A note on Strombus scalariformis (Caenogastropoda, Strombidae)

2015·3.1 MB·English

by  Kronenberg, Gijs C

B2015-08:Basteria-2015 9/16/2015 9:06 PM Page 32
A note on Strombus scalariformis
(Caenogastropoda, Strombidae)
Gijs C. Kronenberg
NaturalisBiodiversityCenter,P.O.Box9517,NL-2300RA Leiden,TheNetherlands;[email protected]
forme,whilstLiverani(2013)retainedthenameCa-
StrombusscalariformisDuclos,1833,isthefirstavail- nariumhaemastoma.Thedisagreementregardingthe
ablenameforthespeciescommonlyknownasStrom- validnameofthisspeciespromptedthispaper.
bus(nowCanarium)haemastomaG.B.Sowerby2nd,
1842,andshouldbeusedasthevalidname.Alecto- Abbreviations:DC=Charcotdredge(DragueChar-
typeforStrombusscalariformisisdesignated. cot);DW=Waréndredge(DragueWarén);GCKE=
GijsKronenberg,Eindhoven,TheNetherlands,private
Keywords:Gastropoda,Caenogastropoda,Strombidae,Ca- collection(tobedepositedinNCBatsomepointinthe
32 narium,taxonomy,nomenclature,lectotype,synonymy,priority. future);ICZN=InternationalCodeofZoological
Nomenclature;MNHN=MuséumNationald’Histoire
Naturelle,Paris,France;NCB=NaturalisBiodiversity
Introduction Center;NHMUK=NaturalHistoryMuseum,London,
UnitedKingdom;NMNZ=MuseumofNewZealand
ThenameStrombusscalariformiswasfirstpublishedby TePapaTongarewa,Wellington,NewZealand;
Duclos(1833).ThedescriptionbothinLatinandin RMNH=RijksMuseumvanNatuurlijkeHistorie,col-
Frenchwasaccompaniedbyafigure(pl.28),whichis lectionnowinNBC;Stn=Station;ZMA=Zoological
herereproduced(Fig.1),typelocality“lesmersdela MuseumAmsterdam,collectionnowinNCB.
Chine”.Duclos’(1833)figureofS.scalariformiswas
subsequentlycopiedbyKiener(1843),Tryon(1885), Systematic part
Abbott(1960),Kaicher(1974),andKronenberg&
Berkhout(1984).In1844Duclospresentedanotherfig- StrombidaeRafinesque,1815
ureofS.scalariformis(pl.4figs9,10),whichisalsore-
producedhere(Fig.2). CanariumSchumacher,1817
ThenameStrombushaemastomawasfirstpublished Typespecies,bymonotypy:CanariumustulatumSchumacher,
bySowerby2nd(1842:31)byabriefdescriptionanda 1817:219(=StrombusurceusLinnaeus,1758).
figure(pl.7fig.51),herereproduced(Fig.7),without
locality. Canariumscalariforme(Duclos,1833)(Figs1-8)
SubsequentauthorstreatedthenameS.scalari-
formisinvariousways(seebelow),eitherasavalid StrombusscalariformisDuclos,1833:pl28.
specieswithoutfurthersynonyms,asavalidspecies StrombushaemastomaG.B.Sowerby2nd,1842:31,pl.7fig.51.
butmentioningapossiblesynonymywithS.haemas- StrombusscalariformisDuclos.Kiener,1843:pl.14fig.3;Duclos
toma,orasasynonymofS.haemastoma,i.e.retaining [inChenu],1844:pl.4figs9,10;Küster,1845:72,pl.20fig.4;
Sowerby’snameasvalidwhiledisregardingtheprior- Adams&Adams,1854:260(fordateofpublicationsee
ityofDuclos’name.Morerecently,however,Barney Trew,1992);Kobelt,1876:105,pl39fig.12;Tryon,1885:120,
(2010)andMeuleman(2011)listedDuclos’taxonas pl.7fig.81;Kaicher,1974:card491.
thevalidnameinthecombinationCanariumscalari- StrombushaemastomaSowerby.Duclos[inChenu],1844:pl.4figs
Basteria79(1-3):32-38(2015)
B2015-08:Basteria-2015 9/16/2015 9:06 PM Page 33
17,18;Reeve,1850:pl.5figs5a,5b(listsStrombushellii menofwhichthewhereaboutsarecurrentlyun-
Rousseauasasynonym);Adams&Adams,1854:260(for known.ThereforeIherebydesignatethespecimen
dateofpublicationseeTrew,1992);Tryon,1885:120,pl.7 presentinMNHN,herefigured(Figs3-6)aslecto-
fig.78;Kaicher,1974:card430;Hinton,[1977]:10,figs11, typeofStrombusscalariformis.Thewhereaboutsof
11a. otherpossiblesyntypes(nowparalectotypes)are
StrombuselegansSowerby.Oliver:524[nonStrombuselegans unknown.
Sowerby2nd=Canariumerythrinum(Dillwyn,1817)]. Strombushaemastoma:duringavisitinDecember2008
StrombusscalariformisM.Smith,1940:36,species#502. nomaterialwaspresentinthetypecollectionof
Strombus(Canarium)haemastomaSowerby,1842.Abbott,1960: NHUK.Typespecimensmayhoweverbehidden
82,pl.20fig6;Wagner&Abbott,1964:33,species#09-905; inthegeneralcollection(KathieWay,personal
Cernohorsky,1965:6,pl.4fig.23;Wagner&Abbott,1978: communication).
09-654,species#09-805;Romagna-Manoja,1980:16,18,pl.3 Typelocalities.—Strombusscalariformis:“Mersdela
fig6;Kronenberg&Berkhout,1982:341,pl.7fig.13;Wil- Chine”.Strombushaemastoma:unknown.
son,1993:155,pl.21fig.6;Brook&MarshallinBrook,1998:
218. Othermaterialexamined.—nolocality,exJousseaume,1916,
Strombus(Canarium)scalariformisDuclos,1833.Abbott,1960:83, MNHNunnumbered/3.Mauritius:exH.C.Fulton,
pl.58;Wagner&Abbott,1964:34,species#09-917;Wagner RMNH.MOL17855/1;exH.Dabbert,coll.J.Mulder,
&Abbott,1978:09-657,species#09-965;Kronenberg& RMNH.MOL178552/1;exLinneana,exM.M.Schepman,
Berkhout,1982:342,fig.47. ZMA.MOLL45175/1;MNHNunnumbered/1;exStaadt,
Strombus(Canarium)haemastomaSowerbyii,1842.Walls,1980: 1969,MNHNunnumbered/3;exJousseaume,MNHNun-
96,upperfigsp.95(listsS.scalariformisassynonymofS. numbered/1;MNHNunnumbered/1;westcoast,at15min
haemastoma). sandandcoralbydiver,October1985,GCKE750/1.
StrombushaemastomaG.B.SowerbyII,1842.Short&Potter, LaRéunion:N/O"MarionDufresne"Campagne,1982:Stn.DC
1987:34,pl.16fig.5. 54:21°06'S55°13'E,at80-83m,MNHN1adult;GCKE
StrombushaemastomaSowerby,1758[sic].Loch,1990:5. 5569/1;St.Denis,GCKE986/1;St.Gilles,bydiverat30m,
Strombus(Canarium)haemastomaSowerbyI[sic!],1842.DeTurck GCKE5567/1.
etal.,1999:35,pl.63figs1-4. MarshallIslands:KwajaleinAtoll,oceansideofwestreefat16
StrombushaemastomaSowerby1832[sic].Willan,2005:64. feetinrubblysand,February1989,GCKE5568/1;Marshall 33
CanariumhaemastomaSowerbyI,1842[sic!].?Thach,2007:64, Islands,KwajaleinAtoll,oceansideofwestreefat16feetin
pl.10fig.191b. rubblysand,August1988,GCKE5570/1.
Canariumhaemastoma(G.B.SowerbyII,1842).Kronenberg,2008: Guam:RizalBeach,at11.5–15.5minrubble,exP.Hessel
546,pl.218fig.2. ZMA.MOLL187512/2;OrotePoint,at18–21minsand
Canariumhaemastoma(Sowerby,1842).Tröndle&Boutet,2009: pockets,byscubadiving,exP.HesselZMA.MOLL
18. 187537/5;betweenGuamandAnaeIsland,onsandat7-8m,
Canariumscalariforme(Duclos,1833).Barney,2010:20;Canarium leg.H.Conley,May1981,GCKE6119/1;betweenGuam
scalariforme(Duclos,1833).Meuleman,2011:97. andAnaeIsland,insandpitsat7-10m,leg.H.Conley,May
Canariumhaemastoma(G.B.Sowerby1[sic],1842).Liverani, 1981,GCKE6121/1;SE.ofAnaeIsland,onsandat26-30m,
2013:29. leg.H.Conley,27May1985,GCKE6120/1.
Australia:Queensland,SwainReefs,dredgedinrubbleat15-20
NotCanariumhaemastomaSowerbyI,1842[sic!].Thach,2007:64, m,exP.HesselZMA.MOLL187546/1.
pl.10fig.191a[=Canariumerythrinum(Dillwyn,1817)]. SolomonIslands:Guadalcanal,GCKE985/1.
CoralSea:CHALCAL1,1984,PlateaudeChesterfield-Bellona,
Remark.—Thechresonomyaspresentedaboveis withoutfurtherprecision,MNHN2adult;StnDC6,
notexhaustive.Manyshellencyclopaediasfrom 20°57.00’S161°43.00’Eat45m,MNHN1adult;StnDC7,
roughlythelastfortyyearshavenotbeenincorpo- 20°50.86’S161°36.99’Eat62m,MNHN1immature,1adult
rated. alive,1adult;StnDC17:19°11.90’S158°55.80’Eat44m,
MNHN2adult;StnDC39,20°28.90’S158°48.70’Eat40m
Typespecimens.—Strombusscalariformis:onesyn- MNHN1adult;StnDC45,20°48.93’S158°30.21’Eat50m
typepresentinMNHN,unnumbered,length22.3 MNHN2adult;StnDC46,20°52.26’S158°33.74’Eat65m
mm(Figs3-6).Thisisthespecimenillustratedby MNHN1juvenile,1immature;StnDC49,20°58.20’S
Duclos,inChenu(1844),ascanbeseenwhen 158°35.00’Eat48mMNHN2adult;StnD55,21°23.90’S
comparingFig.2withFigs3-6.Theillustrationin 158°59.60’Eat55mMNHN1immature,2adult;StnDC56,
Duclos(1833)hassomedifferenceswiththe1844 21°24.40’S159°08.80’Eat60mMNHN1immature;Stn
illustration,anditisnotclearwhetherthe1833 DC59,21°40.36’S159°21.29’Eat56mMNHN1immature,1
figureissomeartisticfreedom,oranotherspeci- adult;CORAIL2,July1988:Stn2(bydiver)MNHN6
Kronenberg, G.C.–AnoteonStrombusscalariformis
B2015-08:Basteria-2015 9/16/2015 9:06 PM Page 34
adult;StnDW01,20°56'S161°41'Eat59m,MNHN4adult,1 163°01.9’Eat34-36m,MNHN1adult;StnDW1397:18°21.9'S
juvenile;StnDW02,20°50'S161°37'Eat62mMNHN1im- 163°03.9'Eat43mMNHN1adult.
mature,8adult;StnDW04,20°52'S161°37'Eat64mMNHN1 LoyaltyRidge1990:StnDW432:20°20.95'S166°10.725'EMNHN
6adult;StnDW08,20°52'S161°38'Eat63mMNHN1adult; 1adult.
StnDW09,20°53'S161°35'Eat62mMNHN1adult;StnDW LoyaltyIslands,Lifou,AtelierLifou,November2000:Stn.1440:
10,20°52'S161°41'Eat60mMNHN1adult;StnDW12, 20°47’S167°08’Eat15-35mMNHN1adult;Stn.1443:
20°48'S161°36'Eat59mMNHN1adult;StnDW18,20°44'S 20°54’S167°07’Eat48-52mMNHN1adult;Stn.1459:
161°00'Eat69mMNHN4adult,1adult,crabbed;StnDW 20°47’S167°03’Eat55-80mMNHN1adult,1adult;Stn.
19,20°42'S161°00'Eat77mMNHN1adult;StnDW26, 1469:20°54’S167°00’Eat70-130mMNHN1adult.
20°22'S161°05'Eat62mMNHN1adult;StnDW28,20°28'S Wallis&Futuna:MUSORSTOM7,1992:Stn.DW529:12°31,4'S,
160°56'Eat78mMNHN1adult;StnDW39,19°22'S 176°39,6'E,eastofWaterwitchBank(NNWofMatâ’utu,
158°39'Eat63mMNHN2adult;StnDW60,19°15'S Wallis&Futuna)at500m,MNHN1adult.
158°57'Eat45mMNHN6adult;StnDW69,19°15'S
158°30'Eat30-52mMNHN3adult;StnDW73,19°12'S Recentdistribution.—IndianOcean,whereitis
158°23'Eat41mMNHN1adult;StnDW85,19°12'S knownfromMauritiusandLaRéunion,andscattered
158°56'Eat32mMNHN2adult;StnDW87,19°06'S inthePacific,whereitoccursatGuamandtheMar-
159°00'Eat31mMNHN314adult;StnDW88,19°06'S shallIslands,also5reportedfromthePhilippin6eIs-
158°56'Eat32mMNHN2adult;StnDW89,19°03'S lands,nearOlangoIsland(Kronenberg,2008);
4
158°58'Eat40m26.07.1988,MNHN1adult;StnDW101, Australia,NorthernTerritory,CartierReef(Wilson,
19°09'S158°26'Eat37m27.07.1988,MNHN1adult;StnDW 1993;Willan,2005),Queensland(Short&Potter,1987),
136,19°31'S158°16'Eat37m30.07.1988,MNHN1adult;Stn Queensland,GreatDetachedReeftoFraserIsland
DW138,19°34'S158°18'Eat31m30.07.1988,MNHN1adult; (Loch,1990;seematerialexamined);PapuaNew
StnDW143,19°37'S158°25'Eat45m30.07.1988,MNHN1 Guinea(Hinton,1977);SolomonIslands(seematerial
juvenile;StnDW147,19°37'S158°14'Eat44m30.07.1988, examined;DeTurcketal.,1999);Wallis&Futuna(see
MNHN1adult;StnDW163,19°41'S158°16'Eat23m materialexamined);NewCaledonia(seematerialex-
02.08.1988,MNHN1adult;StnDW166,19°41'S158°25'Eat amined);Fiji(Cernohorsky,1965);KermadecIslands
56m02.08.1988,MNHN1adult. (Brook&MarshallinBrook,1998)(Fig.8),andin
34 NewCaledonia:ORSTOM1984:Stn200:22°01'S165°59'Eat18 PolynesiawhereitisknownfromSocietyandGam-
m,MNHN1adult;Stn229:22°39'S166°40'Eat41m,MNHN bierarchipelago’s(Tröndle&Boutet,2009)andalso
1juvenile,2adult;Stn267:22°22'S166°15'Eat70m,MNHN theTuamoto’s(JeanLetourneux,personalcommuni-
8
1immature;Stn310:22°'46'S166°46'Eat31m,MNHN1 cation),seealsoFig.9.Inallprobabilitythespecies
adult;Stn340:22°48'S166°47'Eat27m,MNHN1adult;Stn willbediscoveredinotherPacificlocalities.
392:22°48'S167°02'Eat80m,MNHN1adult;ORSTOM,1985: ApartfromMauritiusandLaRéunionthespecies
Stn433:18°06'S162°52'Eat40-67m,MNHN1adult;Stn436: seemstobeabsentintheIndianOcean;e.g.itwasnot
18°06'S162°50'Eat45m,MNHN2juvenile,3adult;Stn445: mentionedintheextensivelistingbyTan&Low
18°18'S163°02'Eat41m,MNHN1immature,1adult,2 (2014)forChristmasIslandand7theCocos(Keeling)Is-
adult;Stn458:18°27'S163°02'Eat38m,MNHN1adult;Stn lands.ItalsoseemsabsentinIndonesia;itwasnot
461:18°22'S162°59’Eat35m,MNHN1adult;Stn477:18°51'S recordedbyDharma(2005)andhasnotbeenrecorded
163°27'Eat50m,MNHN1juvenile;Stn478:18°53'S163°27'E fromIndonesiasincethepublicationofthatbook
at35m,MNHN1juvenile,1adult;Stn488:18°53'S163°30'E (BunjaminDharma,personalcommunication).The
at38m,MNHN1adult;Stn521:19°05'S163°38'Eat39m, recordforVietnam(Thach,2007:64,pl.10figs191a,b)
MNHN1juvenile,1immature;Stn542:19°06'S163°10'Eat50 cannotbeacceptedunreservedly;therearetwospeci-
m,MNHN2adult;Stn545:22°52'S166°50'Eat37m,MNHN mensfiguredofwhichfig.191aappearstorepresenta
1adult;Stn553:22°51'S166°55'Eat39m,MNHN1adult; specimenofCanariumerythrinum(Dillwyn,1817),
ORSTOM,1986:Stn.708:21°24'S166°05'Eat35m,MNHN1 whereasfig.191bmightindeedrepresentC.scalari-
adult;Stn.725:21°19'S165°56'Eat43m,MNHN1adult; forme,judgingfromthehabitusoftheshell,but,asthe
ORSTOM1987:Stn.795:21°02'S165°32'Eat31m,MNHN1 imagerepresentsadorsalviewwithverylittledetail,
adult;ORSTOM,1988:Stn.938:20°38'S164°17'Eat19m, thereisnocertainty.
MNHN1adult;Stn1026:20°05'S163°48'Eat29m,MNHN3 ComparisonofspecimensfromtheIndianOcean
adult;ORSTOM1989:Stn1182:19°27'S163°16'Eat48m, withthoseofthePacificrevealednodifferencesasfar
MNHN1adult;ExpéditionMontrouzier,1993:Stn1319: asshellmorphologyisconcerned.Thereforeatpres-
20°44.7'S164°15.5'Eat15-20m,MNHN1adult;Stn1322: entthereisnojustificationindescribingtheIndian
20°45.2'S164°15.2'Eat53-71m,MNHN1adult;Stn1333: OceanspecimensasaspeciesdistinctfromthePacific
20°40'-20°40.6'S164°11.2'-164°12.1'Eat30-60m,MNHN1 specimens.
adult;ExpéditionPaleosurprise,1999:StnDW1395:18°17.6’S Fossilrecords.—Vanuatu(Abrard,1946-1947:62,
Basteria79(1-3),2015
B2015-08:Basteria-2015 9/16/2015 9:06 PM Page 35
35
Figs1-8.CanariumscalariformeDuclos,1833.1,StrombusscalariformisafterDuclos,1833.2,illustrationinDuclos,inChenu,1844.3-6,Lec-
totypeofStrombusscalariformis,“MersdelaChine”,length22.3mm,MNHNParis(photographsHanRaven);7,TypefigureofStrombus
haemastomaSowerby2nd,1842;8,RaoulIsland,KermadecIslands,RaoulIsland,exJ.Bollonscolln(nodate),NMNZM.272644,length
24.3mm,width10.4mm(photographRaymondCoory).
Kronenberg, G.C.–AnoteonStrombusscalariformis
B2015-08:Basteria-2015 9/16/2015 9:06 PM Page 36
fig.3).
Duclos,inChenu(1844),distinguishedS.scalariformis
(pl.4figs9,10)andS.haemastoma(pl.4 figs17,18)as
validspecies.
Küster(1845:72)recognizedS.scalariformis,refer-
ringtobothDuclos(1833)andKiener(1843),andlike
Kiener,didnotmentionS.haemasoma.
Kobelt(1876:105)consideredS.scalariformis“Eine
ganzeigenthümlicheArt,fürwelchedieAufstellung
einereigenenUntergattungwohlgerechtfertigtwäre,
istStrombusscalariformisDuclos(Taf.39Fig.12)aus
denchinesischenMeeren;dasGehäuseistklein,wen-
Fig.9.MapshowingrecordsofCanariumscalariformeDuclos, deltreppenförmig,mitgethürmtemGewinde,radial
1833inthePacificOcean.Generallocalitiessuchas“Queens- geripptundspiralgestreift,fahlgelbmitrosenrothem,
land”and“PapuaNewGuinea”areomi<ed.Seetextalso. innengestreiftemGaumen;dieAdamsrechnensiezu
Canarium.”(Averypeculiarspecies,forwhichthedef-
initionofaseparatesubgenuswouldbeappropriate,
isStrombusscalariformis(pl.39fig.12)fromtheChi-
pl.4fig.29)whereitisreportedfromMalekila,Nua nesesea;theshellissmall,likeawentletrap,witha
river,Pliocene. turretedspire,axialribsandfinespiralcords,paleyel-
Habitat.—Abbott(1960:83,asS.haemastoma)didnot lowwitharoseate,lyratecolumella,theAdamsplace
provideanyinformationaboutthehabitatofthe itinCanarium)anddoesnotmentionS.haemastoma.
species. Likeinmanypreviousandsubsequentpublications,
RicherdeForgers(1991)listedstationsofvarious pl.39fig.12inKobelt(1876)isareproductionofthe
expeditionsconductedbyMNHN.Fromthedescrip- originalillustrationbyDuclos,1833.
tionsofthebottominhislistingofstationswhereC. Tyron(1885:120)mentionedbothS.haemastoma
scalariformeisreportedfrom,itappearsthatthisspecies andS.scalariformis,andsaidaboutthelatter:“Sculp-
36 usuallyoccursoncoarsesandbottoms,oftenwith turedandcoloredliketheprecedingspecies[=S.hellii,
ForaminiferaandHalimeda,occasionallyongravel. GCK],butdifferingwidelyinform.”.
Livingspecimenshavebeenencounteredatdepths Smith(1940)didnotmentionStrombushaemastoma
varyingfromc.15to65m,whichcorrespondswithin- atall,butlistsS.scalariformisasavalidspecies.
formationprovidedbyJeanLetourneux(personalcom- Abbott(1960:83)inhisdiscussiononS.scalari-
munication),whoindicatedthatinFrenchPolynesia formis,wrote:“Iaminclinedtosuspectthatthis
thespeciesisrareandencounteredat20-60mdepth. speciesmaybeaformofhaemastoma.”,anddidnotre-
alizethatifthiswouldbethecase,thenamegivenby
Discussion and conclusion Duclos(1833)shouldtakepriority.Subsequently,Ab-
bott(1973:160[unnumberedpage])wrote:"..isthe
InthedescriptionofStrombusscalariformisbyDuclos WentletrapConch,Strombusscalariformis,knownfrom
(1833)thereisnoindicationwhatsoeverthatDuclos onlyonespecimen.Itwasdescribedin1833andhas
thoughtthathehadateratologicalspecimeninfront notbeenfoundsince,perhapsbecauseitisafreak.".
ofhim. Wagner&Abbott(1964)listedbothS.haemastomaand
AftertheintroductionofStrombushaemastomaby S.scalariformisasvalidspecies,butnotedsubse-
G.B.Sowerby2nd(1842),theauthorshavetreatedthe quentlyinthelistingofS.scalariformis(1978:09-657,
nameStrombusscalariformis,orlaterCanariumscalari- species09-965):“Malformedhaemastoma?”.Following
forme,invariousways,ascanbeseeninthechreson- theopinionexpressedbyAbbott(1960;1973),Kaicher
omypresentedabove. (1974),Wagner&Abbott(1978),andRomagnaManoja
Kiener(1843)didnotmentionStrombushaemastoma (1980),Kronenberg&Berkhout(1984)moreorlessex-
atall,althoughthatauthorwaswellawareofthe plicitlystatedthatS.scalariformiscouldbeanabnor-
workpublishedbyG.B.Sowerby2ndintheprevious malspecimen,probablysynonymouswiththespecies
year(1842),judgingfromhisinclusionofspeciesde- usuallyknownasStrombushaemastomaSowerby2nd,
scribedthere,andnoted:“Nousneconnaissonscette 1842,butagain,thoseauthorsneverpointedoutthat
joliepetiteespècequed’aprèslafigurequ’enadonnée thenameS.scalariformiswastheolderoneand,ifsyn-
M.Duclos.”(weonlyknowthisprettysmallspecies onymous,shouldtakepriority.
afterafigurepresentedbyM.Duclos)(Kiener,1843: Walls(1980)wasthefirsttounambiguouslyuse
43)andfigureddorsalandaperturalviews(ibid,pl.14 thenameStrombushaemastoma(inthesubgenusCa-
Basteria79(1-3),2015
B2015-08:Basteria-2015 9/16/2015 9:06 PM Page 37
narium)asthevalidname,listingS.scalariformisasa Acknowledgements
synonymofS.haemastoma.Thisopinionwassubse-
quentlyfollowedbye.g.DeTurcketal.(1999).De IwanttothankPhilippeBouchetandVirginieHeros,
Turcketal.(1999),however,didnotprovidesyn- MNHN,fortheloanofthesyntype(nowlectotype)of
onymiesforthespeciestheydiscussed,sotheiropin- Strombusscalariformisandaccesstothenumerous
ionregardingS.scalariformisisnotknown. samplescollectedbytheMNHNexpeditions;Ms.
Kronenberg(2008:546,captiontopl.218fig.2) KathieWayandMs.AmeliaMacLellan,NHMUK,for
usedCanariumhaemastoma(G.B.Sowerby2nd,1842)as theirkindhospitalityduringmyvisittoNHMUK
thevalidname,buthenotedthat“ThenameStrom- andinformationaboutthetypecollectionof
busscalariformisDuclos,1833(=Canariumscalariforme) NHMUK;Dr.HanRaven,TheHague,TheNether-
isaseniornameforthisspecies,andshouldinfact lands,forphotography.Mr.JeanLetourneux,
havepriority.However,thenamegivenbySowerby Mahina,Tahiti,FrenchPolynesiaprovidedinforma-
iswidelyused”.Duetolackofspacewithinthecon- tionontheoccurrenceofC.scalariformeinFrench
ceptofthatbook,thiswasnotfurtherdiscussed. Polynesia;DrBruceMarshall,NMNZ,providedim-
Sincethen,listsofstrombidtaxawerepublished portantinformationontheoccurrenceofC.scalari-
byBarney(2010)andMeuleman(2011)whoboth formeatKermadecIslandsandprovideda
consideredCanariumscalariformeavalidname,and photograph(herereproducedFig.7)ofaspecimen
Liverani(2013)whoreturnedtotheuseofCanarium fromKermadecIslands;Mr.VirgilioLiverani,Faenza,
haemastoma,withoutmentioningtheepithetscalari- Italy,translatedRomagnaManoja’snoteonS.scalari-
formisorscalariforme. formis;UlrichWieneke,Murnau,Germany,helped
Obviously,thenameStrombusscalariformiswas withthetranslationoftherelevantpartoftheKobelt
widelyusedasvalid,eveninprevailingusageuntil paper;Mr.JanJohanterPoorten,Hilversum,The
Abbott’s(1960)influentialmonograph,andevenina Netherlands,composedtheplateandthedistribution
shortperiodafterAbbott’s(1960). map.Twoanonymouspersonsreviewedthemanu-
Scalariformspecimensofotherwiseregularly script;Dr.A.C.vanBruggencorrectedtheEnglish
coiledspeciesareknownfromaconsiderablenumber andmadevaluablesuggestionsforimprovement.
ofgastropodfamilies,bothcontinentalandmarine.
Strombidaearenoexceptiontothis.TheICZNex- References 37
cludessuchscalariform(orotherteratological)speci-
mensexplicitlyfromtheprovisionsofthe Abbott,R.T.,1960.ThegenusStrombusintheIndo-Pacific.—
InternationalCodeofZoologicalNomenclature(The Indo-PacificMollusca1(2):33-146.
Code)inICZNArticle1.3.2.However,thisArticlecan Abbott,R.T.,1973.Kingdomoftheseashell:1-256.Hamlyn
onlybeappliedwhenanauthorwhodescribesa House,Feltham,UnitedKingdom.
speciesisawarethatthespecimenunderdescription Abrard,R.,1946-1947.Fossilesnéogènesetquarternairesdes
isateratologicalspecimen.Duclos’1833description NouvellesHébrides(MissionsE.AubertdelaRüe,1934-
doesnotindicatethathe(Duclos)wasawareofthe 1936).—AnnalesdePaléontologie32:3-112,pls1-5.
possibleabnormalnatureofthespecimenbeforehim. Adams,H.&Adams,A.,1853-1854.ThegeneraofrecentMol-
Therefore,thenameStrombusscalariformisDuclos, lusca;arrangedaccordingtotheirorganization1:1-484.
1833,isavailable,seethereasoningbyPetit(2003:50) JohnvanVoorst,London,UnitedKingdom.
onTibiaserrata. Barney,W.,2010.NewgenericassignmentsforStrombidae:a
StrombusscalariformisDuclos,1833,cannotbecon- summaryofrecentchanges.—AmericanConchologist
sideredanomenoblitum(seeICZNarticle23.9.1.1)as 38(3):19-22.
Smith(1940),Abbott(1960),Kaicher(1974),Wagner& Brook,F.J.,1998.ThecoastalmarinefaunaofthenorthernKer-
Abbott(1964;1978)andKronenberg&Berkhout madecIslands,SouthWestPacificOcean.—Journalofthe
(1984)usedthisnameasavalidname. RoyalSocietyofNewZealand28(8):185-233.
AlthoughICZNArticle23.2pleasforstabilityfor Cernohorsky,W.O.,1965.TheStrombidaeofFiji.Recordsof
longusednames,thechresonomyabovemakesclear theFijiMuseum1(1):1-18,6pls,1map.
thatalthoughStrombushaemastoma/Canariumhaemas- DeTurck,K.,Kreipl,K.,Manin‘tVeld,L.&Poppe,G.,1999.
tomaisinprevalentusesince1900,severalauthors ThefamilyStrombidae.InG.T.Poppe&K.Groh,eds,A
havetreatedStrombusscalariformisasvalidinboththe conchologicaliconography:1-58,pls1-130,59-60.Conch-
19th,20thand21stcentury,sothereisnostabilityin books,Hackenheim,Germany.
thiscase.Therefore,StrombusscalariformisDuclos, Dharma,B.,2005.Recent&fossilIndonesianshells:1-424.
1833(=Canariumscalariforme)mustbeconsideredthe Conchbooks,Hackenheim,Germany.
validnameofthespeciesalsoknownasStrombus Duclos,P.L.,1833.Strombe.Strombus.Lamarck.—Magasinde
haemastomaSowerby2nd,1842. Zoologie,Cl.V:pl.28.
Kronenberg, G.C.–AnoteonStrombusscalariformis
B2015-08:Basteria-2015 9/16/2015 9:06 PM Page 38
Duclos,P.L.,1843-1844.Strombus,pls1-30.InChenu,J.C., Reeve,L.A.,1850-1851.ConchologicaIconica:orillustrationsof
1842-1853,Illustrationsconchyliologiques:oudescriptionet theshellsofmolluscousanimals6…Monographofthe
figuresdetouteslescoquillesconnuesvivanteetfossiles genusStrombus:pls1-19.ReeveandBenham,London.
classéessuivantlesystèmedeLamarckmodifiéd’aprèsles RicherdeForges,B.,1991.Lesfondsmeublesdeslagonsde
progrèsdelascience,etcomprenantlesgenresnouveauxet NouvelleCalédonie:Généralitésetéchantillonagesperdra-
lesespècesrécemmentdécouvertes.Fortin,Masson,Paris. gages.In:B.RicherdeForges,ed.,Lebenthosdesfonds
Hinton,A.G.,[1977].GuidetoshellsofPapuaNewGuinea.68 meublesdeslagonsdeNouvelleCalédonie1:7-148.ORS-
colourplatesillustratingover1,450individualshellsrepre- TOM,Paris.
senting950distinctspecies.[frontispiece]+[3]+[1-68]+[6] Romagna-Manoja,E.H.,1980.SuperfamilyStromboideaVI
+[map].RobertBrown&Associates,PortMoresby,Papua part:subgenusCanarium.—LaConchiglia12(130-131):12-
NewGuinea. 16,18.
InternationalCommissiononZoologicalNomenclature, Schumacher,C.F.,1817.Essaid'unnouveausystèmedeshabita-
1985.InternationalcodeofZoologicalNomenclature.Third tionsdesverstestacésavecXXIIplanches.[2],1-287incl.er-
edition.London,U.K.:i–xx,1–338. ratum&22pls.Schulz,Kopenhagen,Denmark.
InternationalCommissiononZoologicalNomenclature, Short,J.W.&Potter,D.G.,1987.ShellsofQueenslandandthe
1999.InternationalcodeofZoologicalNomenclature. GreatBarrierReef.Marinegastropods:i-vi,1-135.Robert
Fourthedition.London,U.K.:i–xxix,1–306. Brown&associates,Bathurst,NSW,Australia.
Kaicher,S.D.,1974.Cardcatalogueofworld-wideshells.Pack# Smith,M.,1940.World-wideseashells.Illustrations,geographi-
5–Strombacea,Strombidae,Aporrhaidae,Struthiolariidae calrangeandotherdatacoveringmorethansixteenhun-
(cardsi-ii,390-497).S.D.Kaicher,St.Petersburg,Florida, dredspeciesandsub-speciesofmolluscs:i-xviii,1-139.
U.S.A. Tropicalphotographiclaboratory,Lantana,Florida,U.S.A..
Kiener,L.C.,1843.[in1835-1850]Spéciesgénéraleticonogra- Sowerby,G.B.,2nd,1842.MonographofthegenusStrombus.
phiedescoquillesvivantes:comprenantlacollectiondu ThesaurusConchyliorum:24-39,pls.6-10.
Muséumd'histoirenaturelledeParis,lacollectionLamarck, Tan,S.K.&Low,M.W.Y.,2014.ChecklistoftheMolluscaofthe
celleduPrinceMasséna(AppartenantmaintenantàM.le Cocos(Keeling)/Christmasecoregion.—RafflesBulletinof
BaronBenjaminDelessert),etlesdécouvertesrécentesdes ZoologySupplement30:313-375.
voyageurs.Vol.4.GenreStrombe:1-68,pls1-34.Rousseau, Thach,N.N.,2007.RecentlycollectedshellsofVietnam.1-384.
38 …J.-P.Ballière,Paris. L’InformatorePiceno&N.N.T.,Ancona,Italy.
Kobelt,W.,1876.IllustrirtesConchylienbuch:i-xvi,1-143,pls1- Trew,A.,1992.HenryandArthurAdams’snewmolluscan
50.Nürnberg,VerlagBauer&Raspe. names.1-63.NationalMuseumofWales,Cardiff,United
Kronenberg,G.C.,2008.Strombidae:514-571(incl.pls202-230), Kingdom.
inG.T.Poppe,ed.,PhilippineMarineMollusks.Vol.1.1- Tröndle,J.&Boutet,M.,2009.Inventoryofmarinemolluscsof
759,inclpls1-312 FrenchPolynesia.—AtollResearchBulletin570:[map],1-
Kronenberg,G.C.&Berkhout,J.,1984.Strombidae.—VitaMa- 87.
rina31(1-6):263-362. Tryon,G.W.,1885.FamilyStrombidae.—ManualofConchol-
Küster,H.C.,1845.SystematischesConchylien-Cabinetvon ogy2(7):99-152,pls1-12.
MartiniundChemnitzfortgesetztvonHofrathDr.G.H.v. Walls,J.G.,1980.Conchs,TibiasandHarps.1-191.Neptune,
SchubertundProfessorJ.A.Wagner.Neuherausgegeben NJ,U.S.A.
undvervollständigt(….).ViertenBandesersteAbtheilung Willan,R.C.,2005.Themolluscanfaunafromtheemergent
DieFlügelschnecken(Strombea.).1-110,I-IV,plsA-B,1-15. reefsofthenorthernmostSahulShelf,TimorSea-Ashmore,
BauerundRaspe,Nürnberg. CartierandHiberniareefs;biodiversityandzoogeography.
Liverani,V.,2013.ThesuperfamilyStromboideaaddendaand —TheBeagle,RecordsoftheMuseumsandArtGalleriesof
corrigenda.InPoppe,G.T.,Groh,K.&Renker,C.eds,A theNorthernTerritorySupplement1:51-81.
ConchologicalIconography,Supplement1:1-54,pls131- WagnerR.J.L.&Abbott,R.T.,1964.VanNostrand’sstandard
164.Conchbooks,Hackenheim,Germany. catalogofShellsEd.1.1-195.D.vanNostrand,Princetown,
Loch,I.,1990.StrombidaeinAustralia.—AustralianShell NewJersey,U.S.A.
News71:5-6. WagnerR.J.L.&Abbott,R.T.,1978.FamilyStrombidae
Meuleman,E.,2011.EvolutiondelaclassificationdesStrombi- Rafinesque,1815Trueconchstibiasandtheirallies:09-651-
daeRafinesque,1815.—NovapexSociété12(4):85-99. 09-658.InWagner,R.J.L.&Abbott,R.T.,eds,Standardcata-
Oliver,W.R.B.,1915.TheMolluscaoftheKermadecIslands.— logofShells.Ed.3.AmericanMalacologists,Greenville,
TransactionsandProceedingsoftheNewZealandInstitute Delaware,U.S.A.
47:509-568. Wilson,B.,1993.Australianmarineshells.ProsobranchGas-
Petit,R.A.,2003.GeorgePerry’smolluscantaxaandnoteson tropods1:1-408incl.pls1-44.OdysseePublishing,Kalla-
theeditionsofhisConchologyof1811.—Zootaxa377:1-72. roo,WesternAustralia.
Basteria79(1-3),2015