Table Of Content32:50.
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Notice
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Automation.
Copyright © 2018 International Society of Automation (ISA)
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ISBN 978-1-941546-91-8
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data in process
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About the Editors
Nicholas P. Sands PE, CAP, ISA Fellow
Nick Sands is currently a senior manufacturing technology fellow with more than 27
years at DuPont, working in a variety of automation roles at several different businesses
and plants. He has helped develop several company standards and best practices in the
areas of automation competency, safety instrumented systems, alarm management, and
process safety.
Sands has been involved with the International Society of Automation (ISA) for more
than 25 years, working on standards committees, including ISA18, ISA101, ISA84, and
ISA105, as well as training courses, the ISA Certified Automation Professional (CAP)
certification, and section and division events. His path to automation started when he
earned a BS in Chemical Engineering from Virginia Tech.
Ian Verhappen P Eng, CAP, ISA Fellow
After receiving a BS in Chemical Engineering with a focus on process control, Ian
Verhappen’s career has included stints in all three aspects of the automation industry:
end user, supplier, and engineering consultant. Verhappen has been an active ISA
volunteer for more than 25 years, learning from and sharing his knowledge with other
automation professionals as an author, presenter, international speaker, and volunteer
leader.
Through a combination of engineering work, standards committee involvement, and a
desire for continuous learning, Verhappen has been involved in all facets of the process
automation industry from field devices, including process analyzers, to controllers to the
communication networks connecting these elements together. A Guide to the
Automation Body of Knowledge is a small way to share this continuous learning and
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pass along the expertise gained from all those who have helped develop the body of
knowledge used to edit this edition.
33:35.
Preface to the Third Edition
It has been some years since the second edition was published in 2006. Times have
changed. We have changed. Technology has changed. Standards have changed. Some
areas of standards changes include; alarm management, human machine interface
design, procedural automation, and intelligent device management.
Another change, in 2009, we lost the pioneer of A Guide to the Automation Body of
Knowledge and the Certified Automation Professional (CAP) program, my friend,
Vernon Trevathan. He had a vision of defining automation engineering and developing
automation engineers.
With the changes in technology, it is clear that the trend of increasing automation will
continue into the future. What is not clear, is how to support that trend with capable
engineers and technicians. This guide is a step towards a solution. The purpose of this
edition is the same as that of the first edition, to provide a broad overview of
automation, broader than just instrumentation or process control, to include topics like
HAZOP studies, operator training, and operator effectiveness. The chapters are written
by experts who share their insights in a few pages.
The third edition was quite a project for many reasons. It was eventually successful
because of the hard work and dedication of Susan Colwell and Liegh Elrod of the ISA
staff, and the unstoppable force of automation that is my co-editor Ian Verhappen. Every
chapter has been updated and some new chapters have been added. It is my hope that
you find this guide to be a useful quick reference for the topics you know, and an
overview for the topics you seek to learn. May you enjoy reading this third edition, and I
hope Vernon enjoys it as well.
Nicholas P. Sands
May 2018
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Contents
About the Editors
Preface
I – Control Basics
1 Control System Documentation
By Frederick A. Meier and Clifford A. Meier
Reasons for Documentation
Types of Documentation
Process Flow Diagram (PFD)
Piping and Instrument Diagrams (P&IDs)
Instrument Lists
Specification Forms
Logic Diagrams
Location Plans (Instrument Location Drawings)
Installation Details
Loop Diagrams
Standards and Regulations
Other Resources
About the Authors
2 Continuous Control
By Harold Wade
Introduction
Process Characteristics
Feedback Control
Controller Tuning
Advanced Regulatory Control
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Further Information
About the Author
3 Control of Batch Processes
By P. Hunter Vegas, PE
What Is a Batch Process?
Controlling a Batch Process
What Is ANSI/ISA-88.00.01?
Applying ANSI/ISA-88.00.01
Summary
Further Information
About the Author
4 Discrete Control
By Kelvin T. Erickson, PhD
Introduction
Ladder Logic
Function Block Diagram
Structured Text
Instruction List
Sequential Problems
Further Information
About the Author
II – Field Devices
5 Measurement Uncertainty
By Ronald H. Dieck
Introduction
Error
Measurement Uncertainty (Accuracy)
Calculation Example
Summary
Definitions
References
Further Information
About the Author
6 Process Transmitters
By Donald R. Gillum
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Introduction
Pressure and Differential Pressure Transmitters
Level Measurement
Hydraulic Head Level Measurement
Fluid Flow Measurement Technology
Temperature
Conclusion
Further Information
About the Author
7 Analytical Instrumentation
By James F. Tatera
Introduction
Sample Point Selection
Instrument Selection
Sample Conditioning Systems
Process Analytical System Installation
Maintenance
Utilization of Results
Further Information
About the Author
8 Control Valves
By Hans D. Baumann
Valve Types
Actuators
Accessories
Further Information
About the Author
9 Motor and Drive Control
By Dave Polka and Donald G. Dunn
Introduction
DC Motors and Their Principles of Operation
DC Motor Types
AC Motors and Their Principles of Operation
AC Motor Types
Choosing the Right Motor
Adjustable Speed Drives (Electronic DC)
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