an exploratory analysis of human resource planning in the saudi arabian private sector

396 Pages·2008·17.96 MB·English

CHAPTER THREE THE SAUDI CONTEXT 93
INTRODUCTION 94
GENERAL BACKGROUND TO SAUDI ARABIA 95
BACKGROUND TO PLANNING AND PLANS IN THE COUNTRY. 107
BACKGROUND TO NATIONAL PLANNING IN SAUDI (MACRO LEVEL PLANNING) 107
REVIEWING THE DEVELOPMENT PLANS 111
HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT IN SAUDI ARABIA 121
THE SAUDI LABOUR MARKET. 125
THE PRIVATE SECTOR AND THE BALANCE OF MANPOWER 133
HRP IN THE SAUDI PUBLIC SECTOR. 135
BACKGROUND TO THE SAUDI PRIVATE SECTOR 141
THE PRIVATE SECTOR SITUATION 144
DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES FOR THE PRIVATE SECTOR. 145
WEAKNESSES OF THE PRIVATE SECTOR 150
MANPOWER AND THE PRIVATE SECTOR. 151
SUMMARY 154
CHAPTER FOUR RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 156
CHAPTER FOUR RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 157
INTRODUCTION 157
THE SCOPE OF THE STUDY 157
RESEARCH TECHNIQUES. 158
THE QUESTIONNAIRES: 161
THE INTERVIEWS. 166
RESEARCH SAMPLE 168
DATA COLLECTION AND THE MAIN SURVEY 170
THE TECHNIQUES OF DATA ANALYSIS 172
SUMMARY 175
CHAPTER FIVE PRESENTATION OF RESEARCH FINDINGS 176
INTRODUCTION 177
SECTION ONE: GENERAL DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS OF SAMPLE FIRMS 178
DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS OF RESPONDENTS.
178
DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS OF FIRMS 184
SECTION TWO: ANALYSIS OF MANAGEMENT ISSUES RELATED TO HRP 193
INFORMATION SYSTEMS 193
COMPUTER SYSTEMS. 197
111
STRATEGIC BUSINESS PLANNING 201
THE RESPONSIBILITY FOR HUMAN RESOURCE PLANNING 206
METHODS OF ESTIMATING FUTURE MANPOWER REQUIREMENTS 219
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 222
CHAPTER SIX ANALYSIS OF SPECIFIC ASPECTS OF HRP 225
ANALYSIS OF SPECIFIC ASPECTS OF HRP 226
INTRODUCTION 226
ENGAGEMENT IN FORMAL HRP. 226
SECTION ONE: ANALYSIS OF NON-PLANNER FIRMS. 232
AVAILABILITY OF BASIC HRP PREREQUISITES 2. 33
Maintaining up-to-date personnel records. 233
Clarity of firm's objectives 237
The existence of manpower classifications. 240
Keeping records of products, services and / or sales. 245
ASPECTS OF THE HRP PROCESS 247
The existence of job descriptions and person specifications 247
The estimation of manpower wastage 254
Monitoring manpower productivity (performance appraisal) 258
Evaluation of work methods and job design 263
Studying manpower resources 265
INTEGRATION OF HRP 267
The link between personnel activities and business plans 267
Participation of people involved in HRP in their firm's board meetings 272
Co-ordination between the personnel department and line departments 277
The clarity of personnel department objectives 278
Co-ordination of personnel department activities (functions). 281
, PERCEPTIONS TOWARD HRP • 287
The need for HRP 287
The barriers to formal HRP 288
Efficiency of manpower utilisation 289
Relating manpower costs to production costs 290
Effectiveness of manpower pay and benefits systems 291
Observation of manpower costs in terms of costs the employment of foreigners' and their training 291
Analysis of the perceptions towards HRP 292
SECTION TWO: ANALYSIS OF PLANNER FIRMS 302
THE TIME HORIZON OF THE PLAN 302
THE DEPARTMENT MOST RESPONSIBLE FOR HRP. 304
THE SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF EXTERNAL FACTORS 305
iv
IDENTIFYING OBJECTIVES FOR THE PERSONNEL FUNCTION. 308
THE INTEGRATION OF HRP WITH STRATEGIC BUSINESS PLANNING(SBP). 309
MONITORING THE PROGRESS OF ATTAINMENT OF PLAN OBJECTIVES 312
THE BENEFITS GAINED FROM SYSTEMATIC HRP. 312
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE HRP CONTRIBUTION TO FIRM PERFORMANCE. 313
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE 2-1 THE EARLIER MODEL OF HRP ( DEPARTMENT OF EMPLOYMENT (1971) P. 3)
3S'
FIGLTRE 2-2 A FRAMEWORK FOR HRP 42
FIGURE 3-1 SAUDI ARABIA
FIGURE 3-2 HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF PLANNING IN SAUDI ARABIA. 113
FIGURE 3-3 QUANTITATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENT NUMBERS IN SAUDI ARABIA, 1976-1992 125
FIGURE 4-1 TIE STRUCTURE OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE
FIGURE 5-1 DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BY THEIR POSITIONS,
FIGURE 5-2 DISTRIBUTION OF THE RESPONDENTS BY LENGTH OF SERVICE. 180
FIGURE 5-3 DISTRIBUTION OF THE RESPONDENTS BY AGE GROUPS. 181
FIGURE 5-4 DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BY EDUCATIONAL LEVEL 182
FIGURE 5-5 DISTRIBUTION OF PARTICIPANTS ACCORDING TO NATIONALITY 183
FIGURE 5-6 DISTRIBUTION OF FIRMS BY DATE OF ESTABLISHMENT 185
FIGURE 5-7 DISTRIBUTION BY MAIN ACTIVITY OF THE FIRM. 187
FIGURE 5-8 DISTRIBUTION BY OWNERSHIP OF FIRM. 188
FIGURE 5-9 DISTRIBUTION BY NATIONALITY OF MANAGERIAL TEAM. 189
FIGURE 5-10 DISTRIBUTION BY NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES 190
FIGURE 5-11 DISTRIBUTION BY SIZE OF PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT STAFF 191
FIGURE 5-12 DISTRIBUTION OF THE FIRMS ACCORDING TO THE EXISTENCE OF
INFORMATION SYSTEM 194
FIGURE 5-13 DESCRIPTION OF INFORMATION 195
FIGURE 5-14 MAPPING EXISTENCE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND FIRM SIZE 197
FIGURE 5-15 EXISTENCE OF COMPUTER SYSTEMS IN THE FIRM. 199
V
FIGURE 5-16 MAPPING USE OF COMPUTER SYSTEMS AND FIRM SIZE. 200
FIGURE 5-17 MAPPING ENGAGEMENT IN FORMAL BUSINESS PLANNING AND FIRM SIZE. 203
FIGURE 5-18 MAPPING ENGAGEMENT IN FORMAL BUSINESS PLANNING AND FIRM OWNERSHIP 204
FIGURE 5-19 DISTRIBUTION BY PEOPLE IN CHARGE IN ESTIMATING MANPOWER REQUIREMENTS. 207
FIGURE 5-20 DISTRIBUTION BY THE RESPONSIBILITY FOR DETERMINING LABOUR RESOURCES. 210
FIGURE 5-21 THE RESPONSIBILITY OF HRP ( REQUIREMENTS, STAFFING) 211
FIGURE 5-22 MAPPING RESPONSIBILITY FOR STAFFING AND NATIONALITY 213
FIGURE 5-23 MAPPING THE RESPONSIBILITY FOR STAFFING AND FIRM OWNERSHIP. 214
FIGURE 5-24 MAPPING THE RESPONSIBILITY FOR STAFFING AND PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT SIZE 214
FIGURE 5-25 MOST IMPORTANT FACTORS IN THE SELECTION OF LABOUR SOURCES. 216
FIGURE 5-26 DISTRIBUTION BY METHODS OF ESTIMATION FUTURE MANPOWER REQUIREMENTS 218
FIGURE 6-1 MAPPING OF FIRM SIZE AND ENGAGEMENT IN FORMAL HRP. . :229
FIGURE 6-2 MAPPING OF PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT STAFF AND ENGAGEMENT IN FORMALBRP 230
FIGURE 6-3 DISTRIBUTION BY MAINTENANCE OF UP-TO-DATE PERSONNEL RECORDS. 234
FIGURE 6-4 MAPPING UPDATING PERSONNEL RECORDS AND THE FIRM SIZE 235
FIGURE 6-5 MAPPINGUPDATINGPERSCINNELRECORDSANDTIESIZEOFTIEFERSONNELDEPARINENT 236
FIGURE 6-6 MAPPING THE CLARITY OF FIRM OBJECTIVES AND RESPONDENT POSITION. 238
FIGURE 6-7 MAPPING CLARITY OF FIRM OBJECTIVES AND FIRM ACTIVITY. 240
FIGURE 6-8 MAPPING MANPOWER CLASSIFICATIONS BY PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT SIZE 242
FIGURE 6-9 MAPPING MANPOWER CLASSIFICATIONS AND FIRM OWNERSHIP. 243
FIGURE 6-10 MAPPING MANPOWER CLASSIFICATIONS AND FIRM MANAGERIAL TEAM 244
FIGURE 6-11 KEEPING RECORDS OF PRODUCTS, SERVICES AND /OR SALES 246
FIGURE 6-12 MAPPING EXISTENCE OF JOB DESCRIPTIONS AND FIRM SIZE 249
FIGURE 6-13 MAPPING PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT SIZE AND JOB DESCRIPTIONS 250
FIGURE 6-14 MAPPING THE EXISTENCE OF JOB DESCRIPTIONS BY MANAGERIAL TEAM. 251
FIGURE 6-15 MAPPING THE EXISTENCE OF JOB DESCRIPTIONS AND FIRM OWNERSHIP 252
FIGURE 6-16 MAPPING WASTAGE ANALYSIS AND PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT SIZE 254
FIGURE 6-17 MAPPING ESTIMATION OF MANPOWER WASTAGE AND FIRM OWNERSHIP. 255
FIGURE 6-18 MAPPING ESTIMATION OF MANPOWER WASTAGE AND THE MANAGERIAL TEAM OF THE FIRM.256
FIGURE 6-19 MAPPING ESTIMATION OF MANPOWER WASTAGE AND FIRM ACTIVITY. 258
FIGURE 6-20 DISTRIBUTION OF FIRMS BY MONITORING MANPOWER PRODUCTIVITY 259
FIGURE 6-21 MAPPING CONDUCTING PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL AND FIRM OWNERSHIP 260
FIGURE 6-22 MAPPING CONDUCTING PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL AND FIRM ACTIVITY 262
FIGURE 6-23 MAPPING CONDUCTING PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL AND PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT SIZE 263
FIGURE 6-24 MAPPING EXTERNAL INTEGRATION AND FIRM SIZE. 269
vi
FIGURE 6-25 MAPPING EXTERNAL INTEGRATION AND FIRM OWNERSHIP. 270
FIGURE 6-26 MAPPING EXTERNAL INTEGRATION AND PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT 271
FIGURE 6-27 MAPPING PARTICIPATION OF HR PLANNERS AND FIRM OWNERSHIP 274
FIGURE 6-28 MAPPING PARTICIPATION OF HR PLANNERS IN BOARD MEETINGS AND FIRM ACTIVITY. 275
FIGURE 6-29 MAPPING PARTICIPATION OF HR PLANNERS AND THE MANAGERIAL TEAM 276
FIGURE 6-30 MAPPING CLARITY OF PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT OBJECTIVES AND FIRM ACTIVITY 280
FIGURE 6-31 MAPPING THE CLARITY OF PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT OBJECTIVES AND THE SIZE OF PERSONNEL
DEPARTMENT. 281
FIGURE 6-32 MAPPING INTEGRATION OF PERSONNEL FUNCTIONS AND FIRM OWNERSHIP 284
FIGURE 6-33 MAPPING INTEGRATION OF PERSONNEL FUNCTIONS AND THE MANAGERIAL TEAM OF THE FIRM.
285
FIGURE 6-34 MAPPING INTERNAL INTEGRATION AND PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT. 286
FIGURE 6-35 MAPPING THE NECESSITY OF HRP FUNCTION AND THE FIRM SIZE. 293
FIGURE 6-36 MAPPING THE NECESSITY OF HRP FUNCTION FOR THE FIRM AND PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT SIZE.
294
FIGURE 6-37 MAPPING THE NECESSITY OF THE HRP FUNCTION AND FIRM OWNERSHIP. 295
FIGURE 6-38 MAPPING THE NECESSITY OF FIRP FUNCTION AND RESPONDENT POSITION. 297
FIGURE 6-39 MAPPING THE NECESSITY OF THE HRP FUNCTION BY THE EFFICIENCY OF MANPOWER
UTILISATION. 299
FIGURE 6-40 MAPPING THE NECESSITY OF THE HRP FUNCTION BY RELATING MANPOWER COSTS TO OUTPUT COSTS. 3 00
FIGURE 6-41 MAPPING THE NECESSITY OFHRP FUNCIION BY OESERVATIONOF FOREIGNIABOUR COSTS ( IMPORT AND
TRAINING) 301
FIGURE 6-42 DISTRIBUTION OF THE EXTERNAL FACTORS ANALYSED 307
FIGURE 6-43 DISTRIBUTION OF THE FIRMS BY THE NUMBER OF FACTORS ANALYSED. 308
FIGURE 6-44 DISTRIBUTION BY DEGREE OF HRP INTEGRATION WITH SBP. 311
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE 3-1 VALUES OF THE FOUR INDICES FOR TEN COUNTRIES. 9 9
TABLE 3-2 ESTIMATED NON-SAUDI MANPOWER BY OCCUPATIONAL GROUP, 1975 AND 1980 115
TABLE 3-3 ESTIMATED SAUDI MANPOWER BY OCCUPATIONAL GROUP, 1975 AND 1980 115
TABLE 3-4 GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT DURING THE THIRD PLAN 116
TABLE 3-5 PROJECTED CIVILIAN EMPLOYMENT IN SAUDI ARABIA 1980 TO 1985. 118
TABLE 3-6 NATIONALITY COMPOSITION OF THE CIVILIAN LABOLTR FORCE 120
vii
TABLE 3-7 DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENT NUMBERS IN SAUDI ARABIA 1976-1992 123
TABLE 3-8 MANPOWER GROWTH IN PRIVATE AND PUBLIC SECTOR OVER THE PERIOD 1970-1990 -
THOUSANDS. 124
TABLE 3-9 PROJECTED CIVILIAN EMPLOYMENT IN SAUDI ARABIA 1985 TO 1990 129
TABLE 3-10 NUMBER OF JOB SEEKERS RECORDED IN LABOUR OFFICES AND THOSE OF WHOM WERE EMPLOYED
DURING THE PERIOD 1985-1991 132
TABLE 3-11 PROJECTED CIVILIAN EMPLOYMENT IN SAUDI ARABIA OVER THE PERIOD 1990 TO 1995 132
TABLE 3-12 ESTIMATED GDP CONTRIBUTION BY THE PRIVATE SECTOR (IN CONSTANT 1404/05 (1985)
PRICES) 143
TABLE 4-1 DISTRIBUTION BY EMPLOYMENT AND LEGAL STATUS AS AT END OF 1412 A.H. (1992).
- 7
16
TABLE 5-1 RESPONDENT POSITION IN THE FIRM.
-179
TABLE 5-2 DISTRIBUTION ACCORDING TO LENGTH OF SERVICE 180
TABLE 5-3 DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BY AGE GROUP 181
TABLE 5-4 DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BY EDUCATIONAL LEVEL. 182
TABLE 5-5 DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS ACCORDING TO NATIONALITY 183
TABLE 5-6 DISTRIBUTION OF FIRMS BY DATE OF ESTABLISHMENT 186
TABLE 5-7 DISTRIBUTION BY MAIN ACTIVITY OF THE FIRM 186
TABLE 5-8 DISTRIBUTION BY OWNERSHIP OF FIRM 188
TABLE 5-9 DISTRIBUTION BY NATIONALITY OF MANAGERIAL TEAM. 189
TABLE 5-10 DISTRIBUTION BY NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES 190
TABLE 5-11 DISTRIBUTION BY SIZE OF PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT STAFF 191
TABLE 5-12 DISTRIBUTION OF THE FIRMS BY INFORMATION SYSTEM 195
TABLE 5-13 DESCRIPTION OF INFORMATION 195
TABLE 5-14 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (FO) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF FIRM SIZE BY
INFORMATION SYSTEMS. 197
TABLE 5-15 DISTRIBUTION OF THE AREAS IN WHICH COMPUTER IS USED 198
TABLE 5-16 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo ) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF FIRM SIZE BY USE OF
COMPUTER SYSTEMS 200
TABLE 5-17 DISTRIBUTION ACCORDING TO ENGAGEMENT IN FORMAL BUSINESS PLANNING. 201
TABLE 5-18 DISTRIBUTION ACCORDING TO TIME HORIZON OF BUSINESS PLAN 201
TABLE 5-19 DISTRIBUTION ACCORDING TO CONSIDERATIONS GIVEN TO HUMAN RESOURCE ISSUES IN BUSINESS
PLANS 202
TABLE 5-20 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo ) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF FIRM SIZE BY
ENGAGEMENT IN FORMAL BUSINESS PLANNING 203
viii
TABLE 5-21 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo ) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF ENGAGEMENT IN FORMAL
BUSINESS PLANNING BY FIRM OWNERSHIP 203
TABLE 5-22 DISTRIBUTION BY THE IN CHARGED PEOPLE IN ESTIMATING MANPOWER REQUIREMENTS 206
TABLE 5-23 DISTRIBUTION BY RESPONDENT'S RESPONSIBILITY FOR ESTIMATING MANPOWER REQUIREMENTS.
208
TABLE 5-24 DISTRIBUTION BY TRAINING ATTENDANCE 208
TABLE 5-25 DISTRIBUTION BY THE RESPONSIBILITY FOR DETERMINING LABOUR RESOURCES 210
TABLE 5-26 COMPARING RESPONSIBILITY OF DETERMINING MANPOWER REQUIREMENTS WITH
RESPONSIBILITY OF DETERMINING LABOUR SOURCES (STAFFING). 212
TABLE 5-27 TABULATION OF RESPONSIBILITY FOR STAFFING AND NATIONALITY 213
TABLE 5-28 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo ) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF RESPONSIBILITY FOR
STAFFING BY FIRM SIZE. 215
TABLE 5-29 THE MOST IMPORTANT FACTORS IN THE SELECTION OF LABOUR SOURCES. 216
TABLE 5-30 DISTRIBUTION OF THE METHODS OF ESTIMATING FUTURE MANPOWER REQUIREMENTS 217
TABLE 5-31 THE SATISFACTION ABOUT THE METHODS USED 221
TABLE 6-1 DISTRIBUTION BY ENGAGEMENT IN FORMAL BRP - ,2.2 7
TABLE 6-2 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF ENGAGEMENT IN HRP BY
FIRM SIZE. 228
TABLE 6-3 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo ) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF ENGAGEMENT IN IIRP BY
NUMBER OF PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT STAFF. 229
TABLE 6-4 THE DIFFERENCES OF ENGAGEMENT IN FORMAL HRP REGARDING THE EXISTENCE OF INFORMATION
SYSTEMS, AND BUSINESS PLANNING 230
TABLE 6-5 DISTRIBUTION BY MAINTENANCE OF UP-TO-DATE PERSONNEL RECORDS 234
TABLE 6-6 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo ) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF UPDATING PERSONNEL
RECORDS BY THE FIRM SIZE 235
TABLE 6-7 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo ) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT
SIZE BY UPDATING PERSONNEL RECORDS. 236
TABLE 6-8 DISTRIBUTION BY CLARITY OF THE BUSINESS OBJECTIVES 238
TABLE 6-9 TABULATION OF OBSERVED WO ) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF THE CLARITY OF FIRM
OBJECTIVES AND THE RESPONDENT POSITION. 238
TABLE 6-10 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo ) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF FIRM SIZE BY CLARITY OF
FIRM OBJECTIVES 239
TABLE 6-11 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo ) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF FIRM ACTIVITY BY
CLARITY OF FIRM OBJECTIVES. 240
TABLE 6-12 DISTRIBUTION BY THE EXISTENCE OF SUCH MANPOWER CLASSIFICATIONS. 241
ix
TABLE 6-13 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (FO) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT
SIZE BY MANPOWER CLASSIFICATIONS. 242
TABLE 6-14 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo ) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF MANPOWER
CLASSIFICATIONS BY FIRM OWNERSHIP. 243
TABLE 6-15 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo ) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF FIRM MANAGERIAL TEAM
BY MANPOWER CLASSIFICATIONS. 244
TABLE 6-16 DISTRIBUTION BY KEEPING RECORDS OF PRODUCTS, SERVICES AND / OR SALES. 245
TABLE 6-17 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT
SIZE BY KEEPING RECORDS OF FIRM OUTPUTS. 246
TABLE 6-18 DISTRIBUTION BY EXISTENCE OF JOB DESCRIPTIONS AND PERSON SPECIFICATIONS 248
TABLE 6-19 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo ) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF FIRM SIZE BY EXISTENCE
OF JOB DESCRIPTIONS. 248
TABLE 6-20 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo ) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF PERSONNEL
DEPARTMENT SIZE BY JOB DESCRIPTIONS. 249
TABLE 6-21 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo ) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF FIRM MANAGERIAL TEAM
BY JOB DESCRIPTIONS. 251
TABLE 6-22 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo ) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF FIRM OWNERSHIP BY JOB
DESCRIPTIONS. 252
TABLE 6-23 DISTRIBUTION BY THE ESTIMATION OF MANPOWER WASTAGE. 253
TABLE 6-24 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo ) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF PERSONNEL
DEPARTMENT SIZE BY ANALYSIS OF MANPOWER WASTAGE 254
TABLE 6-25 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo ) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF MANPOWER WASTAGE
ANALYSIS BY FIRM OWNERSHIP. 255
TABLE 6-26 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo ) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF FIRM MANAGERIAL TEAM
BY MANPOWER WASTAGE ANALYSIS. 256
TABLE 6-27 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo ) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF FIRM ACTIVITY BY
MANPOWER WASTAGE ANALYSIS. 257
TABLE 6-28 DISTRIBUTION BY MONITORING MANPOWER PRODUCTIVITY 259
TABLE 6-29 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo ) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF FIRM SIZE BY
CONDUCTING PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL 260
TABLE 6-30 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF CONDUCTING
PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL BY FIRM OWNERSHIP. 261
TABLE 6-31 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (FO) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF FIRM ACTIVITY BY
CONDUCTING PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL 261
TABLE 6-32 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo ) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF PERSONNEL
DEPARTMENT SIZE BY CONDUCTING PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL. 262
x
TABLE 6-33: DISTRIBUTION BY EVALUATION OF WORK METHODS AND JOB DESIGN 264
TABLE 6-34 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF EVALUATING WORK
METHODS BY FIRM OWNERSHIP 265
TABLE 6-35 DISTRIBUTION BY STUDYING MANPOWER RESOURCES. 266
TABLE 6-36 DISTRIBUTION BY LINKS THE PERSONNEL FUNCTIONS TO BUSINESS PLANS 268
TABLE 6-37 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo ) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF FIRM SIZE BY LINKING
PERSONNEL FUNCTIONS TO BUSINESS PLANS 269
TABLE 6-38 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo ) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF FIRM OWNERSHIP BY
LINKING PERSONNEL FUNCTIONS TO BUSINESS PLANS 270
TABLE 6-39 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (FO) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT SIZE BY
LINKING PERSONNEL FUNCTIONS TO BUSINESS PLANS 271
TABLE 6-40 DISTRIBUTION BY PARTICIPATION OF BR PLANNERS IN BOARD MEETINGS 273
TABLE 6-41 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo ) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF FIRM SIZE BY
PARTICIPATION OF BR PLANNERS IN BOARD MEETINGS 273
TABLE 6-42 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo ) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF FIRM OWNERSHIP BY
PARTICIPATION OF HR PLANNERS IN BOARD MEETINGS 273
TABLE 6-43 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo ) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF FIRM ACTIVITY BY
PARTICIPATION OF HR PLANNERS IN BOARD MEETINGS 275
TABLE 6-44 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (FO) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF FIRM MANAGERIAL TEAM BY
PARTICIPATION OF BR PLANNERS IN BOARD MEETINGS 276
TABLE 6-45 DISTRIBUTION BY CO-ORDINATION BETWEEN PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT AND LINE DEPARTMENTS.
277
TABLE 6-46 DISTRIBUTION BY CLARITY OF PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT OBJECTIVES. 279
TABLE 6-47 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo ) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF FIRM ACTIVITY BY
CLARITY OF PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT OBJECTIVES. 279
TABLE 6-48 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo ) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF PERSONNEL
DEPARTMENT SIZE BY CLARITY OF PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT OBJECTIVES 280
TABLE 6-49 DISTRIBUTION BY THE EXISTENCE OF CO-ORDINATION BETWEEN PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT
ACTIVITIES 282
TABLE 6-50 TABULATION OF FIRM SIZE BY THE INTEGRATION OF PERSONNEL FUNCTIONS. 283
TABLE 6-51 TABULATION OF FIRM OWNERSHIP BY INTEGRATING PERSONNEL FUNCTIONS. 283
TABLE 6-52 TABULATION OF MANAGERIAL TEAM BY INTEGRATING PERSONNEL FUNCTIONS 284
TABLE 6-53 PERSONNEL DEPARTMENT SIZE BY INTEGRATING PERSONNEL FUNCTIONS. 285
TABLE 6-54 DISTRIBUTION BY NEED FOR HRP 288
TABLE 6-55 DISTRIBUTION OF THE BARRIERS OF FORMAL HRP 289
TABLE 6-56 DISTRIBUTION BY EFFICIENCY OF MANPOWER UTILISATION 290
xi
TABLE 6-57 DISTRIBUTION BY RELATING MANPOWER COSTS TO PRODUCTION COSTS. 290
TABLE 6-58 DISTRIBUTION BY EFFECTIVENESS OF MANPOWER PAY AND BENEFITS 291
TABLE 6-59 DISTRIBUTION BY OBSERVATION OF MANPOWER COSTS IN TERMS OF IMPORTING AND TRAINING
COSTS 292
TABLE 6-60 THE NECESSITY OF THE FIRP FUNCTION BY THE FIRM SIZE. 293
TABLE 6-61 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (FO) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF PERSONNEL
DEPARTMENT SIZE BY THE NECESSITY OF HRP FUNCTION 294
TABLE 6-62 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (FO) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF THE NECESSITY OF HRP
FUNCTION FOR THE FIRM BY FIRM OWNERSHIP 295
TABLE 6-63 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo ) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF FIRM ACTIVITY BY THE
NECESSITY OF HRP FUNCTION FOR THE FIRM 296
TABLE 6-64 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo ) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF RESPONDENT POSITION
BY THE NECESSITY OF EIRP FUNCTION FOR THE FIRM 296
TABLE 6-65 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo ) AND EXPECTED (FE) FREQUENCIES OF NECESSITY OF 11RP
FUNCTION BY EFFICIENCY OF MANPOWER UTILISATION. 298
TABLE 6-66 TABULATION OF OBSERVED (Fo) AND EXIT= (FE) FREQUENCIES OF NECESSITY OF HRP FUNCTION BY
RELATING MANPOWER COSTS TO ourPur COSTS 299
TABLE 6-67 TABULATIONOF OBSERVED (Fo) ANDE<PECIII) (FE) FREQUENCIES OFNECESSIIYOFBRP FUNCIIONBY
OBSERVATIONOFFOREIGNLABOURCOSTS ( IMPORT ANDTRAINING) 300
TABLE 6-68 DISTRIBUTION BY THE TIME HORIZON OF THE PLAN. 303
TABLE 6-69 DISTRIBUTION BY THE DEPARTMENT MOST RESPONSIBLE FOR PREPARING HUMAN RESOURCE
PLANS 305
TABLE 6-70 DISTRIBUTION OF THE ANALYSED EXTERNAL FACTORS. 307
TABLE 6-71 PERSONNEL ACTIVITIES BASED ON HRP OBJECTIVES. 309
TABLE 6-72 THE DEGREE OF HRP INTEGRATION WITH SBP 311
TABLE 6-73 DISTRIBUTION OF THE FIRMS BY MONITORING OF THE PLANS 312
TABLE 6-74 THE BENEFITS GAINED OF SYSTEMATIC HRP. 313
LIST OF EQUATIONS
EQUATION 2-1 ANNUAL LABOUR TURNOVER INDEX FORMULA.
.',..
EQUATION 2-2 STABILITY INDEX FORMULA. 62
EQUATION 2-3 BOWEY'S STABILITY INDEX FORMULA 63
EQUATION 4-1 THE CHI-SQUARE FORMULA. i 74
EQUATION 4-2 THE EXPECTED FREQUENCIES FORMULA. 174