premier compendium of ethnic opinion tracks the influence of demo-
graphic factors that shape ethnic identity and political ideology. 56
16. Zooming in on Diversity, William H. Frey, American Demographics, July/
August 2004
William H. Frey’s thoughtful analysis of demographic information distinguishes patterns in
spatial mobility, the variation in magnetic or attractive effects for various ethnic and racial
populations, and the consequent persistence of clusters of pluralism that constitute Ameri-
can diversity. 62
17. Intermarriage in the Second Generation, Gillian Stevens et al., Migration
Information Source, October 1, 2006
This demographic analysis of intermarriage raises vexing questions concerning the intersec-
tion of primary social relations and the interaction of groups in the larger contexts of politics,
economics, and culture. 66
The concepts in bold italics are developed in the article. For further expansion, please refer to the Topic Guide and the Index.
vi
0055__TTOOCC..iinndddd vvii 22//1166//0077 22::1166::2244 PPMM
UNIT 4
Immigration and the American Tradition
Unit Overview 70
18. New Americans Fresh Off the Presses, Daniel Akst, C arnegie Reporter,
Spring 2003
Daniel Akst’s account of currents in the ethnic media, which are helping new immigrants
to retain their links abroad and their simultaneous commitment to becoming U.S. citizens,
expresses the emergence of contemporary ethnic group attitudes in an age of global interac-
tion. Research on the ethnic media in this article invites the analyst to reconsider a range of
communications and cultural issues that are also salient for politics and marketing. 73
19. The Diversity Visa Lottery—A Cycle of Unintended Consequences in
United States Immigration Policy, Anna O. Law, Journal of American Ethnic
History, Summer 2002
Anna Law’s account of the i mmigration reforms dating from 1965 and the current public
practice of awarding visas by country lottery reveals the curious logic and trajectory of cultural,
economic, and democratic assumptions. 80
20. Immigration and America’s Future: A New Chapter, Doris Meissner et al.,
Force on Immigration and America’s Future, 2006
This executive summary of a report fashioned by serious analysts of immigration regarding
passionately felt issues and the reform approaches to public policy proposes a timely frame-
work for the public discourse and informed action that are required. 92
21. More Muslims Are Coming to U.S. after a Decline in Wake of 9/11, Andrea
Elliott, T he New York Times, September 10, 2006
In this article Andrea Elliot reports on the experiences of recent immigrants, and reveals
patterns of decline and the resurgence of immigration from seven predominately Muslim
countries. 97
22. A True Believer in Immigrants, Karin Brulliard, The Washington Post,
September 20, 2006
This portrait of the ministry of Reverend Jose E. Hoyos examines his participation in pro-
immigrant rallies in many cities that erupted in response to legislative action on immigration
reform. 100
23. The Hotel Africa, G. Pascal Zachary, The Wilson Quarterly, Summer 2006
This account of the growing number of African immigrants and their ongoing relationships
to their countries and regions of origin provides a window into new dimensions of American
pluralism. 103
UNIT 5
Indigenous Ethnic Groups
Unit Overview 108
24. Who Is a Native American?, Peter Ortiz, DiversityInc, December 2004/
January 2005
Peter Ortiz’s answer to this question surely includes ethnic tradition, but also moves well be-
yond such matters to the wider range of concerns related to Native Americans’ participation
in America. 111
25. Guiding Spirit, Libby Copeland, T he Washington Post, September 15, 2004
Libby Copeland documents the emergence of a movement in the relations between sovereign
Native Americans and the United States. The opening of the National Museum of the Ameri-
can Indian marks the beginning of an epoch of cultural participation and access to significant
artifacts, as well as serious study of the t raditions of indigenous nations and peoples. 116
The concepts in bold italics are developed in the article. For further expansion, please refer to the Topic Guide and the Index.
vii
0055__TTOOCC..iinndddd vviiii 22//1166//0077 22::1166::2299 PPMM
26. Playing Indian at Halftime, C ornel D. Pewewardy, The Clearing House,
May/June 2004
Cornel D. Pewewardy’s review and assessment of the controversy over mascots, logos, and
nicknames associated with Native Americans reveals the hidden injuries of misused sym-
bols, the mission of c ultural respect, and the tasks of fashioning remedies for stereotypes. 119
UNIT 6
African Americans
Unit Overview 124
27. Who Is an African American?, Yoji Cole, DiversityInc, F ebruary 2005
The summary and review of answers to this question begin with slavery and evolve into an
ongoing political and social drama of exclusion and participatory contributions to American
popular culture. 126
28. Cracking the Genomics Code, Sonya A. Donaldson, Black Enterprise,
November 2006
Sonya Donaldson’s report on the “genetic turn” in ethnic identity reviews growing attention
to scientific genealogy and attempts to establish identity in the location of common genetic
markers. 130
29. Why I Gave Up on Hip-Hop, Lonnae O’Neal Parker, The Washington Post,
October 15, 2006
Lonnae O’Neal Parker’s reflective essay and critique of offensive and vulgar music and styles
invites attention to the core questions of toleration and limits of diversity in modern cultures. 133
UNIT 7
Hispanic/Latina/o Americans
Unit Overview 136
30. The GOP’s Brownout, Thomas B. Edsall, National Journal, September 2,
2006
In this article Thomas Edsall reveals the implications of the get-tough immigration legislation
that emerged for the Republican leadership of the U.S. House of Representatives. 139
31. Inventing Hispanics, Amitai Etzioni, B rookings Review, Winter 2002
This article discloses the ramifications of Census Bureau categories and definitions as they
relate to the c lassification of Hispanics as a homogenous group rather than as a variety of
ethnic groups. 144
32. The Changing Face of Arlanadria, Krissah Williams, The Washington Post,
June 7, 2004
Krissah Williams’ account of the cultural transformation of Northern Virginia reveals the stun-
ning impact of immigration on states and areas of the nation that are growing and the par-
ticular impact of such changes on the South—especially Washington D.C. 147
33. 15 Years on the Bottom Rung, Anthony DePalma, The New York Times,
May 26, 2005
Anthony DePalma’s article examines the world of the illegal alien and the underclass, and
invites attention to the possibilities of upward mobility and the conditions that define social
and economic class in America. 149
The concepts in bold italics are developed in the article. For further expansion, please refer to the Topic Guide and the Index.
viii
0055__TTOOCC..iinndddd vviiiiii 22//1166//0077 22::1166::3333 PPMM
UNIT 8
Asian Americans
Unit Overview 156
34. To Be Asian in America, Angela Johnson Meadows, DiversityInc, April 2005
The profiles of persons from Asian ethnicities arrayed in this collage of interviews by Angela
Johnson Meadows present an interesting and perhaps representative set of events and ex-
periences. 158
35. Lands of Opportunity, Gady A. Epstein and Stephanie Desmon, The
Baltimore Sun, November 5, 2006
This article reveals complex human motives and desires, and perhaps surprising pathways
from a booming economy in China to America. 163
36. Incarceration, Redress, Reconsiderations, Roger Daniels, The Immigration
and Ethnic History Newsletter, November 2005
Roger Daniel’s review of the experiences endured by Japanese-Americans and the process of
remedies developed to redress violations of civil rights are particularly relevant to understand-
ing the stress and strains caused by fear. 168
37. Thirty Years Later: Reviewing the Vietnamese-American Experience, Hien
Duc Do, T he Immigration and Ethnic History Newsletter, May 2005
Hien Duc Do reviews the relationship of Vietnamese refugees and the processes of ethnic
group formation within the context of American culture beginning in the 1970s, and identifies
rarely documented dimensions of pluralism related to military actions of the United States. 170
38. Our Lady of La Vang Parish Turns 25, Meghan Walton, The Catholic
Review, September 7, 2006
This account of an ethnic-American community and its formation of a school and parish within
the Roman Catholic Diocese of Baltimore reveals the persistence and bonds of tradition found
in the efforts of Vietnamese Catholics in Maryland. 173
UNIT 9
Eastern European and Mediterranean Ethnics
Unit Overview 174
39. Miracle: American Polonia, Karol Wojtyla and the Election of Pope John
Paul II, John Radzilowski, Polish American Studies, Spring 2006
John Radzilowski’s account of the influence of the election of the first Polish Pope on the
hearts of Polish-Americans provides a glimpse into the processes and elements that consti-
tute worlds of meaning in ethnic group solidarity. 176
40. Our Polish American Self Image: Responding to Its Detractors, Donald
Pienkos, Z goda, August 1, 2001
Donald Pienkos presents a profile of v ariety within an ethnic population and discusses
ethnic identity and stereotypes related to Polish Americans. 178
41. ‘Bursting with Pride’ in Little Italy, Kelly Brewington, The Baltimore Sun,
November 11, 2006
Kelly Brewington’s report on the election of Nancy Pelosi and the reactions in her old Baltimore
“Little Italy” neighborhood, reveals the reality of local loyalty within the Italian-American tradition. 181
The concepts in bold italics are developed in the article. For further expansion, please refer to the Topic Guide and the Index.
ix
0055__TTOOCC..iinndddd iixx 22//1166//0077 22::1166::3344 PPMM
42. Where We Stand on Issues, James J. Zogby, What Ethnic Americans
Really Think: The Zogby Culture Polls, Zogby International, 2001
This collection of ethnic group opinions, based on the largest sample of ethnic group repre-
sentatives ever systematically studied, asks the reader to reconsider t he entire concept of
race and ethnic group relations. 183
43. American Jewish History, Jonathan D. Sarna, The Chronicle of Higher Edu-
cation, October 1, 2004
Sarna’s essay on the occasion of the 350th anniversary of Jewish life in America poses an
archetypal account of ethnic group experiences. The article also challenges the current im-
ages and self-identity of ethnicities that are bound up with commemoratives which all too often
are either celebrations of accomplishments or recollections of pain, suffering, and exclusion. 187
44. Young U.S. Muslims Strive for Harmony, Tara Bahrampour, The Washington
Post, September 4, 2006
Tara Bahrampour’s account of the efforts to balance faith and country in the context of 9/11
and its aftermath reveal the stressful experiences of persons propelled by world events to
redefine their religious and ethnic identities. 190
45. For ‘Borat’ Audience, First Come the Gasps, then the Laughs, Michael
Sragow, The Baltimore Sun, November 11, 2006
This article frames a provocative event as art and life intersect in the turbulent context of
ethnic humor and its potential for inciting rage, passion, and questions about the limits of
toleration. 194
UNIT 10
Understanding Race and Ethnic Relations:
Exploring Challenges
Unit Overview 196
46. The Trouble with Tolerance, Stanley Fish, The Chronicle of Higher Education,
November 10, 2006
This thoughtful and extensive review of Wendy Brown’s book, R egulating Aversion: Tolerance
in the Age of Identity and Empire, addresses the central aspects of order and diversity, and
explores the problems of theory and practice in terms that define the narrow pathway imposed
by the imperatives of identity politics. 198
47. American Self-Interest and the Response to Genocide, Roger W. Smith,
The Chronicle of Higher Education, July 30, 2004
Roger W. Smith’s provocative review of eight new books related to international phenomena
such as ethnic cleansing, political violence, and systematic destruction of peoples and cul-
tures presents new challenges for peacekeepers. 203
48. Ethnic, Religious Fissures Deepen in Iraqi Society, Rajiv Chandrasekaran
and Anthony Shadid, The Washington Post, September 29, 2003
This article describes the ethnic and religious tensions that have developed between the
Kurds and Arabs in a northern Iraqi village as well as the problems between Sunni and
Shiite Muslims in central and southern Iraq that have unsettled many Iraqis who want their
country to stay in one piece. 208
49. Never Underestimate the Power of Ethnicity in Iraq, Amy Chua and Jed
Rubenfeld, The Washington Post, January 4, 2004
This account of ethnicity in Iraq, fashioned by Chua and Rubenfeld, explores essential
issues about the foundations of social order in Iraq, but the realities addressed suggest impli-
cations that extend to the very core of our democratic assumptions. 212
50. Correlated Conflicts, Jonathan Fox, Harvard International Review,
Winter 2004
This article invites the reconsideration of the causes of civic conflict. This new model chal-
lenges earlier expectations and assumptions regarding the salience of ethnicity. 214
The concepts in bold italics are developed in the article. For further expansion, please refer to the Topic Guide and the Index.
x
0055__TTOOCC..iinndddd xx 22//1166//0077 22::1166::3388 PPMM