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978-1-107-03965-0 — Advanced Digital Signal Processing of Seismic Data
Wail A. Mousa
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ADVANCED DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING
OF SEISMIC DATA
Seismicdatamustbeinterpretedusingdigitalsignalprocessingtechniquesinorder
tocreateaccuraterepresentationsofpetroleumreservoirsandtheinteriorstructure
oftheEarth.Thisbookprovidesanadvancedoverviewofdigitalsignalprocessing
(DSP) and its applications to exploration seismology using real world examples.
Thebookbeginsbyintroducingseismictheory,describinghowtoidentifyseismic
eventsin terms of signals andnoise, and howto convert seismic data into the lan-
guageofDSP.DeterministicDSPisthencovered,togetherwithnon-conventional
samplingtechniques.Thefinalpartcoversstatisticalseismicsignalprocessingvia
Wiener optimum filtering, deconvolution, linear-prediction filtering, and seismic
wavelet processing. With over 60 end-of-chapter exercises, seismic data sets, and
data processing MATLAB codes included, this is an ideal resource for electrical
engineering students unfamiliar with seismic data, and for earth scientists and
petroleumprofessionalsinterestedinDSPtechniques.
wail a. mousa is Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering at King Fahd
University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Saudi Arabia. His research
interests include digital signal processing and its application in geophysics, with
emphasis on seismic data processing. He has taught courses on “Geo-signal data
processing”tograduateandundergraduatestudentsinelectricalengineeringsince
2007; and previously worked as a research scientist for Schlumberger. He was
alsoChairoftheWorldPetroleumCouncil-YouthCommittee(WPC-YC)forthree
years.
© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org
Cambridge University Press
978-1-107-03965-0 — Advanced Digital Signal Processing of Seismic Data
Wail A. Mousa
Frontmatter
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© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org
Cambridge University Press
978-1-107-03965-0 — Advanced Digital Signal Processing of Seismic Data
Wail A. Mousa
Frontmatter
More Information
ADVANCED DIGITAL SIGNAL
PROCESSING OF SEISMIC DATA
WAIL A. MOUSA
KingFahdUniversityofPetroleumandMinerals
© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org
Cambridge University Press
978-1-107-03965-0 — Advanced Digital Signal Processing of Seismic Data
Wail A. Mousa
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Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9781107039650
DOI:10.1017/9781139626286
©WailA.Mousa2019
Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception
andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements,
noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten
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Firstpublished2019
PrintedintheUnitedKingdombyTJInternationalLtd.PadstowCornwall
AcataloguerecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Names:Mousa,WailAbdul-Hakim,author.
Title:Advanceddigitalsignalprocessingofseismicdata/WailMousa.
Description:Cambridge,UnitedKingdom;NewYork,NY:Cambridge
UniversityPress,2019.|Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
Identifiers:LCCN2018058437|ISBN9781107039650(hardback)
Subjects:LCSH:Seismicreflectionmethod.|Signalprocessing–Digitaltechniques.|
Petroleum–Prospecting–Dataprocessing.
Classification:LCCTN269.84.M682019|DDC511.22028/7–dc23
LCrecordavailableathttps://lccn.loc.gov/2018058437
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Cambridge University Press
978-1-107-03965-0 — Advanced Digital Signal Processing of Seismic Data
Wail A. Mousa
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Tomydearparentsandfamily.
ToKFUPMandmygreatcountry.
© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org
Cambridge University Press
978-1-107-03965-0 — Advanced Digital Signal Processing of Seismic Data
Wail A. Mousa
Frontmatter
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© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org
Cambridge University Press
978-1-107-03965-0 — Advanced Digital Signal Processing of Seismic Data
Wail A. Mousa
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Contents
Preface pagexi
PartI SeismicTheoryBackground 1
1 Introduction 3
1.1 Introduction 3
1.2 OilandGasFormationandAccumulation 5
1.3 GeologicalClassificationofPetroleumReservoirs 5
1.4 OilandGas:FromExplorationtoProduction 8
1.5 GeophysicalSurveys 10
1.6 TheSeismicSurveyingMethod 12
1.7 SeismicDataAcquisition 14
1.8 SeismicDataProcessing 29
1.9 SeismicDataInterpretation 39
1.10 Summary 40
Exercises 40
2 SeismicTheoryandReflectionSurveying:ANecessaryBackground 42
2.1 Introduction 42
2.2 TheoryofElasticity 43
2.2.1 Stress 43
2.2.2 Strain 44
2.3 TheWaveEquationandd’Alembert’sSolution 48
2.4 SeismicWaves 58
2.4.1 BodyWaves 60
2.4.2 SurfaceWaves 63
2.5 SeismicWavefrontsandRaypaths 64
2.6 SeismicWaveVelocityofRocks 65
2.7 PropagationEffectsonSeismicWavesAmplitudes 67
vii
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978-1-107-03965-0 — Advanced Digital Signal Processing of Seismic Data
Wail A. Mousa
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viii Contents
2.7.1 AmplitudeAttenuation 67
2.7.2 Dispersion 70
2.8 RaypathsinLayeredMedia 73
2.8.1 Reflection and Transmission of Normally Incident
SeismicWaveRays 73
2.8.2 ReflectionandRefractionofObliquelyIncidentRays 78
2.8.3 CriticalRefraction 80
2.8.4 ThePhenomenaofDiffraction 82
2.9 SeismicEventsGeometryinLayeredMedia 82
2.9.1 GeometryofDirectRaypaths 83
2.9.2 SingleLayerReflector 83
2.9.3 SingleLayerRefractions 89
2.9.4 SingleLayerDippingReflectors 89
2.9.5 GeometryofDiffractions 92
2.9.6 SequencesofHorizontalReflectors 92
2.10 CharacteristicsofSeismicEventsandAccompanyingNoise 97
2.10.1 LinearEvents 98
2.10.2 HyperbolicEvents 101
2.10.3 Noise 103
2.10.4 ExamplesofRealSeismicData 107
2.11 Summary 107
Exercises 111
PartII DeterministicDigitalSignalProcessingforSeismicData 115
3 SpectralAnalysisofSeismicDataandUsefulTransforms 117
3.1 Introduction 117
3.2 Discrete-Time(Space)SignalsandSystems:AReview 117
3.2.1 Discrete-Time(Space)Signals 117
3.2.2 Discrete-Time(Space)Systems 122
3.3 Thez-Transform 132
3.3.1 TheForwardz-Transform 132
3.3.2 Rationalz-Transforms 139
3.3.3 TheInversez-Transform 142
3.3.4 AnalysisofLSISystemsinthez-Domain 148
3.4 TheFourierTransform 150
3.4.1 TheDiscreteFourierTransform 155
3.5 SpectralAnalysisof2-DSeismicData 163
3.6 RadonTransform 172
3.6.1 RadonTransformandSeismicDataProcessing 177
3.6.2 LinearRadonTransform 178
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