Alstom MiCOM P342-P343 - Generator Protection Relays. Short Technical Description

20 Pages·1.495 MB·English

MiCOM P342, P343
Generator Protection
Relays
MiCOM P342, P343
Generator Protection Relays
T&D
Protection & Control
MiCOM P342, P343
Generator Protection Relays
Introduction Control
The MiCOM generator protection • Programmable scheme logic
relays provide flexible and reliable
• Programmable optically isolated
integration of protection, control,
inputs and relay outputs
monitoring and measurement
functions. Extensive functionality is • Multiple settings groups
available to provide complete
protection and control with two Measurements
models for a wide range of
• Comprehensive measurement
applications, covering most
values
installations from small generators
up to sophisticated systems. • Instantaneous
• Integrated
Protection Figure 1: MiCOMP342
• Generator differential (P343 only) Post fault analysis
User friendly interface
• 100% stator earth fault (P343 only) • Event and fault records
• Non-directional phase overcurrent • Disturbance records • Liquid crystal display with
backlight
• Non-directional earth fault
Monitoring
• Programmable LED indications
• Neutral displacement/residual
overvoltage • Trip circuit monitoring • Password protection
• Sensitive directional earth fault • Breaker state monitoring • Optional secondary cover
• Restricted earth fault • Breaker condition monitoring • Fully programmable menu text
• Voltage dependent overcurrent/ • Temperature monitoring
Software support
underimpedance
Communications
• Under/overvoltage Available in conjunction with
MiCOM S1 support software:
• Under/overfrequency • A choice of protocols
• Settings editor
• Reverse power/low forward • Front and rear communication
power/overpower ports • Programmable scheme logic
editor
• Loss of field
Diagnostics
• Viewing of fault diagnostics and
• Negative phase sequence thermal
measurements
• Power-up diagnostics
• Overfluxing
• Disturbance recorder viewer
• Continuous self monitoring
• Unintentional energisation at
• Fully programmable menu text
• Test facilities
standstill (P343 only)
• Pole slipping protection (P343 only)
• 10 RTDs (option)
• Circuit breaker failure
• Voltage transformer supervision
• Current transformer supervision
2
Application
The MiCOM P342 is suitable for
VTS
protection of generators which
require cost effective high quality 2579 8811UO 24
protection.
Protection includes overcurrent, CTS 5501 5211V 333222ORL 40 46
earth fault, neutral displacement,
VTS Voltage transformer supervision
sensitive or restricted earth fault, 27/59 Under/overvoltage
81O/81U Under/overfrequency
voltage dependent overcurrent or
24 Overfluxing RTD
underimpedance, under and 87G Generator differential
RTD 10 resistance temperature detectors
overvoltage, under and CTS Current transformer supervision
overfrequency, reverse, low forward 5501/V5/12 1 NVooltna-dgier edcetipoennadl epnhta osvee orcvuerrrceunrtr/e nt 5501NN 64
or overpower, field failure, negative underimpedance
32R/32L/32O Reverse power/low forward power/ Figure 2a: MiCOM P342
phase sequence thermal and overpower
40 Loss of field
overfluxing, as well as VT and CT
46 Negative phase sequence
supervision. Figure 2a shows an LV 50/27 Unintentional energisation at standstill
64/67N Restricted earth fault/sensitive earth fault
application with a solidly earthed 50N\51N Non-directional earth fault
system. 27TN 100% stator earth fault VTS
59N Residual overvoltage/neutral
displacement 2579 8811UO 24
The MiCOM P343 is suitable for 67N Sensitive earth fault
protection of larger or more 67N
32R
important generators, providing 32L
32O
generator differential, 100% stator 87G
earth fault pole slipping and RTD
unintentional energisation at
standstill in addition to the features CTS 5501 5211V 3322RL 40 46 5207 78
32O
of the P342. Figure 2b shows a
MiCOM P343 application with a 50N
64 51N
resistance earthed generator.
Figure 2b: MiCOM P343
27TN 59N
Protection functions
Three phase generator differential
protection is provided to detect
stator phase faults. This can be set Figure 2a and 2b
as either a percentage bias scheme
with a dual slope characteristic or
as a high impedance scheme. fault elements, provides 100% earth Standard earth fault
Three phase tripping with faulted fault protection for the stator. This is
The standard earth fault element
phase indication is provided for all supervised by a three phase
operates from an earth fault input
protection functions. undervoltage element.
connection to measure the fault
A third harmonic neutral over current in the earth path of the
Generator differential
voltage protection is also provided generator.
(P343 only)
for applications where the
Two independent stages are
Three phase generator differential measurement is available at the
available for each phase
protection is provided to detect terminal end of the generator. The
overcurrent. Both stages have
stator phase faults. This can be set blocking features of the under
definite time (DT) delayed
as either a percentage bias scheme voltage element are not required for
characteristics, the first stage may
with a dual slope characteristic or this application.
also be independently set to one of
as a high impedance scheme.
Phase overcurrent nine inverse definite minimum time
When high impedance is used,
(IDMT) curves (IEC and IEEE).
additional stabilising resistance and Two independent stages are
metrosil will be required. available for each phase Sensitive earth fault
overcurrent. Both stages have
100% stator earth fault A core balance CT should be used
definite time (DT) delayed
(P343 only) to drive the sensitive earth fault
characteristics, the first stage may
function. The directionality is
Third harmonic neutral undervoltage also be independently set to one of
provided by the residual voltage.
protection covers the final 15% of nine inverse definite minimum time
the stator winding and, in (IDMT) curves (IEC and IEEE).
conjunction with the other earth
3
Wattmetric Under/overvoltage Negative phase sequence
The sensitive earth fault protection is Under/overvoltage protection may To protect against unbalanced stator
also suitable for Petersen Coil be configured to operate from currents caused by external faults or
earthed systems by enabling a either phase-phase or phase-neutral unbalanced loading, two stages of
wattmetric element. This form of voltage elements. Two independent negative sequence protection are
protection uses the sensitive earth stages with definite time elements provided. These comprise a definite
fault protection directional are available. The first stage can time alarm stage and a trip stage
characteristic, but with a directional also be configured to an inverse that operates with a thermal
residual power threshold providing characteristic. characteristic.
an additional constraint on
Under/overfrequency Overfluxing
operation.
Two independent stages of To protect the generator, or
Restricted earth fault
overfrequency and four of under connected transformer, against
The restricted earth fault protection frequency are provided. Each stage overexcitation a two stage V/Hz
may be configured as either high functions as a definite time element. element is provided. The first stage
impedance or low impedance is a definite time alarm, the second
Power protection
biased differential. When high stage can be used to provide an
impedance is used, additional The power protection element inverse/definite time trip
stabilising resistance and metrolsil provides two stages which may be characteristic.
will be required. independently configured to operate
Unintentional energisation at
as reverse power, over power or
Voltage dependent standstill (P343 only)
low forward power protection.
overcurrent/underimpedance
These can be used to provide If the machine circuit breaker is
In order to provide backup simple overload protection, closed accidentally, when the
protection for phase faults, an protection against motoring and/or machine is not running, very high
element is included which can be CB interlocking to prevent current will result. A voltage
set as either voltage controlled overspeeding during machine supervised overcurrent scheme is
overcurrent, voltage restrained shutdown. available to protect against this
overcurrent or underimpedance. condition. When the machine
In addition to the standard 3 phase
voltage is low, that is, the machine
If selected as voltage controlled or reverse power protection, (minimum
is not running, an instantaneous
voltage restrained overcurrent, the setting 2% Pn) a sensitive single
overcurrent element is enabled.
timing characteristic can be set as phase reverse power protection
Timers ensure that the element will
either definite time or IDMT. element can be used, (minimum
be stable for normal voltage dips
setting 0.5% Pn) which uses the
If selected as underimpedance, a that could occur for system faults or
sensitive earth fault current input.
three phase non-directional machine reconnection.
underimpedance element is Loss of field
provided. Pole slipping (P343 only)
To detect failure of the machine
The pole slipping protection uses
Neutral excitation a two stage offset mho
the variation in “apparent”
displacement/residual impedance element is provided.
impedance as seen at the
overvoltage This allows a small instantaneous
generator’s terminals to detect pole
characteristic to be used to provide
Residual overvoltage protection is slipping. If the measured
fast tripping for loss of excitation at
available for detecting earth faults impedance crosses the two halves
high power outputs, where system
where there is an isolated or high of the lens characteristic and spends
stability could be affected.
impedance earth. The residual longer than a specified time in each
The second stage can be set with a
voltage can be measured from a half a pole slip is counted. Two
larger time delayed characteristic to
broken delta VT, from the secondary zones are created by a reactance
provide stable, secure tripping
winding of a distribution line which is used to distinguish
under low power conditions.
transformer earth at the generator whether the impedance centre of
neutral, or can be calculated from Integrating timers are provided to the pole slip is located in the power
the three phase to neutral voltage enable the impedance characteristic system or in the generator. Separate
measurements. to provide time delayed pole counters are used to count pole
slipping protection. slips in the 2 zones. A setting is
Two independent stages of
also provided to determine whether
protection are provided, each can A power factor alarm element is
the protection operates in a
be set with a definite time delay also available to offer more
generating mode, motoring mode
and one stage can be configured to sensitive protection for unusual
or both.
have an inverse time characteristic. operating conditions, for example a
lightly loaded unit operating as an
induction generator.
4
Figure 3:
X ZA Blinder Pole slipping protection using blinder and Control
lenticular characteristic
Zone 2
Reactance line Z Programmable scheme logic
C
Programmable scheme logic allows
Zone 1
the user to customise the protection
and control functions. It is also used
R to programme the functionality of
the optically isolated inputs, relay
outputs and LED indications.
Voltage transformer
Lens supervision The programmable scheme logic
comprises gate logic and general
Z Voltage transformer supervision
B purpose timers. The gate logic
(VTS) is provided to detect loss of
includes OR, AND and majority
one, two or three VT signals,
gate functions, with the ability to
providing indication and inhibition
invert the inputs and outputs, and
of voltage dependent protection
provide feedback. The system is
elements.
optimised to evaluate changes to
An optically isolated input may also
Resistance temperature the scheme logic signals and thus
be configured to initiate the voltage
detectors (RTDs) minimise any delays in logic
transformer supervision alarm and
execution.
In order to monitor temperature blocking when used with miniature
accurately, an option allowing circuit breakers (MCBs) or other The programmable scheme logic
measurement of temperatures using external forms of voltage may be configured using the
up to 10 platinum RTDs is transformer supervision. graphical MiCOM S1 PC based
available. This provides an support software, as illustrated in
instantaneous alarm and time- Current transformer Figure 4.
delayed trip output for each RTD. supervision
The required logic is drawn as
Current transformer supervision shown and is then downloaded
Blocked overcurrent logic
(CTS) is provided to detect loss of directly into the relay. The logic
Each stage of overcurrent and earth phase CT signals and inhibit the may also be uploaded from the
fault protection can be blocked by operation of current dependent relay and then modified using
an optically isolated input. protection elements. MiCOM S1 support software.
This enables the overcurrent and
earth fault protection to be
integrated into a blocked
overcurrent busbar protection
scheme.
Supervisory functions
Circuit breaker failure
protection
Two stage circuit breaker failure
protection may be used for tripping
upstream circuit breakers and/or
the local secondary trip coil.
The circuit breaker failure logic may
also be initiated externally from
other protection devices if required.
Figure 4: Programmable scheme logic editor (MiCOMS1)
5
Independent protection Bias current Iabias Ibbias Disturbance records
settings groups I
cbias The internal disturbance recorder
The settings are divided into two Differential has 8 analogue channels, 32
categories; protection settings and current Iadiff Ibdiff digital and 1 time channel. Data is
control and support settings. Icdiff sampled 12 times a cycle and
Four setting groups are provided for typically 20 disturbance records,
3rd harmonic
the protection settings to allow for each of up to 10.5 seconds
neutral voltage Vn3
different operating conditions and duration are stored in non-volatile
adaptive relaying. Temperature RTD1 …RTD10 memory. All channels and the
trigger source are user
Phase currents and phase to neutral
Measurement and configurable. Disturbance records
voltages are available in true rms
recording facilities and fundamental quantities. can be extracted from the relay via
the remote communications and
The P340 series is capable of Integrated values saved in the COMTRADE format.
measuring and storing the values of These records may be examined
Wh VArh
a wide range of quantities. using MiCOM S1 or any suitable
All events, fault and disturbance Peak, average and rolling demand: software program.
records are time tagged to a I I I
a b c
resolution of 1ms using an internal Plant supervision
real time clock. An optional IRIG-B W VAr
port is also provided for accurate Trip circuit monitoring
time synchronisation. Post fault analysis
Monitoring of the trip circuit in both
A lithium battery provides a back- breaker open and closed states can
Event records
up for the real time clock and all be realised using the programmable
records in the event of supply Up to 250 time-tagged event scheme logic.
failure. This battery is supervised records are stored in non-volatile
and is easily replaced from the front memory, and can be extracted Circuit breaker state
of the relay. using the communication ports or monitoring
viewed on the front panel display.
An alarm will be generated if there
Measurements
Fault records is a discrepancy between the open
The measurements provided, which and closed contacts of the circuit
Records of the last 5 faults are
may be viewed in primary or breaker.
stored in non-volatile memory.
secondary values, can be accessed
The information provided in the Circuit breaker condition
by the back-lit liquid crystal display,
fault record includes: monitoring
or the communications ports.
Phase notation is user definable • Indication of faulted phase The circuit breaker condition
using the MiCOM S1 text editor. monitoring features include:
• Protection operation
Instantaneous measurements • monitoring the number of breaker
• Active setting group
trip operations
Phase voltages Van Vbn Vcn
• Relay and CB operating time
• recording the sum of the broken
Line voltages Vab Vbc Vca • Current, voltage, power and current quantity ˙Ix, 1.0√ x √2.0
Neutral voltage Vn frequency
• monitoring the breaker operating
Phase current Ia1 Ib1 Ic1 • Fault duration time
I I I
a2 b2 c2
• Temperatures • monitoring the fault frequency
Neutral currents In ISEF counter
Sequence currents and voltages
Frequency
Single and three phase power
factor
Active power Wa Wb Wc
Wtotal
Reactive power VAra VArb VArc
VArtotal
Apparent power VAa VAb VAc
VAtotal
6
Local and remote Local communications Hardware description
communications The front serial communications port
All models within the MiCOM P340
has been designed for use with
series include;
Two communication ports are
MiCOM S1, which fully supports
available; a rear port providing functions within the relay by • A back-lit liquid crystal display
remote communications and a front
providing the ability to program the
• 12 LEDs
port providing local
settings off-line, configure the
communications. • An optional IRIG-B port
programmable scheme logic,
Remote communications extract and view event, disturbance • An RS232 port
and fault records, view the
The remote communications are • An RS485 port
measurement information
based on RS485 voltage levels.
dynamically and perform control • A download/monitor port
Any of the protocols listed below functions.
• A battery (supervised)
can be chosen at the time of
PAS&T can also be used with the
ordering. • N/O and N/C watchdog
local communications port.
contacts
Courier/K-Bus
Diagnostics • Supervised +48V field voltage
The Courier language is a protocol
• 1A/5A dual rated CTs
which has been developed Automatic tests performed including
specifically for the purpose of power-on diagnostics and The hardware variations between
developing generic PC programs continuous self-monitoring ensure a the P342 and P343 are:
that will, without modification, high degree of reliability. The results
communicate with any device using of the self-test functions are stored in
P342 P343
the Courier language. non-volatile memory.
100 - 120V or 4 4
Test features available on the user
Modbus 380 - 480V VTs
interface provide examination of
Modbus is a master/slave protocol, input quantities, states of the digital CTs 5 8
whereby the master must have inputs and relay outputs. Opticially isolated 8 16
knowledge of the slave’s databases inputs
A local monitor port providing
and addresses.
Relay output 3N/O 6N/O
digital outputs, selected from a
The Modbus implementation prescribed list of signals, including 4C/O 8C/O
supported by the MiCOM P340 the status of protection elements, RTDs 10 10
series is RTU mode. may be used in conjunction with
test equipment.
IEC 60870-5-103
The optically isolated inputs, relay
These test signals can also be
The relay is compliant with the outputs and 8 of the LEDs are
viewed using the Courier and
transmission protocol defined by the preconfigured as a default, but may
Modbus communications ports.
specification IEC 60870-5-103. be programmed by the user.
The optically isolated inputs are
The standarised messages based on
independent and may be powered
the VDEW communication protocol
from the +48V field voltage.
are supported.
The relay outputs may be
DNP 3.0 configured as latching or self reset.
All CT connections have integral
The DNP 3.0 protocol is defined
shorting.
and administered by the DNP User
Group. A system overview of the
MiCOM P343 is shown in Figure 5.
The relay operates as a DNP 3.0
slave and supports subset level 2 of
the protocol plus some of the
features from level 3.
7
E1 5A J11
IA(2) Watchdog J12Relay failed
IB(2) EEE234 51AA kA, kV, Hz JJ1143+ReJJl97ay h4e8aVlth fyield voltage
EE56 1A 50P 50N 51P 1 4 0 0 kkWW,h k, VkAVA, krhVArs + J8 48V field voltage
E7 5A Sequence components J10
IC(2)E8 51N 6674N 46 Measurements TTehmerpmearal tsutarete +J2 Auxiliary voltage
1A J1
E9
C14C13 5A 50BF CTS 87G 2Erev5ce0onrtds 0TINr0ip: 1> A2 1 :B0 0 C 0S t1a /r t 0 1 /OO9NN9 SeeI RnIoGte-B 3 Tsyimnceh ronisation
SenINsitive C15 1A 51V 21 27TN 00:12:01 01/01/99 RS232 Courier
27 59 81 J17
C19 20 RS485 Courier
VA 32 24 40 Dreicsoturrdbsance LEDs J18 MIECod6b0u8s70-5-103
C20
50
VB 27 VTS 59N
C21 User programmble
5 Fault A-B-C 15ms
VCC22 78 Freapuoltrts 1Ia0 0=0 1 A00 I0c =A 1Ib0 0=0
52 A
See note 1 IA C2C1 5A RL1 HH12 R1 Trip CB
See note 2 C3 1A & 11 & RL2 HH34 R2 Trip PrimeMov
C4 5A RL3 H5 R3 Any trip
IB C5 Programmable scheme logic HH67
C6 1A RL4 HH89 R4 General alarm Uprsoegr r ammable
C7 5A Breaker No. trips = 100 H10 (defaults shown)
IC C8 monitoring SCUBM o pIt2 t ime == 1100000 m ksA RL5 HH1112 R5 CB fail
C9 1A RL6 HH1134 R6 E/F trip
H15
C10 5A RL7 HH1167 R7 Volt trip
C11 H18
IN C12 1A P343 RL8 GG12 R8 Freq trip
C23 RL9 GG34 R9 Diff trip
VNC24 RL10 G5 R10 SysBack trip
G6
D2 G7 User
D1 L1 Setting group RL11 GG89 R11 NPS trip programmable
D4 L2 Setting group G10 (defaults shown)
D3 RL12 G11 R12 FFail trip
D6 G12
D5 L3 Block IN>2 G13
D8 L4 BlockI>2 User RL13 GG1145 R13 Power trip
D7 programmable G16
DD190 L5 Reset (defaults shown) RL14 GG1178 R14 V/Hz trip
D12
L6 Ext prot trip
D11
D14
L7 52a
D13 B1
DD1165 L8 52b 49 BB23 RTD 1
FF21 L9 Not used 38 O10p tRioTnDasl
F4 L10 Not used B28
F3 26 B29 RTD 10
F6 L11 Not used B30
F5
F8 L12 Not used Uprsoegr r ammable
FF170 L13 Not used (defaults shown)
F9
F12 L14 Not used
F11
F14 L15 Not used
F13
F16 L16 Not used
F15
ANSI Numbers
Note 1: All CT connectors have integral shorting.
50P Instantaneous phase overcurrent 51V Voltage controlled overcurrent 40 Loss of field
These contacts are made before the internal
50N Instantaneous neutral overcurrent 21 Underimpedance 50/27 Unintentional energisation at standstill
CT circuits are disconnected.
51P Time delayed phase overcurrent 27TN 100% stator earth fault VTS Voltage transformer supervision
51N Time delayed neutral overcurrent 27 Undervoltage 87G Generator differential Note 2: 1A CT connections shown.
67N/64 Sensitive earth fault/restricted earth fault 59 Overvoltage 59N Residual overvoltage
46 Negative phase sequence 81 Over/underfrequency 26 Field winding temperature Note 3: The bridge rectifier is not present on the 24
50BF Breaker failure and backtrip 32 Reverse/low forward/over power 38 Bearing temperature – 48V dc version.
CTS Current transformer supervision 24 Overfluxing 49 Stator winding temperature
Figure 5: MiCOMP343 system overview
(not intended for wiring purposes, refer to external connection diagram 10 P343 01 for connection details
8
1
6
3
5
4
2
8
7
Figure 6: User interface
User interface
The front panel user interface (6) An upper cover identifying the The user interface and menu text
comprises: product name. The cover may are available in English, French,
be raised to provide access to German and Spanish as standard.
(1) A 2 x 16 character back-lit
the product model number, Labels supplied with the device
liquid crystal display.
serial number and ratings. allow customised descriptions of the
(2) Four fixed function LEDs. LEDs. A user selectable default
(7) A lower cover concealing the
display provides measurement
(3) Eight user programmable LEDs. front RS232 port, down
information, time/date, protection
load/monitor port and battery
(4) Menu navigation and data functions and plant reference
compartment. The front of the
entry keys. information. The ability to customise
cover can display the name of
the menu text and alarm
(5) “READ” and “CLEAR” the product or any user defined
descriptions is also supported.
keys for viewing and name.
acknowledging alarms.
(8) Facility for fitting a security lead
seal.
Password protection
Password protection may be
independently applied to the
front user interface, front
communications port and rear
communications port.
Two levels of password
protection are available
providing access to the controls
and settings respectively.
9
Protection setting ranges
IEC/UK curves IEEE/US curves
Generator differential
TMS = 1 TD = 7
Mode Percentage bias/
1000 100
high impedance
Is1 0.05In to 0.5In
k1 0 to 20% 100
g
Ik1s2020% stator 21e0Ian r ttotoh 1 5f5aI0nu%lt Operatintime (s)10 Operatingtime (s)10
UK LTI
• 3rd harmonic undervoltage IEC SI 1
IEEE MI
0.3 to 20V (100 – 120V) 1 IEEE VI
1.2 to 80V (380 – 480V) IEC VI
US CO2
• Vph-ph< inhibit IEC EI US CO8
IEEE EI
0.1 0.1
30 to 120V (100 – 120V) 1 10 100 1 10 100
120 to 480V (380 – 480V) Current (Multiples of Is) Current (Multiples of Is)
• Definite time 0 - 100s TMS 0.025 to 1.2 TD 0.5 to 15
• P < Inhibit
0.14
((146 t oto 2 80000) ) IInn WW ((VVnn == 318000//418200VV)) IEC Standard inverse t = TMS x (IIs)0.02-1 IEEE Moderately invert s=eT7Dx (I0I.0s)501.052-1 + 0.114
• Q < Inhibit IEC Very inverse t = TMS x (13).5 IEEE Very inverse
I -1 TD 19.61
(4 to 200) In VArs (Vn = 100/120V) Is t = 7 x (I )2 -1 + 0.491
(16 to 800) In VArs (Vn = 380/480V) Is
80
• S < Inhibit IEC Extremely inverse t = TMS x (I )2-1 IEEE Extremely inverse TD 28.2
(4 to 200) In VA (Vn = 100/120V) Is t = 7 x (IIs)2 -1 + 0.1217
Un(1in6t teo n8t0io0)n Ian lV Ae n(Venr =g 3is8a0t/i4o8n0 Va)t UK Long time inverse t = TMS x (I1Is2)0-1 US CO8 Inverse t =T7Dx (I5).925-1 + 0.18
Is
standstill
US CO2 Short time
• I> 0.08 to 4In inverse TD 0.02394
t = 7 x (I )0.02-1 + 0.01694
• Vph-ph< Is
10 to 120V (100 – 120V)
40 to 480V (380 – 480V)
• Definite time 0 to 10s Figure 7: IEC and IEEE/ANSIIDMT curves
• Drop-off timer 0 to 10s
Biased differential/restricted Phase fault Sensitive directional earth
fault
earth fault
IDMT/definite
time stage 0.08 to 4.0In IDMT/definite
time stage 0.005 to
IDIFF Trip Definite time stages 0.08 to 10In 0.1In
Definite time 0 to 100s
K2 Definite time 0 to 200s
Standard earth fault Polarising voltage 0.5 - 80V
No trip
(100 - 120V)
K1 IDMT and definite
Is1 time stage 0.02 to 4.0In Characteristic angle -95° to +95°
Is2 IBIAS Definite time stages 0.02 to 10In
Definite time 0 to 200s
10